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Keywords embryonic lethality before imp...

embryonic lethality before implantation

https://read.qxmd.com/read/18769712/wdr55-is-a-nucleolar-modulator-of-ribosomal-rna-synthesis-cell-cycle-progression-and-teleost-organ-development
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Norimasa Iwanami, Tomokazu Higuchi, Yumi Sasano, Toshinobu Fujiwara, Vu Q Hoa, Minoru Okada, Sadiqur R Talukder, Sanae Kunimatsu, Jie Li, Fumi Saito, Chitralekha Bhattacharya, Angabin Matin, Takashi Sasaki, Nobuyoshi Shimizu, Hiroshi Mitani, Heinz Himmelbauer, Akihiro Momoi, Hisato Kondoh, Makoto Furutani-Seiki, Yousuke Takahama
The thymus is a vertebrate-specific organ where T lymphocytes are generated. Genetic programs that lead to thymus development are incompletely understood. We previously screened ethylnitrosourea-induced medaka mutants for recessive defects in thymus development. Here we report that one of those mutants is caused by a missense mutation in a gene encoding the previously uncharacterized protein WDR55 carrying the tryptophan-aspartate-repeat motif. We find that WDR55 is a novel nucleolar protein involved in the production of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)...
August 29, 2008: PLoS Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16510221/analysis-of-reproductive-toxicity-and-classification-of-glufosinate-ammonium
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rolf Schulte-Hermann, Gerald N Wogan, Colin Berry, Nigel A Brown, Andrew Czeizel, Erminio Giavini, Lewis B Holmes, Robert Kroes, Heinz Nau, Diether Neubert, Franz Oesch, Tilmann Ott, Olavi Pelkonen, Elisabeth Robert-Gnansia, Frank M Sullivan
CONCLUSION REGARDING CLASSIFICATION OF GLUFOSINATE-AMMONIUM: Science Partners' Evaluation Group (Evaluation Group) has conducted an independent analysis of the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium (GA) relative to its potential to cause reproductive toxicity in humans. Further, the Evaluation Group has evaluated the implementation of Annex 6 of Commission Directive 2001/59/EC (28th ATP of Council Directive 67/548/EEC) and Council Directive 91/414/EEC, with respect to classification of chemicals posing potential reproductive hazards...
April 2006: Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology: RTP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16418220/desmocollin-3-is-required-for-pre-implantation-development-of-the-mouse-embryo
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhining Den, Xing Cheng, Maria Merched-Sauvage, Peter J Koch
Desmocollin 3 (Dsc3) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the cadherin family of cell adhesion receptors. Together with desmoglein(s), it forms the transmembrane core of desmosomes, a multiprotein complex involved in cell adhesion, organization of the cytoskeleton, cell sorting and cell signaling. Previous reports have suggested that Dsc3 synthesis is largely restricted to stratified epithelia, and that it plays a role in the proper differentiation of these tissues during mammalian embryonic development...
February 1, 2006: Journal of Cell Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/16414015/impaired-expression-of-importin-karyopherin-beta1-leads-to-post-implantation-lethality
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katsutaka Miura, Kumiko Yoshinobu, Takashi Imaizumi, Kyoko Haruna, Yoichi Miyamoto, Yoshihiro Yoneda, Naomi Nakagata, Masatake Araki, Taihei Miyakawa, Ken-ichi Yamamura, Kimi Araki
Importin beta1 (Impbeta)/karyopherin beta1 (Kpnb1) mediates the nuclear import of a large variety of substrates. This study aimed to investigate the requirement for the Kpnb1 gene in mouse development, using a gene trap line, B6-CB-Ayu8108(GtgeoIMEG) (Ayu8108(geo)), in which the trap vector was inserted into the promoter region of the Kpnb1 gene, but in reverse orientation of the Kpnb1 gene. Ayu8108(geo/geo) homozygous embryos could develop to the blastocyst stage, but died before embryonic day 5.5, and expression of the Kpnb1 gene in homozygous blastocysts was undetectable...
March 3, 2006: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/15736129/six-post-implantation-lethal-knockouts-of-genes-for-lipophilic-mapk-pathway-proteins-are-expressed-in-preimplantation-mouse-embryos-and-trophoblast-stem-cells
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yufen Xie, Yingchun Wang, Tong Sun, Fangfei Wang, Anna Trostinskaia, Elizabeth Puscheck, Daniel A Rappolee
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play an important role in controlling embryonic proliferation and differentiation. It has been demonstrated that sequential lipophilic signal transduction mediators that participate in the MAPK pathway are null post-implantation lethal. It is not clear why the lethality of these null mutants arises after implantation and not before. One hypothesis is that the gene product of these post-implantation lethal null mutants are not present before implantation in normal embryos and do not have function until after implantation...
May 2005: Molecular Reproduction and Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11865068/activating-transcription-factor-1-and-creb-are-important-for-cell-survival-during-early-mouse-development
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Susanne C Bleckmann, Julie A Blendy, Dorothea Rudolph, A Paula Monaghan, Wolfgang Schmid, Günther Schütz
Activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1), CREB, and the cyclic AMP (cAMP) response element modulatory protein (CREM), which constitute a subfamily of the basic leucine zipper transcription factors, activate gene expression by binding as homo- or heterodimers to the cAMP response element in regulatory regions of target genes. To investigate the function of ATF1 in vivo, we inactivated the corresponding gene by homologous recombination. In contrast to CREB-deficient mice, which suffer from perinatal lethality, mice lacking ATF1 do not exhibit any discernible phenotypic abnormalities...
March 2002: Molecular and Cellular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11118326/nonredundant-roles-of-the-elongation-factor-men-in-postimplantation-development
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Mitani, T Yamagata, C Iida, H Oda, K Maki, M Ichikawa, T Asai, H Honda, M Kurokawa, H Hirai
The MEN/ELL gene was cloned as a fusion partner of the MLL gene in the t(11;19)(q23;p13.1) translocation, which is found in adult myeloid leukemia. MEN belongs to a family of RNA polymerase II elongation factors and dysregulated production of MEN through the MLL promoter could cause malignant transformation of myeloid cells. To pursue the physiological role and determine the requirement of the MEN gene product in mouse development, we generated knockout mice (MEN-/-) by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells...
December 20, 2000: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10727259/a-role-for-hepatocyte-growth-factor-during-early-postimplantation-growth-of-the-placental-lineage-in-mice
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y Patel, H Kim, D A Rappolee
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is implicated in placental development; hgfr and hgf null mutant embryos develop placental insufficiency and lethality at 11.5 days (E11.5) after fertilization. The function of HGF in placentation at implantation (E4.5) has not been studied. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we detected HGF receptor (HGFR) mRNA in preimplantation embryos and in cultured blastocyst outgrowths. HGFR protein was detected in trophoblast cells in blastocyst outgrowths. HGF mRNA was not detected at these stages but was detected in the uterus at E5...
April 2000: Biology of Reproduction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10092065/developmental-abnormalities-of-glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor-deficient-embryos-revealed-by-cre-loxp-system
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Nozaki, K Ohishi, N Yamada, T Kinoshita, A Nagy, J Takeda
One mode used to link membrane proteins to a cell membrane is by means of a special glycolipid anchor termed glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI). Pig-a, an X-linked gene, is involved in the first step of GPI-anchor biosynthesis. Disruption of this gene causes cessation of GPI biosynthesis on the endoplasmic reticulum, thereby leading to the absence of GPI-anchored proteins on the cell surface. We have previously reported that mice with high chimerism was never obtained from Pig-a disrupted ES cells, suggesting that GPI-anchored protein(s) may have important roles for mouse development such that the absence of GPI-anchored proteins causes a lethal effect to mice...
March 1999: Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/9806499/a-murine-ap-endonuclease-gene-targeted-deficiency-with-post-implantation-embryonic-progression-and-ionizing-radiation-sensitivity
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D L Ludwig, M A MacInnes, Y Takiguchi, P E Purtymun, M Henrie, M Flannery, J Meneses, R A Pedersen, D J Chen
Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (here designated APE/REF) carries out repair incision at abasic or single-strand break damages in mammals. This multifunctional protein also has putative role(s) as a cysteine 'reducing factor' (REF) in cell-stress transcriptional responses. To assess the significance of APE/REF for embryonic teratogenesis we constructed a more precisely targeted Ape/Ref-deficient genotype in mice. Ape/Ref gene replacement in ES cells eliminated the potential of APE/REF protein synthesis while retaining the Ape/Ref bi-directional promoter that avoided potential inactivation of an upstream gene...
October 21, 1998: Mutation Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/9731712/insulin-like-growth-factor-i-affects-perinatal-lethality-and-postnatal-development-in-a-gene-dosage-dependent-manner-manipulation-using-the-cre-loxp-system-in-transgenic-mice
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J L Liu, A Grinberg, H Westphal, B Sauer, D Accili, M Karas, D LeRoith
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is essential for cell growth, differentiation and postnatal development. A null mutation in igf-1 causes intrauterine growth retardation and perinatal lethality. The present study was designed to test the lower limit of igf-1 gene dosage that ensures survival and postnatal growth by using the Cre/loxP system. Mice with variable reductions in IGF-I levels were generated by crossing EIIa-cre transgenic mice and mice with loxP-flanked igf-1 locus (igf-1/flox). EIIa-cre mice express bacteriophage P1 Cre (causes recombination) recombinase under the adenovirus promoter EIIa, during early embryonic development before implantation, and cause genomic recombination of the igf-1/flox locus...
September 1998: Molecular Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/9489572/prenatal-survival-of-mouse-embryos-irradiated-in-utero-with-fission-neutrons-or-250-kv-x-rays-during-the-two-cell-stage-of-development
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W Friedberg, D N Faulkner, B R Neas, E B Darden, D E Parker, G D Hanneman
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between radiation dose at the two-cell stage and prenatal survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pregnant mice were irradiated with fast neutrons (0.53-1.94 Gy) or X-rays (1.50-5.00 Gy), or sham irradiated. At selected times up to gestation day 16, the mice were killed and the uterine contents examined. RESULTS: At doses up to 0.82 Gy of neutrons and 2.50 Gy of X-rays, all or virtually all the radiation-induced deaths occurred during the period from the time of implantation to gestation day 10...
February 1998: International Journal of Radiation Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/9441552/-exposure-to-radioactive-iodine-in-pregnancy-significance-for-mother-and-child
#33
REVIEW
E Ogris
The embryonal stage in mammalians is characterized by a quick proliferation and differentiation of cells. The special features of this stage of development in all living beings is therefore an increased sensitivity for the exposure with ionizing radiation. Radiation exposure during the prenatal development can therefore lead to various impairments, which can be short-termed or long-termed, showing effects even in the postnatal period. The pattern of radiation induced effects is dependent upon the radiation dose on the one hand and upon the stage of fetal development when radiation exposure occurs on the other hand...
1997: Acta Medica Austriaca
https://read.qxmd.com/read/9159106/early-embryonic-lethality-caused-by-targeted-disruption-of-the-mouse-selenocysteine-trna-gene-trsp
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M R Bösl, K Takaku, M Oshima, S Nishimura, M M Taketo
Selenoprotein biosynthesis is mediated by tRNASec, which inserts selenocysteine at UGA codons in a complex, context-specific manner. This opal suppressor serves in the conversion of serine to selenocysteine as well. The mouse tRNASec gene (Trsp) maps to a proximal segment of chromosome 7. We constructed mice carrying a targeted deletion of the Trsp gene. The heterozygous mutants were viable, fertile, and appeared normal. Although the level of tRNASec was reduced to about 50%-80% of the wild type in most organs, one of the selenoproteins, glutathione peroxidase, remained unaffected in the levels of its mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity, indicating that the haploid amount of tRNASec is not limiting in its biosynthesis...
May 27, 1997: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/8458579/a-null-c-myc-mutation-causes-lethality-before-10-5-days-of-gestation-in-homozygotes-and-reduced-fertility-in-heterozygous-female-mice
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A C Davis, M Wims, G D Spotts, S R Hann, A Bradley
To directly assess c-myc function in cellular proliferation, differentiation, and embryogenesis, we have used homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells to generate both heterozygous and homozygous c-myc mutant ES cell lines. The mutation is a null allele at the protein level. Mouse chimeras from seven heterozygous cell lines transmitted the mutant allele to their offspring. The analysis of embryos from two clones has shown that the mutation is lethal in homozygotes between 9.5 and 10.5 days of gestation...
April 1993: Genes & Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/7958869/targeted-disruption-of-the-even-skipped-gene-evx1-causes-early-postimplantation-lethality-of-the-mouse-conceptus
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D D Spyropoulos, M R Capecchi
Implantation within the mammalian uterus elicits dramatic changes in the growth, differentiation, and morphogenesis of the conceptus. This process is interrupted in mice carrying a targeted disruption of the murine evx1 gene, a homolog of the Drosophila even-skipped (eve) gene. Upon implantation, presumptive evx1- homozygotes elicit a decidual response, invade the uterine epithelium, and attach to the basement membrane between uterine stroma and epithelium, but fail to differentiate extraembryonic tissues or to form egg cylinders prior to resorption...
August 15, 1994: Genes & Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/7732578/death-before-birth-clues-from-gene-knockouts-and-mutations
#37
REVIEW
A J Copp
A survey of mouse gene knockouts, transgene insertions and spontaneous mutations that are lethal prenatally reveals that surprisingly few developmental disturbances lead to death of the embryo and early foetus. These disturbances include failure to establish and maintain a vascular circulation, and failure to make the transition from yolk-sac-based to liver-based haematopoiesis. The embryo must also establish gestation-dependent routes of nutritional interaction with the mother, including implantation, formation of a yolk-sac vascular circulation, and formation of a chorioallantoic placenta...
March 1995: Trends in Genetics: TIG
https://read.qxmd.com/read/6788647/-demonstration-of-dominant-lethal-mutations-in-early-mouse-embryogenesis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kh Kh Semenov, A M Malashenko
Male mice of C57Bl/6Y strain were injected intraperitoneally with 2.5 and 5 mg/kg doses of thioTEPA. Males were mated to tetrahybrid CBWA females during the second week after the treatment. Embryonic mortality was studied by two methods: by standard dominant lethal method on the 15-17th day of pregnancy and cytologically on the 4th day. The rate of fertilization was not affected by thioTEPA. After treatment with 2.5 mg/kg of thioTEPA the frequency of induced dominant lethals was 89.8%; preimplantation losses were 78,5% in treated and 13,8% in control group...
1981: Genetika
https://read.qxmd.com/read/6727905/evaluation-of-chemically-induced-cytogenetic-lesions-in-rabbit-oocytes-iii-a-postimplantation-analysis-of-streptonigrin-effects
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R J DuFrain, L G Littlefield, W D Morrison, V D Huff, D Hutton
The frequency of consistent structural chromosome aberrations was determined for 108 fetuses (day 14 of gestation) from 20 female rabbits treated before conception with 90 micrograms/kg of streptonigrin (NSC-45383). The findings by karyotype analysis of 1.85% of the fetuses with consistent aberrations was compared with 6.32% frequency previously observed in 6-day (preimplantation) blastocysts from identically treated females and found to be significantly reduced. The interpretation of the findings is that the developmental events of implantation and placentation are effective in eliminating from further gestation the majority of the rabbit conceptuses with consistent structural chromosome abnormalities...
June 1984: Mutation Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/3982440/discrimination-between-the-effects-of-x-ray-irradiation-of-the-mouse-oocyte-and-uterus-on-the-induction-of-dominant-lethals-and-congenital-anomalies
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J D West, K M Kirk, Y Goyder, M F Lyon
In order to test whether irradiation of the postimplantation maternal environment had any effect on the apparent induction of dominant lethals or congenital anomalies by radiation, preimplantation embryos were surgically transferred between females which had been irradiated before conception or left untreated. A high proportion of preimplantation embryos, collected from females that had been irradiated 15-21 days prior to conception with 3.6 Gy X-rays, were either arrested or developmentally retarded compared with those collected from untreated females...
April 1985: Mutation Research
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