energy matabolism

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of four weeks treatment with a strictly defined very low calorie diet (VLCD) on the regulation of adipocyte matabolism in vitro in subcutaneous fat cells of obese subjects. DESIGN: Prospective study. SUBJECTS: Nine obese, but otherwise healthy and drug-free women aged 26-48 years with BMI 36.4-51.9 kg/m2 were investigated before and during the fourth week on a calorie restricted diet. MEASUREMENTS: A subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy was obtained from the abdominal area...

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Evidence is summarized for the theory that long-term regulation of energy balance is elaborated by an interface between matabolism and brain activity within the medial hypothalamus, while short-term satiety effects are a more direct consequence of dampened activity in lateral hypothalamic feeding circuits. Possible relationships of these functions to autonomic control circuits are discussed.

The calorie requirements of adequately clothed men living and working in a cold environment are not increased, except for the 2-5 percent increase in matabolic rate due to the "hobbling" effect of the heavy clothing. The energy requirements in the cold, as in a temperate environment, are primarily a function of body weight and level of physical activity. The discrepancies between studies of persons living in a hot environment are explainable and are primarily due to the level of protection from the heat. The increased requirements are probably due to the increased heat load imposed on the body by solar radiation and the extreme heat...

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