Raghad

Background and objective Depression and anxiety are among the most common mental health conditions globally, and, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), roughly 25% of people worldwide suffer from them. Serious mental diseases can cause a great deal of suffering and incapacity, lowering people's quality of life. Stigma and unfavorable attitudes toward mental illness often discourage people from seeking psychological assistance and achieving recovery from mental problems. This observational cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the attitudes of the general population of Makkah, Saudi Arabia, toward seeking psychological help, and to determine the degree to which stigma prevents individuals from seeking help...

BACKGROUND: Physical Therapy profession is known for its demanding physical requirements. This increases the risk of attrition and work-related accidents and disorders that affect physical therapists' quality of life and work performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical activity level and other contributing factors on quality of life of physical therapists. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among practicing physical therapists ( n = 258)...

INTRODUCTION: Episiotomy, despite being one of the most common interventions during childbirth, carries significant risks and uncertain benefits. Previous global studies highlight varying awareness levels and practices, with decreasing episiotomy rates attributed to increased knowledge. This study aims to assess women's knowledge to enhance intrapartum decision-making and communication between patients and obstetricians, ultimately improving maternal outcomes in the region. METHODOLOGY:  The study was a cross-section design...

The flu, often known as influenza, is a dangerous public health hazard for the pediatric population. Immunization is essential for decreasing the burden of the disease and avoiding complications related to influenza. However, the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of different influenza vaccines in children warrant careful evaluation. The purpose of this narrative review is to give a summary of the existing literature on the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of several vaccinations against influenza viruses in children...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to measure the knowledge about breast cancer and to identify the barriers in screening among Saudi women in the Al-Baha region. To achieve this, a cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 468 women, to assess their understanding of breast cancer and to explore the obstacles they face in accessing breast cancer screening services. METHODS: The cross-sectional study included 468 women from Al Baha, Saudi Arabia, starting from May 17, 2022, to May 17, 2023...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the outcome of complicated osteoarticular brucellosis. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. All patients aged more than 14 who have been diagnosed with complicated brucellosis with osteoarticular disease between July 2016 and December 2022 were included. RESULTS: A total of 82 (10.7%) patients met the criteria, with a male predominance of 66 (80...

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a rare subtype of prostate cancer (PCa) that usually results in poor clinical outcomes and may be accompanied by paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS). NEPC is becoming more frequent. It can initially manifest as PNS, complicating diagnosis. Therefore, we reviewed the literature on the different PNS associated with NEPC. We systematically reviewed English-language articles from January 2017 to September 2023, identifying 17 studies meeting PRISMA guidelines for NEPC and associated PNS...

Gellan gum (GG) is a linear, negatively charged exopolysaccharide that is biodegradable and non-toxic. When metallic ions are present, a hard and transparent gel is produced, which remains stable at a low pH. It exhibits high water solubility, can be easily bio-fabricated, demonstrates excellent film/hydrogel formation, is biodegradable, and shows biocompatibility. These characteristics render GG a suitable option for use in food, biomedical, and cosmetic fields. Thus, this review paper offers a concise summary of microbial polysaccharides...

Cancer is responsible for approximately 10 million deaths worldwide, with 70% of the deaths occurring in low- and middle-income countries; as such safer and more effective anti-cancer drugs are required. Therefore, the potential benefits of Ziziphus nummularia and Ziziphus spina-christi as sources of anti-cancer agents were investigated. Z. nummularia and Z. spina-christi extracts were prepared using chloroform, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and water. The extracts' anti-cancer properties were determined using the MTT Cell Viability Assay in four cancer cell lines: breast (KAIMRC2 and MDA-MB-231), colorectal (HCT8), and liver (HepG2)...

Background There is a lack of local studies on vitamin D deficiency in children with cancer. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the pediatric oncology population at King Abdul-Aziz Medical City (KAMC) in Jeddah, addressing knowledge gaps for improved clinical practice and future research. Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted from 2016 to 2021 at the pediatric oncology clinic in National Guard Hospital, Jeddah. The study focused on children aged 14 or younger at cancer diagnosis, data encompassed patient demographics, cancer details, and treatment information, including serum measurements of vitamin D (25(OH)D, calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase)...

The carotid body, situated at the common carotid artery bifurcation, comprises specialized glomus cells responsible for sensing blood oxygen, carbon dioxide, pH, and temperature changes, crucial for regulating breathing and maintaining oxygen homeostasis. Carotid body tumors (CBTs), arising from these cells, are rare, representing only 0.5% of head and neck tumors, often presenting as benign, slow-growing, vascularized masses. In February 2023, this bibliometric analysis was conducted, which involved screening 1733 articles from the Web of Science database...

Worldwide, in 2020, an estimated 417,367 people were diagnosed with uterine cancer. Endometrial cancer accounts for more than 90% of all uterine cancers. The 15th most frequent cancer overall and the sixth most frequent cancer in women is endometrial cancer. Global ovarian cancer Incidence was diagnosed estimated at 313,959 new cases worldwide in 2020. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in women worldwide. It has been demonstrated that sex steroid hormones (SSHs) have an essential role in regulating the susceptibility of cancer to cytotoxic therapy...

Cleft palate repair is a common reconstructive procedure that can involve significant blood loss. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been proposed to minimise blood loss during various surgical procedures, but its effectiveness in cleft palate repair remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effectiveness of TXA to reduce postoperative blood loss. Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search across multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science, to identify relevant studies published up to September 2023...

Tooth loss often leads to significant alveolar bone resorption, presenting a challenge for dental implant placement. This case report presents the effectiveness of concentrated platelet-rich fibrin (C-PRF) in combination with bone allograft for horizontal bone augmentation in a severely atrophic maxilla. A 33-year-old female patient with extensive bone loss in the upper anterior maxilla was treated in two stages. The initial stage involved horizontal bone augmentation using a mixture of C-PRF and bone allograft...

INTRODUCTION: Leadership is increasingly recognized as a crucial competency in medicine, with physicians expected to provide leadership skills throughout their careers. This study explores the perceptions, attitudes, and interests of medical students and interns in Saudi Arabia regarding medical leadership. Medical graduates are expected to "provide leadership skills that enhance team functioning, the learning environment, and the healthcare delivery system", according to the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC)...

BACKGROUND: The ORTO scale was developed in 2004 as a self-report questionnaire to assess symptoms of orthorexia nervosa (ON). ON is an unhealthy preoccupation with eating healthy food. The scale aims to measure obsessive attitudes and behaviors related to the selection, purchase, preparation, and consumption of pure, healthy food. Since its development, the ORTO-15 has been adapted into several shorter versions. The objective was to conduct a reliability generalization meta-analysis of the ORTO scale and its variant versions in all populations and languages...

Various surgical approaches for inguinal hernia repair have been outlined in medical literature. In most cases, these lesions are repaired by general surgeons. A variety of surgical techniques for the treatment of inguinal hernias have been documented in the medical literature. In 2018, the European Hernia Society (EHS) recommended laparo-endoscopic repair as a preferred approach for adults. This method involves a combination of laparoscopic and endoscopic techniques for hernia repair. The goal of this systematic review is to conduct a thorough examination of the total extraperitoneal vs...

INTRODUCTION: Accidental ingestion of caustic agents poses a significant concern in pediatric emergency departments globally. It is a growing public health concern in low-to-middle income countries, which often lack comprehensive data reporting. This study examines high doses of corticosteroid treatment outcomes of caustic ingestion injuries in Syrian pediatric patients, addressing clinical features, and associated variables. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A retrospective observational study was conducted at University Pediatric Hospital from January 2016 to January 2019...

OBJECTIVES: Diabetic nephropathy is a chief reason of mortality particularly in individuals with renal dysfunction. The current research was aimed to assess the nephroprotective portion of Vaccinium oxycoccos toward mice diabetic nephropathy induced by streptozotocin (STZ). V. oxycoccos was purchased and used for hydroalcoholic extraction. METHODS: Sixty male mice were subjected to STZ-intraperitoneal injection (45 mg/kg). After diabetes induction, mice were divided into five groups of diabetic control (received only STZ), non-diabetic control (received only citrate buffer), two V...

Background Integrating smartphones into human life has transformed various daily activities. Numerous symptoms, including headaches, have been linked to smartphone use. The excessive use of these devices raises significant health concerns. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between smartphone use and the progression, type, and severity of primary headaches, as well as the necessity for both abortive and prophylactic medications in treating such conditions. Materials and methods In this study, we utilized a cross-sectional survey involving 403 participants aged 14 years and older, all experiencing primary headaches and seeking care at three governmental hospitals in Taif, Saudi Arabia...