differetiation

CONTEXT: Hypospadias is a common inborn error of the male genitalia of complex, and still elusive, etiology. The presence of active estrogen receptors (ESRs) in the developing male urethra, predominantly the ESR2, has suggested a role of estrogens in the otherwise androgen-dependent male genital differetiation. Moreover, imbalances between these two steroid hormones have been suggested to disturb the external genital development. This has been supported by the association between longer (CA)n variants in the ESR2 gene with lower androgen levels as well as with hypospadias...

We reviewed 20 patients (16 females and 4 males) with intrahepatic cholestasis and recognised the following miscellaneous disorders: 12 primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 3 primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), 1 immune cholangiopathy (IC), 3 liver sarcoidosis and 1 cholestasis with Horton's arteritis. The aim of the study was to identify potentially differetiating clinical and biochemical findings in intrahepatic cholestasis. Sixty females were affected with changes reflecting a cholestatic pattern including an elevated alkaline phosphatasis and gammaglutamyltransferase level...

This is a retrospective review for 40 patients with malignant tumour of the floor of mouth.In the group,squamous carinoma is 62.5%.adenoid cystic carcinoma is 22.5%.Both of them are the major type,stage III.IV were 72.5%,Generally ipsilateral;radical mandibular and neck dissection was performed sellectively.65% of patient were given preoprative chemotherapy.Total 5 years survival rate was 50%,for stage I-III were 78.6%.Although preoperative chemotherapy was given that the group of lower pathological differetiation was still in lower survival rate,higher recurrence and mortality than those given surgery alone...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: The retinoids are potent anti-tumor drugs affecting cellular proliferation and inducing cell differetiation or apoptosis. This study was designed to investigate the anti-proliferative effect of a new-developed retinoid, Ro 40-8757, on cell structure, cell cycle and cell cycle proteins of four human cancer cell lines in vitro in order to reveal its probable mechanism. METHODS: MTT assay was used to determine the anti-proliferative effects of Ro 40-8757 on human cancer cell lines CCL-187, CCL-229, JF-305, and ASPC-1...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Many reports have characterized the aberrant expression of beta-catenin in diverse types of human cancer. To determine whether beta-catenin has possible roles in esophageal carcinogensis, we designed this study to detect the expression pattern of beta-catenin in normal esophageal epithelium and esophageal cancer tissue, then to study the relevance of its expression and localization to tumor differetiation degree and lymph node metastasis. METHODS: By using immunohistochemical staining(SP method), the expression of beta-catenin was detected in 22 normal esophageal tissue slides and 52 esophageal carcinomas...

When mammals are constrained to hypogravity, their neuromuscular apparatus undergoes modifications which rend difficult postural maintenance and muscular activity upon the return to normal gravitational conditions. Muscle atrophy and differetial gene expression are particularly evident in slow-twitch antigravity muscles such as the soleus. During hypogravity, most of the metabolic and contractile properties characteristic of slow-twitch muscles shift toward to those of fast-twitch muscles. For example, the expression of the fast isoforms of both the myosin heavy-chain and the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump increases in slow-twitch muscle during hypogravity...

Human male germ cell tumors (GCTs) comprise an excellent model system for understanding the molecular events controlling cellular differentiation and lineage decision. Pluripotential embryonal carcinoma cell lines derived from GCTs can be induced to undergo terminal differentiation along specific lineages dependent upon the differentiating agent. We report here that one such cell line, NTera2/clone D1 (NT2/D1), previously shown to undergo differentiation along a neuronal lineage by all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), can be induced along a distinct non-neuronal lineage by the mammalian morphogens, bone morphogenetic proteins-2 and -4 (BMP-2 and -4)...

In this study, plasma clot and methycellulose semi-solid and liquid culture technigues were employed to observe the in vitro growth characteristics of proliferation and differetiation of 4-5 months fetal liver and adult bone marrow CFU-MKs. Fetal liver MK colonies in plasma clot in the presence of rIL3 or Meg-CSA were larger (usually with > 50 cells/colony) than that of the adult (usually with < 50 cells/colony). The number (36.40 +/- 16.60/1 x 10(5) cells) of fetal liver Mk colonies in presence of 2 ng/ml rIL3 was larger than that (10...

The celluar differentiation behaviour of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary gland was investigated in vitro with immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the cells of ACC-2 and ACC-3 cell lines can express some marker proteins in vitro including S-100 protein, actin, myosin which is characterized as a feature of myoepithelial cells. When differentiation inducer, dB-cAMP, was added to the monolayer cells cultured in dishes, the marker protein expression increased and the CEA changed to positive...

A new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is based on providing trophic support for degenerating dopaminergic (DA) neurons. It can be accomplished by administration of neurotrophic factors, or inducing astrocytes to differentiate and produce such factors. Antineoplaston A5 (A5), which is a naturally-occurring cytodifferentiating agent, may induce astrocytes to undergo normal differetiation, produce neurotrophic factors and alleviate the symptoms of PD. This paper describes studies on the influence of A5 on subtypes of central DA receptors by measuring the potency of haloperidol catalepsy in rats...

The patient was a 76-year-old man with simultaneous triple cancer arising in the duodenal papilla, gallbladder and stomach, whose complaint was epigastralgia. Endoscopic and radiologic studies revealed early gastric cancer (IIc) at the posterior wall of the antrum; ERCP disclosed obstruction with "apple core" appearance in the distal bile duct. Pancreaticoduodenectomy, cholecystectomy and distal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection were performed. Histopathological examination of the resected specimens revealed papillo-tubular adenocarcinoma in the duodenal papilla, well differetiated tubular adenocarcinoma in the gallbladder, and moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma in the gastric mucosa...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Report of 11 cases of rheumatoid arthritis observed in Malagasy. Frequently, a single joint is concerned at the on-set period and this may raise some questions to differetiate rheumatic fever, gout and osteo-articular tuberculosis, as these three diseases are of high and almost equivalent frequency in the country. Clinical, biological and radiological features are the same as observed in Europe. Evolution is often severe as a consequence of requently delayed diagnosis and difficulties encountered in treatment of out-patients...

The metabolic behaviour of NHCP was studied in rat brain nuclei from fully differetiated cells and in nuclei from still differentiating cells. Eight-day-old rats were injected intracisternally with [14C]thymidine and [3H]tryptophan and the 3H/14C ratio of the chromatin was followed for a period of 33 days. It was found that in the fraction of differentiated cells this ratio remained unchanged, showing the presence of metabolically stable NHCP. At the same time in the fraction containing nondifferentiated cells a substantial part of the NHCP was turned over, which was indicated by a sharp decrease in their 3H/14C ratio with time...

The ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies of the differentiating epithelial cells of the ejaculatory bulb in D. littoralis Maigen (=D. imeretensis Sokolov) have shown that the change of synthesis of non-specific isozyme of carboxyl esterase to synthesis of organospecific carboxyl esterase is realized at the same time in all epithelial cells. The epithelium of ejaculatroy bulb is homogeneous by its celluaar composition at all stages of differetiation under study. No mitosing cells or distinct foci of degeneration were found in the epithelial layer after the flight of imago...

A histochemical method for the differentiation of glucosaminoglycans, utilizing bacterial chondroitinase ABC and chondro-4- and -6 sulphatases, and staining with Alcian blue, is presented. The method is applied on human tissues with known glucosaminoglycan content (ganglion cyst, umbilical cord, foetal cartilage, adult cartilage) and the results are compared with the results obtained by staining with Alcian blue at controlled pH levels, with or without prior digestion with bovine testicular hyaloronidase, and the Scott method, utilizing Alcian blue at varying concentrations of MgCl2...