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REVIEW
Xi Li, Yangjun Yang, Xiaoyu Shi, Zhe Zhang, Shuzhe Ding
The communication between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is facilitated by a dynamic membrane structure formed by protein complexes known as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). The structural and functional integrity of MAMs is crucial for insulin signal transduction, relying heavily on their regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis, lipid homeostasis, mitochondrial quality control, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). This article reviews recent research findings, suggesting that exercise may promote the remodeling of MAMs structure and function by modulating the expression of molecules associated with their structure and function...
March 11, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
#22
REVIEW
Grzegorz K Jakubiak
Cardiac troponin serum concentration is the primary marker used for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. Moreover, the measurement of cardiac troponin concentration is important for risk stratification in patients with pulmonary embolism. The cardiac troponin level is also a general marker of myocardial damage, regardless of etiology. The purpose of this study is to conduct a literature review and present the most important information regarding the current state of knowledge on the cardiac troponin serum concentration in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as on the relationships between cardiac troponin serum concentration and features of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Personalized Medicine
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aryoung Kim, Danbee Kang, Sung Chul Choi, Juhee Cho, Dong Hyun Sinn, Geum-Youn Gwak
BACKGROUND & AIMS: A new nomenclature, Steatotic Liver Disease (SLD), has been proposed by consensus with sub-classifications and requires evidence-based validation. We assessed whether the presence and severity of SLD, as well as its sub-classifications, are associated with the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study included 13,811 adults who participated in repeated regular health screening examinations between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2021 that included assessments of their coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores...
2024: PloS One
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dong Li, Song Shou Mao, Matthew J Budoff
UNLABELLED: We evaluated the relationship of bone mineral density (BMD) by computed tomography (CT), to predict fractures in a multi-ethnic population. We demonstrated that vertebral and hip fractures were more likely in those patients with low BMD. This is one of the first studies to demonstrate that CT BMD derived from thoracic vertebrae can predict future hip and vertebral fractures. PURPOSE/INTRODUCTION: Osteoporosis affects an enormous number of patients, of all races and both sexes, and its prevalence increases as the population ages...
March 22, 2024: Osteoporosis International
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rafael Escate, Teresa Padró, Leopoldo Pérez de Isla, Francisco Fuentes, Rodrigo Alonso, Pedro Mata, Lina Badimon
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a clinic characteristic of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Coronary calcium score (CCS) is a highly used imaging modality to evidence atherosclerotic plaque burden. microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that epigenetically regulate gene expression. Here, we investigated whether CCS associates with a specific miRNA-signature in FH-patients. METHODS: Patients with genetic diagnosis of FH (N = 86) from the nationwide SAFEHEART-cohort were investigated by computed tomography angiography imaging and classified depending on the presence of coronary calcification in FH-CCS (+) and FH-CCS (-) groups by the Agatston score...
March 8, 2024: Atherosclerosis
#26
EDITORIAL
Alexander C Razavi, Paolo Raggi, Seamus P Whelton
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 8, 2024: Atherosclerosis
#27
REVIEW
Fengling Chen, Ziyu He, Chengming Wang, Jiajia Si, Zhu Chen, Yuan Guo
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of diseases that primarily affect the heart or blood vessels, with high disability and mortality rates, posing a serious threat to human health. The causative factors, pathogenesis, and characteristics of common CVD differ, but they all involve common pathological processes such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. S100A9 belongs to the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, which are mainly secreted by myeloid cells and bind to the Toll-like receptor 4 and receptor for advanced glycation end products and is involved in regulating pathological processes such as inflammatory response, fibrosis, vascular calcification, and endothelial barrier function in CVD...
March 19, 2024: Cell Proliferation
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tong Yin, Han Zhang, Xingfang Liu, Dongfeng Wei, Cong Ren, Liangyu Cui, Yukun Li, Linshuang Wang, Jiaheng Wang, Zhiwei Zhao, Dasheng Liu, Liying Wang, Xuejie Han
Background: With the increasing global prevalence of hypertension, a condition that can severely affect multiple organs, there is a growing need for effective treatment options. Uncaria rhynchophylla-Alisma plantago-aquatica L. (UR-AP) is a traditional drug pair used for treating hypertension based on the liver-kidney synergy concept. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain unclear. Methods: This study utilized an integrative approach combining network pharmacology, cluster analysis, and molecular docking to uncover the bioactive components and targets of UR-AP in the treatment of hypertension...
2024: Frontiers in Chemistry
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Wu, Xiang-Jun Kong, Ying-Ying Ji, Jun Fan, Cheng-Cheng Ji, Xu-Miao Chen, Yue-Dong Ma, An-Li Tang, Yun-Jiu Cheng, Su-Hua Wu
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent arrhythmic condition resulting in increased stroke risk and is associated with high mortality. Electrolyte imbalance can increase the risk of AF, where the relationship between AF and serum electrolytes remains unclear. METHODS: A total of 15,792 individuals were included in the observational study, with incident AF ascertainment in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. The Cox regression models were applied to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for AF based on different serum electrolyte levels...
March 16, 2024: BMC Genomics
#30
REVIEW
Hayam Ahmed Hebah, Hadeer Moamen Kamel, Islam Mahmoud Bastawy, Fatma Abdelrahman Ahmed
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular calcification is a pervasive issue throughout chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Autophagy, a fundamental cellular process, exerts significant influence on various cardiac pathologies, including arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, heart failure, and notably, valvular, and vascular calcifications. Beclin-1, a crucial eukaryotic protein, plays a major regulatory role in autophagy as part of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) complex. Recent evidence suggests a protective role for Beclin-1-mediated autophagy in CKD vascular calcification, raising its potential as a novel therapeutic target in this context...
March 14, 2024: Current Problems in Cardiology
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
R T Short, F Lin, S Nair, J G Terry, J J Carr, N R Kandula, D Lloyd-Jones, A M Kanaya
BACKGROUND: South Asian individuals have high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Some investigators suggest smaller coronary artery size may be partially responsible. METHODS: We compared the left anterior descending (LAD) artery cross-sectional area (CSA) (lumen and arterial wall) among South Asians in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study with White and Black participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, adjusting for BMI, height, and other ASCVD risk factors...
March 14, 2024: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raman Puri, Manish Bansal, Vimal Mehta, P Barton Duell, Nathan D Wong, S S Iyengar, Dinesh Kalra, Devaki R Nair, Navin C Nanda, Jagat Narula, P Deedwania, Jamal Yusuf, Jamshed J Dalal, Sadanand Shetty, Vinod M Vijan, Rajeev Agarwala, Soumitra Kumar, Kris Vijay, Aziz Khan, Gurpreet Singh Wander, P C Manoria, S K Wangnoo, Viswanathan Mohan, Shashank R Joshi, Balbir Singh, Prafulla Kerkar, Rajesh Rajput, D Prabhakar, Abdul Hamid Zargar, Banshi Saboo, Ravi R Kasliwal, Saumitra Ray, Sandeep Bansal, M U Rabbani, Shibba Takkar Chhabra, Sarat Chandra, Neil Bardoloi, Narasaraju Kavalipati, Immaneni Sathyamurthy, Kunal Mahajan, Akshya Pradhan, N N Khanna, Rajesh Khadgawat, Preeti Gupta, Milan C Chag, Ashu Gupta, A Murugnathan, S N Narasingan, Sundeep Upadhyaya, Vinod Mittal, Rashida Patanwala Melinkeri, Madhur Yadav, M Raseed Mubarak, K K Pareek, Pradeep Kumar Dabla, Rashmi Nanda, J C Mohan
OBJECTIVE: In 2016, the Lipid Association of India (LAI) developed a cardiovascular risk assessment algorithm and defined low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in Indians. The recent refinements in the role of various risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis in prediction of ASCVD risk necessitated updating the risk algorithm and treatment goals. METHODS: The LAI core committee held twenty-one meetings and webinars from June 2022 to July 2023 with experts across India and critically reviewed the latest evidence regarding the strategies for ASCVD risk prediction and the benefits and modalities for intensive lipid lowering...
February 8, 2024: Journal of Clinical Lipidology
#33
REVIEW
Zachary M Visinoni, Daniel L Jurewitz, Dean J Kereiakes, Richard Shlofmitz, Evan Shlofmitz, Ziad Ali, Jonathan Hill, Michael S Lee
Coronary artery calcification (CAC) severity is associated with increased vessel inflammation, atherosclerosis, stent failure, and risk of percutaneous coronary intervention-related complications. Current modalities for CAC modification include atherectomy techniques (rotational, orbital, and laser) and balloon modification (cutting and scoring). However, these methods are limited by their risk of slow flow/no reflow, coronary dissection, perforation, and myocardial infarction. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) emits high-energy sonic waves that induce calcium fractures within a target lesion to improve vessel compliance for stent placement...
March 3, 2024: Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine: Including Molecular Interventions
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachad Ghazal, Danish Bawa, Adnan Ahmed, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy, Vasvi Singh
Our study presents a case of angina with a zero calcium score yet severe coronary stenosis from noncalcified plaque. We highlight the limitation of otherwise prognostically powerful coronary calcium score as a singular predictive tool especially when used in symptomatic patients.
March 6, 2024: JACC. Case reports
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Semih Sağlık, Necip Nas
BACKGROUND: Acute inflammation induced by COVID-19 may lead to atherosclerotic plaque development or complicate existing plaque. In this study, we aimed to determine the atherogenic effect of COVID-19 pneumonia, confirmed by thoracic computed tomography, on coronary and carotid arteries in patients who recovered from the disease. METHODS: Our study included patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 in our hospital at least 1 year ago, recovered, and then underwent coronary CT angiography with suspected coronary artery disease...
March 7, 2024: Current medical imaging
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Josephine Warren, Andris Ellims, Jason Bloom, Nigel Sutherland, Philip Lew, Helen Kavnoudias, Sarang Paleri, Dion Stub, Andrew Taylor
OBJECTIVE: Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) permits both qualitative and quantitative analysis of atherosclerotic plaque and may be a suitable risk modifier in assessing patients at intermediate risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We sought to determine the association of plaque components with long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in asymptomatic intermediate-risk patients, compared with conventional coronary artery calcium (CAC) score. METHODS: 100 intermediate-risk patients underwent double-blinded CCTA...
March 8, 2024: Open Heart
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James H Thierer, Ombretta Foresti, Pradeep Kumar Yadav, Meredith H Wilson, Tabea O C Moll, Meng-Chieh Shen, Elisabeth M Busch-Nentwich, Margaret Morash, Karen L Mohlke, John F Rawls, Vivek Malhotra, M Mahmood Hussain, Steven A Farber
Vertebrates transport hydrophobic triglycerides through the circulatory system by packaging them within amphipathic particles called Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins. Yet, it remains largely unknown how triglycerides are loaded onto these particles. Mutations in Phospholipase A2 group 12B (PLA2G12B) are known to disrupt lipoprotein homeostasis, but its mechanistic role in this process remains unclear. Here we report that PLA2G12B channels lipids within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum into nascent lipoproteins...
March 7, 2024: Nature Communications
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinlin Liu, Shifang Xu, Bin Gao, Meng Yuan, Li Zhong, Rui Guo
Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the exact mechanism by which diabetes contributes to vascular damage is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SUMO-1 mediated SERCA2a SUMOylation in the development of atherosclerotic vascular injury associated with diabetes mellitus. ApoE-/- mice were treated with streptozotocin (STZ) injection combined with high-fat feeding to simulate diabetic atherosclerosis and vascular injury. Human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HAVSMCs) were treated with high glucose (HG, 33...
March 5, 2024: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amier Haidar, Preethi Srikanthan, Karol Watson, Matthew Allison, Richard Kronmal, Tamara Horwich
BACKGROUND: The associations of body composition components, including muscle and adipose tissue, and markers of subclinical coronary artery disease are unclear. We examined the relationship between abdominal CT-derived measures of the area and density of fat and muscle with coronary artery calcification (CAC), using data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). METHODS: A randomly selected total of 1,974 MESA participants free of coronary heart disease underwent abdominal CT scans at exams 2 or 3, with the resulting images interrogated for abdominal body composition...
March 1, 2024: American Journal of Cardiology
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhao Gao, Chao Yang, Guangwei Zeng, Ming Lin, Wei Li, Mengna Sun, Yantao Zhang, Beibei Fan, Yogesh Kumar, Kun Yan
Atherosclerosis, a multifaceted and persistent inflammatory condition, significantly contributes to the progression of cardiocerebrovascular disorders, such as myocardial infarctions and cerebrovascular accidents. It involves the accumulation of cholesterol, fatty deposits, calcium and cellular debris in the walls of arteries, leading to the formation of plaques. Our aim is to investigate the potential of sinomenine to counteract atherosclerosis in mice lacking Apolipoprotein E (ApoE-/-) Mice. We employed the high-fat diet-induced method to induce atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, and the mice were treated with sinomenine (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg) and simvastatin (0...
March 2, 2024: Inflammopharmacology
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