Hatem

The pathophysiology of several illnesses, including cancer and autoimmune diseasesdepends on human regulatory T cells (Tregs), and abnormalities in these cells may function as triggers for these conditions. Cancer and autoimmune, and gynecological diseases are associated with the differentiation of the proinflammatory T cell subset TH17 and its balance with the production of Treg. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have become important regulatory molecules in a wide range of illnesses. During epigenetic regulation, they can control the expression of important genes at several levels by affecting transcription, post-transcriptional actions, translation, and protein modification...

Medication therapy management (MTM) refers to the activities provided by pharmacists that patients recognize as evidence of care being provided. It encompasses the services that patients value and consider valuable. Many developing nations like Yemen have had poor implementation of MTM services. Thus, this research assessed the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) of Yemen pharmacists regarding MTM. We conducted a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire among pharmacists in Sana'a, Yemen...

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by aberrations in social interaction and communication associated with repetitive behaviors and interests, with strong clinical heterogeneity. Genetic factors play an important role in ASD, but about 75% of ASD cases have an undetermined genetic risk. Methods: We extensively investigated an ASD cohort made of 102 families from the Middle Eastern population of Qatar. First, we investigated the copy number variations (CNV) contribution using genome-wide SNP arrays...

Recently, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) has been considered as a critical factor implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a previous work, a 3D pharmacophore model for GSK-3β inhibitors was created and the results suggested that derivative ZINC67773573, VIII, may provide a promising lead for developing novel GSK-3β inhibitors for the AD's treatment. Consequently, in this work, novel series of quinolin-2-one derivatives were synthesized and assessed for their GSK-3β inhibitory properties...

Numerous classification and regression problems have extensively used Support Vector Machines (SVMs). However, the SVM approach is less practical for large datasets because of its processing cost. This is primarily due to the requirement of optimizing a quadratic programming problem to determine the decision boundary during training. As a result, methods for selecting data instances that have a better likelihood of being chosen as support vectors by the SVM algorithm have been developed to help minimize the bulk of training data...

INTRODUCTION: Pemphigus is a therapeutically challenging disease with high morbidity and economic burden. First-line prescription of rituximab remains limited in Tunisia due to its high cost. Systemic steroids remain the standard of care but are associated with a major risk of morbidities and higher treatment costs. AIM: To assess the direct medical costs of pemphigus in Tunisia. METHODS: Retrospective estimation of direct medical costs during the 18 months following the diagnosis using the "bottom-up approach" in the Dermatology Department of Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia...

In kidney transplantation, pairing recipients with the highest longevity with low-risk allografts to optimize graft-donor survival is a complex challenge. Current risk prediction models exhibit limited discriminative and calibration capabilities and have not been compared to modern decision-assisting tools. We aimed to develop a highly accurate risk-stratification index using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. Using data from the UNOS database (156,749 deceased kidney transplants, 2007-2021), we randomly divided transplants into training (80%) and validation (20%) sets...

Nutrient availability profoundly influences plant root system architecture, which critically determines crop productivity. While Arabidopsis has provided important insights into the genetic responses to nutrient deficiency, translating this knowledge to crops, particularly wheat, remains a subject of inquiry. Here, examining a diverse wheat population under varying nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and iron (Fe) levels, we uncover a spectrum of root responses, spanning from growth inhibition to stimulation, highlighting genotype-specific strategies...

OBJECTIVE: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often diagnosed at advanced stage where hopeless for effective therapies. Identification of more reliable biomarkers for early detection of HCC is urgently needed. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) represent a unique liquid biopsy carrying comprehensive biological information of the primary tumor. Herein, we sought to develop a novel score based on the combination of the most significant CTCs biomarkers with routine laboratory tests for accurate detection of HCC...

The control and eradication of brucellosis represents a critical objective for Veterinary and Health Authorities across several countries globally. Efficient surveillance programs play a pivotal role in detecting and managing outbreaks. Epidemiological investigations significantly benefit from standardized and efficient molecular typing techniques and analytical tools, enabling public health laboratories to identify the origin of outbreaks. This study aimed to sequence Brucella spp. strains isolated in Iraq from different ruminant species to verify their molecular epidemiological correlations and, above all, to shed a light on how these Iraqi isolates are positioned in the phylogenetic context of Brucella spp...

COX-2 plays a key role in converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. This makes it a significant target for treating inflammation. Selective COX-2 inhibitors have marked a new phase in inflammatory treatment, providing significant effectiveness while reducing negative side effects. Herein, we aimed at the design and synthesis of new anti-inflammatory agents 5a - f , 7a - b , 10a - f , and 13a - b with expected selective inhibition for COX-2. Compounds 5d - f , 7b , and 10c - f showed significant COX-2 inhibition with IC50 in the range of 0...

Purpose: To compare the accuracy of ultra-low-dose (uLDCT) to standard-of-care low-dose chest CT (LDCT) in the detection of fungal infection in immunocompromised (IC) patients. Method and Materials: One hundred IC patients had paired chest CT scans performed with LDCT followed by uLDCT. The images were independently reviewed by three chest radiologists who assessed the image quality (IQ), diagnostic confidence, and detection of major (macro nodules, halo sign, cavitation, consolidation) and minor (4-10 mm nodules, ground-glass opacity) criteria for fungal disease using a five-point Likert score...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a debilitating diabetic disorder of the retinal microvasculature and the main cause of avoidable blindness in old people. Hesperetin is a plant flavanone largely abundant in citrus species with neuroprotective properties in animal models. This study aimed to explore the neuroprotective and autophagy-enhancing effect of hesperetin in rats with DR. Twenty-four male rats were utilized and allocated to groups: (i) the vehicle group, (ii) DR group and (iii-iv) the DR + hesperetin (50 and 100 mg/kg) groups...

BACKGROUND: Acute poisonings (AP) are a significant public health problem, accounting for a high number of emergency department visits and thousands of deaths worldwide. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology of AP in an adult population admitted to Cayenne Hospital (French Guiana) and to investigate the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS: We conducted a monocentric retrospective study from January 2010 to December 2022, including patients over eighteen years of age who had been admitted to the emergency department of Cayenne Hospital for acute poisoning...

Bothrofav, a monospecific antivenom, was introduced in June 1991 and has shown excellent effectiveness against life-threatening and thrombotic complications of Bothrops lanceolatus envenoming. Because of the reoccurrence of cerebral stroke events despite the timely administration of antivenom, new batches of Bothrofav were produced and introduced into clinical use in January 2011. This study's aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of Bothrofav generations at treating B. lanceolatus envenoming. During the first period of the study (2000-2010), 107 patients were treated with vials of antivenom produced in June 1991, while 282 envenomed patients were treated with vials of antivenom produced in January 2011 in the second study period (2011-2023)...

This study compares the effects of coach verbal encouragement (CVE) and peer verbal encouragement (PVE) on CrossFit-specific one-repetition maximum (1-RM) strength, functional endurance, and psychophysiological assessments. A total of 36 sports science students (18 males, 18 females; mean age: 21.3 ± 0.5 years) participated in a randomized, counterbalanced crossover study in which 1-RM strength and endurance assessment sessions were undertaken under PVE, CVE, and no verbal encouragement (NVE) on separate days...

OBJECTIVE: A few studies indicate that human papillomavirus (HPV) induces aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and correlate this with p16INK4a in oral dysplasia (OD) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the expression of miRNA-21, miRNA-22, and miRNA-224 by q-PCR and the p16 INK4a by immunohistochemical (IHC) as markers for HPV-positive OSCC and OD in comparison to controls as miRNA expression can be altered by the HPV oncogenes and hence can be used as a biomarker for HPV positive cases...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the attention paid to colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery and postoperative analgesia has increased. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current study was to compare the impact of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and transmuscular quadratus lumborum block (TQLB) upon providing relief to patients with postoperative pain who underwent laparoscopic resection for CRC. METHODS: In this prospective, comparative, and randomized study, the authors considered a total of 60 patients who chose to undergo laparoscopic resection for colorectal cancer...

BACKGROUND: Endovascular repair of aortic aneurysmal disease is established due to perceived advantages in patient survival, reduced postoperative complications, and shorter hospital lengths of stay. High spatial and contrast resolution 3D CT angiography images are used to plan the procedures and inform device selection and manufacture, but in standard care, the surgery is performed using image-guidance from 2D X-ray fluoroscopy with injection of nephrotoxic contrast material to visualise the blood vessels...

OBJECTIVES: Calcified plaques induce blooming artifacts in coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) potentially leading to inaccurate stenosis evaluation. Tungsten represents a high atomic number, experimental contrast agent with different physical properties than iodine. We explored the potential of a tungsten-based contrast agent for photon-counting detector (PCD) CCTA in heavily calcified coronary vessels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cardiovascular phantom exhibiting coronaries with calcified plaques was imaged on a first-generation dual-source PCD-CT...