keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37459063/phosphorylation-of-%C3%AE-b-crystallin-involves-interleukin-1%C3%AE-mediated-intracellular-retention-in-retinal-m%C3%A3-ller-cells-a-new-mechanism-underlying-fibrovascular-membrane-formation
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taku Yamamoto, Satoru Kase, Akihiro Shinkai, Miyuki Murata, Kasumi Kikuchi, Di Wu, Yasushi Kageyama, Masami Shinohara, Tomohiko Sasase, Susumu Ishida
PURPOSE: Chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathology of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), in which biological alterations of retinal glial cells are one of the key elements. The phosphorylation of αB-crystallin/CRYAB modulates its molecular dynamics and chaperone activity, and attenuates αB-crystallin secretion via exosomes. In this study, we investigated the effect of phosphorylated αB-crystallin in retinal Müller cells on diabetic mimicking conditions, including interleukin (IL)-1β stimuli...
July 3, 2023: Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37441592/tsp-1-microglia-attenuate-retinal-neovascularization-by-maintaining-the-expression-of-smad3-in-endothelial-cells-through-exosomes-with-decreased-mir-27a-5p
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Luo, Zihua Jiang, Jingyi Jiang, Linxi Wan, Yan Li, Yuke Huang, Jin Qiu, Keming Yu, Jing Zhuang
Rationale: Microglia with a repertoire of functions are critical in pathological regulation of angiogenesis in the retina. However, retinal microglia with beneficial contributions and corresponding mechanisms during pathological neovascularization are poorly understood. Methods: We conducted a bioinformatic comparison of public single-cell RNA transcriptome data between retinal microglia from mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) and an antiangiogenic microglial population named MG3 from the spine. The essential beneficial factor thrombospondin-1 (Tsp-1) from microglia was discovered and then validated in the retina of mice with OIR at P17...
2023: Theranostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37440019/proteomics-of-retinal-extracellular-vesicles-a-review-into-an-unexplored-mechanism-in-retinal-health-and-amd-pathogenesis
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adrian V Cioanca, Riccardo Natoli, Yvette Wooff
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are nanosized delivery vehicles that participate in cell-to-cell communication through the selective transfer of molecular materials including RNA, DNA, lipids, and proteins. In the retina, the role of EV proteins is largely unclear, in part due to the lack of studies and the depth of proteomic analyses of EV cargo. This review summarizes the existing knowledge on retinal EV proteins and provides a comparative reanalysis of existing retinal EV proteomic datasets. Collective findings highlight that in homeostasis, the protein components of neural retinal and RPE-derived EV largely reflect the function of the host cells, while in disease RPE-EV protein composition becomes altered, favoring inflammatory modulation and potentially contributing to drusen formation...
2023: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37440012/decoding-race-and-age-related-macular-degeneration-gpr-143-activity-is-the-key
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dorothy Tung, Brian S McKay
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in the developed world. Caucasians are eightfold more likely to develop AMD than any other race, indicating a racial bias in AMD incidence which is unexplained. We hypothesize that pigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid protects from AMD and underlies this peculiar racial bias. We investigated GPR143, a receptor in the pigmentation pathway, which is activated by a melanin synthesis by-product, l-dopa...
2023: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37398366/polarized-desmosome-and-hemidesmosome-shedding-via-exosomes-is-an-early-indicator-of-outer-blood-retina-barrier-dysfunction
#25
Belinda J Hernandez, Nikolai P Skiba, Karolina Plößl, Madison Strain, Daniel Grigsby, Una Kelly, Martha A Cady, Vikram Manocha, Arvydas Maminishkis, TeddiJo Watkins, Sheldon S Miller, Allison Ashley-Koch, W Daniel Stamer, Bernhard H F Weber, Catherine Bowes Rickman, Mikael Klingeborn
The retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) constitutes the outer blood-retinal barrier, enables photoreceptor function of the eye, and is constantly exposed to oxidative stress. As such, dysfunction of the RPE underlies pathology leading to development of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of vision loss among the elderly in industrialized nations. A major responsibility of the RPE is to process photoreceptor outer segments, which relies on the proper functioning of its endocytic pathways and endosomal trafficking...
June 13, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37347724/the-exosome-transmitted-lncrna-loc100132249-induces-endothelial-dysfunction-in-diabetic-retinopathy
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zizhong Hu, Jingfan Wang, Ting Pan, Xinsheng Li, Chao Tao, Yan Wu, Xingxing Wang, Zhengyu Zhang, Yu Liu, Weiwei Zhang, Changlin Xu, Xinjing Wu, Qinyuan Gu, Yuanyuan Fan, Huiming Qian, Aime Mugisha, Songtao Yuan, Qinghuai Liu, Ping Xie
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the most common microangiopathic complications in diabetes mellitus, causes severe visual damage among working-age populations. Retinal vascular endothelial cells, the key cell type in DR pathogenesis, are responsible for abnormal retinal angiogenesis in advanced stages of DR. The roles of exosomes in DR have been largely unknown. In this study, we report the first evidence that exosomes derived from the vitreous humor of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR-exo) promote proliferation, migration and tube formation of human retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRVECs)...
June 22, 2023: Diabetes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37322478/young-sca-1-bone-marrow-stem-cell-derived-exosomes-preserve-visual-function-via-the-mir-150-5p-mekk3-jnk-c-jun-pathway-to-reduce-m1-microglial-polarization
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuan Wang, Wan-Yun Qin, Qi Wang, Xin-Na Liu, Xiang-Hui Li, Xin-Qi Ye, Ying Bai, Yan Zhang, Pan Liu, Xin-Lin Wang, Yu-Hang Zhou, Zheng-Bo Shao, Hui-Ping Yuan
BACKGROUND: Polarization of microglia, the resident retinal immune cells, plays important roles in mediating both injury and repair responses post-retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which is one of the main pathological mechanisms behind ganglion cell apoptosis. Aging could perturb microglial balances, resulting in lowered post-I/R retinal repair. Young bone marrow (BM) stem cell antigen 1-positive (Sca-1+ ) cells have been demonstrated to have higher reparative capabilities post-I/R retinal injury when transplanted into old mice, where they were able to home and differentiate into retinal microglia...
June 15, 2023: Journal of Nanobiotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37267885/determination-of-endogenous-trace-elements-in-extracellular-vesicles-secreted-by-an-in-vitro-model-of-human-retinal-pigment-epithelium-under-oxidative-stress-conditions-using-icp-ms
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaime Martínez-García, Beatriz Fernández, Ana Álvarez-Barrios, Lydia Álvarez, Héctor González-Iglesias, Rosario Pereiro
The determination of endogenous Fe, Cu and Zn in exosomes (<200 nm extracellular vesicles) secreted by an in vitro model of the human retinal pigment epithelium (HRPEsv cell line) was carried out by inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results for cells treated with 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH) inducing oxidative stress (OS) conditions were compared with non-treated (control) cells in order to evaluate possible differences in the metal composition between both groups...
May 22, 2023: Talanta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37240353/extracellular-vesicle-based-therapeutics-in-neuro-ophthalmic-disorders
#29
REVIEW
Hamed Massoumi, Sohil Amin, Mohammad Soleimani, Bita Momenaei, Mohammad Javad Ashraf, Victor H Guaiquil, Peiman Hematti, Mark I Rosenblatt, Ali R Djalilian, Elmira Jalilian
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as promising candidates for developing novel therapeutics for a wide range of pathologies, including ocular disorders, due to their ability to deliver a diverse array of bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, to recipient cells. Recent studies have shown that EVs derived from various cell types, including mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), retinal pigment epithelium cells, and endothelial cells, have therapeutic potential in ocular disorders, such as corneal injury and diabetic retinopathy...
May 19, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37181750/extracellular-vesicles-an-emerging-player-in-retinal-homeostasis
#30
REVIEW
Amit Chatterjee, Ruchira Singh
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) encompass secreted membrane vesicles of varied sizes, including exosomes (-30-200 nm) and microvesicles (MVs) that are ∼100-1,000 nm in size. EVs play an important role in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signaling and are implicated in myriad human disorders including prominent retinal degenerative diseases, like age related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Studies of EVs in vitro using transformed cell lines, primary cultures, and more recently, induced pluripotent stem cell derived retinal cell type(s) (e...
2023: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37175778/intraocular-pressure-lowering-and-retina-protective-effects-of-exosome-rich-conditioned-media-from-human-amniotic-membrane-stem-cells-in-a-rat-model-of-glaucoma
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hye-Rim Seong, Chan Ho Noh, Sangryong Park, Sumin Cho, Seok-Jin Hong, Ah-Young Lee, Dongho Geum, Soon-Cheol Hong, Dongsun Park, Tae Myoung Kim, Ehn-Kyoung Choi, Yun-Bae Kim
Glaucoma is one of the most devastating eye diseases, since the disease can develop into blindness and no effective therapeutics are available. Although the exact mechanisms and causes of glaucoma are unknown, increased intraocular pressure (IOP) has been demonstrated to be an important risk factor. Exosomes are lipid nanoparticles secreted from functional cells, including stem cells, and have been found to contain diverse functional molecules that control body function, inhibit inflammation, protect and regenerate cells, and restore damaged tissues...
April 29, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37111579/overcoming-treatment-challenges-in-posterior-segment-diseases-with-biodegradable-nano-based-drug-delivery-systems
#32
REVIEW
Kevin Y Wu, Maxine Joly-Chevrier, Dania Akbar, Simon D Tran
Posterior segment eye diseases present a challenge in treatment due to the complex structures in the eye that serve as robust static and dynamic barriers, limiting the penetration, residence time, and bioavailability of topical and intraocular medications. This hinders effective treatment and requires frequent dosing, such as the regular use of eye drops or visits to the ophthalmologist for intravitreal injections, to manage the disease. Moreover, the drugs must be biodegradable to minimize toxicity and adverse reactions, as well as small enough to not affect the visual axis...
March 29, 2023: Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37063422/m1-microglia-derived-exosomes-promote-activation-of-resting-microglia-and-amplifies-proangiogenic-effects-through-irf1-mir-155-5p-socs1-axis-in-the-retina
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xi Chen, Xiao Wang, Zedu Cui, Qian Luo, Zihua Jiang, Yuke Huang, Jingyi Jiang, Jin Qiu, Yan Li, Keming Yu, Jing Zhuang
Activation of microglia plays a key role in the development of neovascular retinal diseases. Therefore, it is essential to reveal its pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms to interfere with disease progression. Here a publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing dataset is used to identify that intercellular communications from M1 microglia toward M0 microglia are increased in the retinal angiogenesis model via exosomes. Moreover, the results both in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that M1 microglia-derived exosomes promote the activation and enhance the proangiogenic ability of resting microglia...
2023: International Journal of Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37056151/neuroprotective-effect-of-mesenchymal-stem-cell-derived-extracellular-vesicles-on-optic-nerve-injury-in-chronic-ocular-hypertension
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fei Yu, Yao Wang, Chang-Quan Huang, Si-Jie Lin, Ru-Xin Gao, Ren-Yi Wu
Mesenchymal stem cells have neuroprotective effects that limit damage to the retina and photoreceptors, and which may be mediated by extracellular vesicles (or exosomes) released by mesenchymal stem cells. To investigate the neuroprotective effect of extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on glaucoma, we established rat models of chronic ocular hypertension by injecting conjunctival fibroblasts into the anterior chamber to mimic optic nerve injury caused by glaucoma. One week after injury, extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells were injected into the vitreous cavity...
October 2023: Neural Regeneration Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37046324/the-molecular-mechanism-of-human-stem-cell-derived-extracellular-vesicles-in-retinal-repair-and-regeneration
#35
REVIEW
Mei Yang, Guang-Hua Peng
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles (MVs) and exosomes, play a critical role in metabolic regulation and intracellular communication. Stem cell-derived EVs are considered to have the potential for regeneration, like stem cells, while simultaneously avoiding the risk of immune rejection or tumour formation. The therapeutic effect of stem cell-derived EVs has been proven in many diseases. However, the molecular mechanism of stem cell-derived EVs in retinal repair and regeneration has not been fully clarified...
April 12, 2023: Stem Cell Research & Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37028452/mesenchymal-stem-cell-exosomes-as-nanotherapeutics-for-dry-age-related-macular-degeneration
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Tang, Yueyue Kang, Xinru Zhang, Caiyi Cheng
Oxidative stress-induced retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell damage is a major factor in the pathogenesis of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Although the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) exosomes on dry AMD has been preliminarily discussed, the underlying mechanism has yet to be reported. Here, we demonstrate that MSC exosomes, acting as a nanodrug, can effectively reduce the incidence of dry AMD by regulating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. In the in vitro study, MSC exosomes relieved the damage of ARPE-19 cells, suppressed the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), decreased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and upregulated the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD)...
May 2023: Journal of Controlled Release
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36942311/exosomes-incorporated-with-black-phosphorus-quantum-dots-attenuate-retinal-angiogenesis-via-disrupting-glucose-metabolism
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Gui, Haorui Zhang, Rui Zhang, Qing Li, Weiye Zhu, Zheng Nie, Jiawei Zhao, Xiao Cui, Weiju Hao, Xudong Wen, Wei Shen, Hongyuan Song
Black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) have shown potential in tumor therapy, however, their anti-angiogenic functions have not been studied. Although BPQDs are easily degraded to non-toxic phosphrous, the reported toxicity, poor stability, and non-selectivity largely limit their further application in medicine. In this study, a vascular targeting, biocompatible, and cell metabolism-disrupting nanoplatform is engineered by incorporating BPQDs into exosomes modified with the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide (BPQDs@RGD-EXO nanospheres, BREs)...
April 2023: Materials today. Bio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36937621/exosome-mediated-inhibition-of-microrna-449a-promotes-the-amplification-of-mouse-retinal-progenitor-cells-and-enhances-their-transplantation-in-retinal-degeneration-mouse-models
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chen Jun Guo, Xiu Li Cao, Yu Fei Zhang, Kang Yi Yue, Jing Han, Hong Yan, Hua Han, Min Hua Zheng
Inherited and age-related retinal degenerations are the commonest causes of blindness without effective treatments. Retinal progenitor cells (RPCs), which have the multipotency to differentiate into various retinal cell types, are regarded as a promising source of cell transplantation therapy for retinal degenerative diseases. However, the self-limited expansion of RPCs causes difficulty in cell source supply and restrict its clinical treatment. In this work, we found that inhibition of microRNA-449a (miR-449a) in RPCs can promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of RPCs, partially through upregulating Notch signaling...
March 14, 2023: Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36926702/extracellular-vesicles-as-a-potential-therapeutic-for-age-related-macular-degeneration
#39
REVIEW
Lorraine L C Chow, Ben Mead
Age-related macular degeneration is a major global cause of central visual impairment and severe vision loss. With an aging population, the already immense economic burden of costly anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment is likely to increase. In addition, current conventional treatment is only available for the late neovascular stage of age-related macular degeneration, and injections can come with potentially devastating complications, introducing the need for more economical and risk-free treatment...
September 2023: Neural Regeneration Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36761297/research-progress-of-exosomes-in-pathogenesis-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-ocular-diseases
#40
REVIEW
Xinting Feng, Zhen Peng, Lingyi Yuan, Ming Jin, Haijian Hu, Xin Peng, Yaohua Wang, Chun Zhang, Zhiwen Luo, Hongfei Liao
Exosomes are natural extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm, which exist in biological fluids and contain biomolecules related to the parent cell, such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc. It has a wide range of biological functions, and participates in the regulation of important physiological and pathological activities of the body. It can be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis of ocular diseases, a potential therapeutic target, a targeted drug carrier, and has a high potential for clinical application...
2023: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
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