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Keywords astrocytes and neurodegenerati...

astrocytes and neurodegenerative disease

https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484904/effect-of-outer-membrane-vesicles-of-lactobacillus-pentosus-on-tau-phosphorylation-and-cdk5-calpain-pathway-in-mice
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhongying Shao, Yanjun Lu, Aihong Xing, Xiying He, Hongyan Xie, Ming Hu
Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as a neurodegenerative disorder causing cognitive decline, posing a significant health concern for the elderly population in China. This study explored the effects of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from the gut microbiota of AD patients on learning and memory abilities and Tau protein phosphorylation in mice. In contrast to the OMVs from healthy controls and the PBS treatment group, mice treated with AD-OMVs exhibited notable declines in learning and memory capabilities, as evidenced by results from the Morris water maze, Y-maze, and novel object recognition tests...
March 12, 2024: Experimental Gerontology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477063/the-predominance-of-astrocytic-intranuclear-inclusions-in-neuronal-intranuclear-inclusion-disease-manifesting-encephalopathy-like-symptoms-a-case-series-with-brain-biopsy
#22
Keisuke Ishizawa, Takashi Komori, Taku Homma, Jun Sone, Yasuhiro Nakata, Yoshihiko Nakazato, Kazushi Takahashi, Toshimasa Yamamoto, Atsushi Sasaki
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a neurodegenerative disorder represented by eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions (EIIs) and GGC/CGG repeat expansion in the NOTCH2NLC gene. We report here two adult cases of NIID, genetically confirmed, with manifestation of encephalopathy-like symptoms and address the histopathologic findings obtained by brain biopsies, with a focus on "astrocytic" intranuclear inclusions (AIIs). Case 1 presented with paroxysmal restlessness, vertigo, or fever and was later involved in severe dementia and tetraparesis...
March 13, 2024: Neuropathology: Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474295/astrocyte-neuron-interaction-via-the-glutamate-glutamine-cycle-and-its-dysfunction-in-tau-dependent-neurodegeneration
#23
REVIEW
Marta Sidoryk-Węgrzynowicz, Kamil Adamiak, Lidia Strużyńska
Astroglia constitute the largest group of glial cells and are involved in numerous actions that are critical to neuronal development and functioning, such as maintaining the blood-brain barrier, forming synapses, supporting neurons with nutrients and trophic factors, and protecting them from injury. These properties are deeply affected in the course of many neurodegenerative diseases, including tauopathies, often before the onset of the disease. In this respect, the transfer of essential amino acids such as glutamate and glutamine between neurons and astrocytes in the glutamate-glutamine cycle (GGC) is one example...
March 6, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473986/age-related-pathology-in-corticobasal-degeneration
#24
Maya Mimuro, Yasushi Iwasaki
Elderly human brains are vulnerable to multiple proteinopathies, although each protein has a different transmission pathway. Tau-immunoreactive astrocytes are well-known in elderly brains. In contrast, astrocytic plaques, a hallmark in corticobasal degeneration (CBD), rarely occur in aging and neurodegenerative disease other than CBD. To elucidate the clinicopathological correlation of aging-related pathology in CBD, we examined 21 pathologically proven CBD cases in our institute (12 males and 9 females, with a mean age of death 70...
February 27, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473758/effects-of-cerebrospinal-fluids-from-alzheimer-and-non-alzheimer-patients-on-neurons-astrocytes-microglia-co-culture
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matilda Iemmolo, Giulia Bivona, Tommaso Piccoli, Aldo Nicosia, Gabriella Schiera, Carlo Maria Di Liegro, Fabrizio Di Pietra, Giulio Ghersi
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by the accumulation of β-amyloid plaques, tau tangles, neuroinflammation, and synaptic/neuronal loss, the latter being the strongest correlating factor with memory and cognitive impairment. Through an in vitro study on a neurons-astrocytes-microglia (NAM) co-culture system, we analyzed the effects of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from AD and non-AD patients (other neurodegenerative pathologies). Treatment with CSF from AD patients showed a loss of neurofilaments and spheroids, suggesting the presence of elements including CX3CL1 (soluble form), destabilizing the neurofilaments, cellular adhesion processes, and intercellular contacts...
February 21, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38469162/effects-of-early-tooth-loss-on-chronic-stress-and-progression-of-neuropathogenesis-of-alzheimer-s-disease-in-adult-alzheimer-s-model-app-nl-g-f-mice
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suzuko Ochi, Kumiko Yamada, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C Saido, Mitsuo Iinuma, Kagaku Azuma, Kin-Ya Kubo
INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by accumulated amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, aggregated phosphorylated tau protein, gliosis-associated neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and cognitive impairment. Many cohort studies indicate that tooth loss is a risk factor for AD. The detailed mechanisms underlying the association between AD and tooth loss, however, are not yet fully understood. METHODS: We explored the involvement of early tooth loss in the neuropathogenesis of the adult AppNL-G-F mouse AD model...
2024: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467392/extracellular-vesicles-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victor Hugo Berriel Pinho, João Paulo Lima Daher, Salim Kanaan, Thalia Medeiros
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released by cells that facilitate cell signaling. They are categorized based on their biogenesis and size. In the context of the central nervous system (CNS), EVs have been extensively studied for their role in both normal physiological functions and diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and neuronal death. EVs have emerged as potential biomarkers for AD due to their involvement in disease progression...
March 2024: Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462589/dysregulation-of-extracellular-potassium-distinguishes-healthy-ageing-from-neurodegeneration
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fengfei Ding, Qian Sun, Carter Long, Rune Nguyen Rasmussen, Sisi Peng, Qiwu Xu, Ning Kang, Wei Song, Pia Weikop, Steven A Goldman, Maiken Nedergaard
Progressive neuronal loss is a hallmark feature distinguishing neurodegenerative diseases from normal aging. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Extracellular K+ homeostasis is a potential mediator of neuronal injury since K+ elevations increase excitatory activity. The dysregulation of extracellular K+ and potassium channel expressions during neurodegeneration could contribute to this distinction. We here measured the cortical extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]e) in awake wildtype mice as well as murine models of neurodegeneration using K+-sensitive microelectrodes...
March 11, 2024: Brain
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455972/the-decreased-astrocyte-microglia-interaction-reflects-the-early-characteristics-of-alzheimer-s-disease
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kefu Liu, Ailikemu Aierken, Mengyao Liu, Nazakat Parhat, Wei Kong, Xingyu Yin, Gang Liu, Ding Yu, Jie Hong, Junjun Ni, Zhenzhen Quan, Xiaoyun Liu, Simei Ji, Jian Mao, Weijun Peng, Chao Chen, Yan Yan, Hong Qing
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease often associated with olfactory dysfunction. Aβ is a typical AD hall marker, but Aβ-induced molecular alterations in olfactory memory remain unclear. In this study, we used a 5xFAD mouse model to investigate Aβ-induced olfactory changes. Results showed that 4-month-old 5xFAD have olfactory memory impairment accompanied by piriform cortex neuron activity decline and no sound or working memory impairment. In addition, synapse and glia functional alteration is consistent across different ages at the proteomic level...
March 15, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455026/inflachromene-ameliorates-parkinson-s-disease-by-targeting-nrf2-binding-keap1
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junhyeong Yim, Yoon Soo Hwang, Jae-Jin Lee, Ju Hee Kim, Jeong Yeob Baek, Jaeyeong Jeong, Young Il Choi, Byung Kwan Jin, Seung Bum Park
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by movement disorder. Despite current therapeutic efforts, PD progression and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra remain challenging to prevent due to the complex and unclear molecular mechanism involved. We adopted a phenotype-based drug screening approach with neuronal cells to overcome these limitations. In this study, we successfully identified a small molecule with a promising therapeutic effect for PD treatment, called inflachromene (ICM), through our phenotypic screening strategy...
March 6, 2024: Chemical Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454456/gba1-inactivation-in-oligodendrocytes-affects-myelination-and-induces-neurodegenerative-hallmarks-and-lipid-dyshomeostasis-in-mice
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ilaria Gregorio, Loris Russo, Enrica Torretta, Pietro Barbacini, Gabriella Contarini, Giada Pacinelli, Dario Bizzotto, Manuela Moriggi, Paola Braghetta, Francesco Papaleo, Cecilia Gelfi, Enrico Moro, Matilde Cescon
BACKGROUND: Mutations in the β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) gene do cause the lysosomal storage Gaucher disease (GD) and are among the most frequent genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). So far, studies on both neuronopathic GD and PD primarily focused on neuronal manifestations, besides the evaluation of microglial and astrocyte implication. White matter alterations were described in the central nervous system of paediatric type 1 GD patients and were suggested to sustain or even play a role in the PD process, although the contribution of oligodendrocytes has been so far scarcely investigated...
March 7, 2024: Molecular Neurodegeneration
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450383/human-stem-cell-transplantation-models-of-alzheimer-s-disease
#32
REVIEW
Nkechime Ifediora, Peter Canoll, Gunnar Hargus
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent form of dementia. It is characterized by pronounced neuronal degeneration with formation of neurofibrillary tangles and deposition of amyloid β throughout the central nervous system. Animal models have provided important insights into the pathogenesis of AD and they have shown that different brain cell types including neurons, astrocytes and microglia have important functions in the pathogenesis of AD. However, there are difficulties in translating promising therapeutic observations in mice into clinical application in patients...
2024: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449740/aqueous-extract-of-swietenia-macrophylla-leaf-exerts-an-anti-inflammatory-effect-in-a-murine-model-of-parkinson-s-disease-induced-by-6-ohda
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Váldina Solimar Lopes Cardoso, Anderson Valente-Amaral, Rayan Fidel Martins Monteiro, Clarina Loius Silva Meira, Natália Silva de Meira, Milton Nascimento da Silva, João de Jesus Viana Pinheiro, Gilmara de Nazareth Tavares Bastos, João Soares Felício, Elizabeth Sumi Yamada
INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease affects 2% of the population aged over 65 years and is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the general population. The appearance of motor symptoms is associated with the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway. Clinically significant nonmotor symptoms are also important for severe disability with disease progression. Pharmacological treatment with levodopa, which involves dopamine restitution, results in a temporary improvement in motor symptoms...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447659/tunneling-nanotubes-the-transport-highway-for-astrocyte-neuron-communication-in-the-central-nervous-system
#34
REVIEW
Cuixiang Zhou, Min Huang, Shasha Wang, Shifeng Chu, Zhao Zhang, Naihong Chen
Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) have emerged as pivotal structures for intercellular communication, enabling the transfer of cellular components across distant cells. Their involvement in neurological disorders has attracted considerable scientific interest. This review delineates the functions of TNTs within the central nervous system, examining their role in the transmission of bioenergetic substrates, and signaling molecules, and their multifaceted impact on both physiological and pathological processes, with an emphasis on neurodegenerative diseases...
March 4, 2024: Brain Research Bulletin
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441703/potential-impact-of-hypoxic-astrocytes-on-the-aggravation-of-depressive-symptoms-in-parkinson-s-disease
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Peng, Jiali He, Hongling Xiang, Lei Xie, Jin She, Donghui Cheng, Bei Liu, Jing Hu, Hao Qian
Mounting evidence suggests a significant correlation between depressive disorders and neurodegenerative conditions, encompassing Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). Depression represents a substantial non-motor manifestation frequently identified in individuals with PD, posing a significant threat to patients' overall well-being and necessitating the implementation of effective management strategies. Despite its high prevalence, impacting over 40% of PD patients, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying depression and its relationship to dopaminergic system degeneration remain largely ambiguous...
March 5, 2024: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience: MN
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435055/isolation-and-monoculture-of-functional-primary-astrocytes-from-the-adult-mouse-spinal-cord
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ingrid L Peterson, Austin D Thompson, Natalie E Scholpa, Tally Largent-Milnes, Rick G Schnellmann
Astrocytes are a widely heterogenic cell population that play major roles in central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis and neurotransmission, as well as in various neuropathologies, including spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Spinal cord astrocytes have distinct differences from those in the brain and accurate modeling of disease states is necessary for understanding disease progression and developing therapeutic interventions...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427254/astrocyte-activation-and-drug-target-in-pathophysiology-of-multiple-sclerosis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Preeti Bisht, Charul Rathore, Ankit Rathee, Atul Kabra
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease, which is also referred to as an autoimmune disorder with chronic inflammatory demyelination affecting the core system that is the central nervous system (CNS). Demyelination is a pathological manifestation of MS. It is the destruction of myelin sheath, which is wrapped around the axons, and it results in the loss of synaptic connections and conduction along the axon is also compromised. Various attempts are made to understand MS and demyelination using various experimental models out of them...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427250/amyloid-beta-mediated-neurovascular-toxicity-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sayani Banerjee, Sugato Banerjee
The brain vascular system receives one-fifth of the total oxygen from the cardiac output, and this transport system is highly dependent on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. The cerebral blood flow is controlled by neurovascular coupling through neurovascular units (NVUs). The NVU includes different types of cells, such as mural cells, astrocytes, pericytes, endothelial cells (ECs), and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The cellular composition of NVU varies throughout the vascular tree. Amyloid β (Aβ) is abundantly present in the central nervous system, but the pathological accumulation of misfolded Aβ protein causes vascular damage, resulting in neurovascular dysfunction...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427215/lactate-hydroxycarboxylic-acid-receptor-1-in-alzheimer-s-disease-mechanisms-and-therapeutic-implications-exercise-perspective
#39
REVIEW
Xiangyuan Meng, Weijia Wu, Yingzhe Tang, Mei Peng, Jialun Yang, Shunling Yuan, Zelin Hu, Wenfeng Liu
Lactate has a novel function different from previously known functions despite its traditional association with hypoxia in skeletal muscle. It plays various direct and indirect physiological functions. It is a vital energy source within the central nervous system (CNS) and a signal transmitter regulating crucial processes, such as angiogenesis and inflammation. Activating lactate and its associated receptors elicits effects like synaptic plasticity and angiogenesis alterations. These effects can significantly influence the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle, potentially impacting cognitive performance...
March 1, 2024: Molecular Neurobiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427196/imaging-neuroinflammation-quantification-of-astrocytosis-in-a-multitracer-pet-approach
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Rodriguez-Vieitez, Amit Kumar, Mona-Lisa Malarte, Konstantinos Ioannou, Filipa M Rocha, Konstantinos Chiotis
The recent progress in the development of in vivo biomarkers is rapidly changing how neurodegenerative diseases are conceptualized and diagnosed and how clinical trials are designed today. Alzheimer's disease (AD) - the most common neurodegenerative disorder - is characterized by a complex neuropathology involving the deposition of extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, accompanied by the activation of glial cells, i...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
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