Paediatric physiotherapy

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Neonatal necrotising fasciitis secondary to Streptococcus agalactiae , also known as Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a rare, life-threatening entity with approximately 40 cases reported in the literature.1 GBS soft tissue infection in infancy most commonly affects the face, likely originating from the colonised oral cavity.2 In cases unresponsive to medical management alone, early surgical debridement can be life-saving. We present a case of faciocervical GBS necrotising fasciitis in a male neonate requiring multiple surgical debridements...

OBJECTIVES: The study aims to assess the proportion and magnitude of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and other common complications reported in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL)/ acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) undergoing chemotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included children between 5 and 18 years old with ALL/LBL undergoing chemotherapy in Tertiary Care Hospitals, Mangalore. The study was conducted using various instruments, including paediatric-modified total neuropathy scale for CIPN, handheld dynamometer for muscle strength, bioimpedance analyser for muscle mass, timed up-and-go test for physical performance, and national comprehensive cancer network (NCCN) guidelines for scoring cancer-related fatigue at 3-time points...

Recent years have seen a substantial increase in interest in pediatric physical therapy, which is a reflection of improvements in its methods and the rising understanding of its significance in child development and rehabilitation. This review provides a concise overview of the latest trends and techniques in pediatric physical therapy, emphasizing the integration of innovative technologies, evidence-based interventions, and holistic approaches. For children with varied developmental, congenital, and acquired disorders, the significance of early intervention and individualized treatment programs is emphasized, underlining the important influence of prompt interventions on long-term functional results and quality of life...

AIM: To establish the prevalence of positional head deformations (PHDs) within a neonatal unit (NU) setting, and to evaluate the subsequent impact that PHDs have on NU graduates and their families. METHODS: A prospective audit was conducted over a six-week period within a tertiary NU (Brisbane, Australia). Eligible babies were measured weekly using a craniometer where presence, type and severity of PHD were determined. Univariate analysis was undertaken to establish differences in clinical characteristics between babies with, and without, the presence of PHD...

BACKGROUND: Paediatric movement disorders such as cerebral palsy often negatively impact walking behaviour. Although clinical gait analysis is usually performed to guide therapy decisions, not all respond positively to their assigned treatment. Identifying these individuals based on their pre-treatment characteristics could guide clinicians towards more appropriate and personalized interventions. Using routinely collected pre-treatment gait and anthropometric features, we aimed to assess whether standard machine learning approaches can be effective in identifying patients at risk of negative treatment outcomes...

INTRODUCTION: Ankle injuries and instability in a pediatric age group are common problems and often underreported. The injuries can range from a relatively benign ankle sprain to pain-limiting ankle instability that can inhibit the child from participating in sporting activities. However, conservative management and physiotherapy are the mainstay of treatment; a small group of patients present with persistent instability and benefit from surgical intervention in lateral ligament reconstruction...

PURPOSE: Distal humeral coronal shear fractures (CSF) are uncommon and may be challenging to treat due to their size, location, and intraarticular nature. The purpose of this study was to analyze treatment concepts of this rare entity in the growing age. METHODS: Based on a multi-center data analysis we retrospectively reviewed patients below 16 years of age with CSF treated at 13 high-volume pediatric trauma centers. RESULTS: Data from 51 patients with a CSF treated between 01/2012 and 12/2021 were analyzed...

Background Spastic diplegic cerebral palsy is the type that is most frequently seen in clinical settings. Spastic diplegic children have trouble maintaining their balance, gait, and gross motor function. This study investigated the effects of the Neurodevelopmental Technique (NDT) and Sensory Integration Technique (SIT) on balance, gross motor function, and gait characteristics in children with spastic diplegia. Method The study's participants were 8 to 12 years old, with spastic diplegia, categorized into stages I to III of the Gross Motor Function Classification System...

BACKGROUND: Currently, there are no standardized approaches to care or evaluation for tone dysfunction in Canada. The study authors hypothesize that there is significant practice variation across the country. This environmental scan is aimed to describe the current practice for management of paediatric patients with hypertonia across Canada. METHODS: A web-based survey was developed by the authors with a multi-disciplinary approach and sent to representative paediatric rehabilitation sites in each province in Canada...

Aicardi syndrome is a very rare neurodevelopmental disorder, inherited as an X-linked dominant condition with a triad of infantile spasm, partial or complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, and chorio-retinal "lacunae." We report a case of a female infant with the classical triad of Aicardi syndrome. A female infant presented to the Paediatric Neurology Clinic of the Federal Medical Centre Birnin-Kebbi, North-western Nigeria, at the age of two months with complaints of recurrent afebrile convulsions typical for infantile spasms...

The 55th SEPAR Congress was held in Pamplona from 2 to 4 of June 2022. Once again, it was the referral scientific meeting for specialists in pulmonology, thoracic surgery, nursing, physiotherapy, paediatric respiratory diseases and other disciplines involved in respiratory care. The Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery showed its national and international leadership in the management of respiratory diseases, which was reflected in a program with an excellent content and a high scientific level...

BACKGROUND: Patellar dislocations mainly affect adolescents and young adults. After this injury, patients are usually referred to physiotherapy for exercise-based rehabilitation. Currently, limited high-quality evidence exists to guide rehabilitation practice and treatment outcomes vary. A full-scale trial comparing different rehabilitation approaches would provide high-quality evidence to inform rehabilitation practice. Whether this full-scale trial is feasible is uncertain: the only previous trial that compared exercise-based programmes in this patient population had high loss to follow-up...

INTRODUCTION: Caring for a child with cerebral palsy may be more emotionally and physically exhausting than caring for a typical growing child. The family caregivers' perspective of this phenomenon needs exploring to facilitate the development of services. Our study explored the challenges family caregivers face with children with cerebral palsy in a resource-limited context in northern Ghana. METHODS: We conducted a qualitative study underpinned by phenomenological principles where it is believed that the reality of a phenomenon is tied to caregivers' perspectives of their own experiences...

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are conditions that are caused and/or aggravated by work. The most important reason behind work-related musculoskeletal disorder is abnormal and/or stressful position of joints while working. Physiotherapists are very much prone to develop work-related musculoskeletal disorders, especially while treating neurologically challenged patients. Postural assessment is a key to identify a person at risk of developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To identify the paediatric curriculum content covered in entry-level physiotherapy programs within the United Kingdom (UK), and report faculties perceived importance. Strengths, weaknesses, barriers and facilitators, to the implementation of paediatric content were explored. METHODS: A cross-sectional online questionnaire captured entry-level physiotherapy programme leaders' perceptions of paediatric programs. RESULTS: Fifty-five responses were submitted, providing a 67% completion rate...

INTRODUCTION: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem condition that is complicated by recurrent pulmonary infections requiring aggressive antibiotic treatment. This predisposes the patient to complications such as sensorineural hearing loss, renal impairment, hypersensitivity and the development of antibiotic resistance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the more common organisms which cause recurrent infections and result in greater morbidity and mortality in people living with CF. Bacteriophages have been identified as a potential alternative or adjunct to antibiotics...

BACKGROUND: Children with severe acquired brain injury (ABI) require early and effective neurorehabilitation provision to promote a good long-term functional outcome. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to improve motor skills for children with cerebral palsy but there is limited material supporting its use in children with ABI who have a motor disorder. OBJECTIVE: To systematically answer what the TMS intervention effects are on motor function in children with ABI as reported in the literature...

BACKGROUND: During workplace-based clinical placements, best practice assessment states students should expect consistency between assessors rating their performance. To assist clinical educators (CEs) to provide consistent assessment of physiotherapy student performance, nine paediatric vignettes depicting various standards of simulated student performance, as assessed by the Assessment of Physiotherapy Practice (APP), were developed. The APP defines adequate on the global rating scale (GRS) as the minimally acceptable standard for an entry-level physiotherapist...

PURPOSE: The aim of the study is to enhance understanding, raise awareness and inform prevention programmes regarding potential factors that lead to severe paediatric injuries caused by unintentional falls from windows. METHODS: This is a retrospective review from a major Trauma Centre, covering the majority of North West England and North Wales and included children under the age of 16 that had sustained falls from windows and were hospitalised between April 2015 and June 2020...