Tumor, oncosurgery

Phosphorescence is considered one of the non-invasive glioblastoma testing methods based on studying molecular energy and the metabolism of L-tryptophan (Trp) through KP, which provides essential information on regulating immunity and neuronal function. This study aimed to conduct a feasibility study using phosphorescence in clinical oncology as an early prognostic test in detecting Glioblastoma. This study was conducted on 1039 patients who were operated on with follow-up between January 1, 2014, and December 1, 2022, and retrospectively evaluated in participating institutions in Ukraine (the Department of Oncology, Radiation Therapy, Oncosurgery, and Palliative Care at the Kharkiv National Medical University)...

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the scalp is the second most common non-melanoma cancer of the skin. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma on the scalp is on the rise, but the intracranial extension is rare. Cranial invasion is rare in SCC of the scalp, but when present, it is associated with a poor prognosis. A 62-year-old female presented with complaints of swelling over the back of her scalp for three months, which rapidly increased in size. She also had a throbbing headache, alopecia in that area, and multiple episodes of pustules in that area...

Introduction Patients who have surgery late in the week could potentially receive different postoperative care due to a reduced weekend staff compared to patients who have surgery early in the week, who will be cared for by a full staff during the work week. Our aim was to determine if patients who underwent robotic-assisted video-thoracoscopic (RAVT) pulmonary lobectomy during the first half of the week had different outcomes than patients who also underwent RAVT pulmonary lobectomy during the second half of the week...

Head and neck carcinoma can prompt destroying cosmetic and functional deformities with resultant mental, physical and nourishing burden. Regardless of ongoing advances in medication and surgical procedure, the general endurance for patients with head and neck malignant growth has stayed still for as long as 35 years. This endurance rate has prompted the foundation of the standards of tumor extraction with most extreme tissue saving and more up to date endoscopic laser-helped methods for auto-digestive region malignant growths targeting diminishing operational morbidity without influencing the general endurance...

Multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMT) can be defined as more than two different tumors synchronously or metachronously forming in the same organ or different organs. The incidence of MPMTs varies dramatically between antemortem and postmortem examinations, becoming a serious medical issue. Evidence shows that the overall incidence of MPMTs is between 2.4% and 17%. Double primary malignancy (DPM) is considered the most common type of MPMT. In this case series, we present three cases of MPMT. The first case involved the colon and the breast, the second case involved the colon and the kidney, and the third case involved rectum and kidney...

The problem of analysis of clinical - diagnostic and biochemical criteria of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in abdominal oncosurgery, depending on the degree and structure of disorders, remains unresolved, which determines its relevance. The role of 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate is essential, because its increase in the concentration of red blood cells in hypoxic conditions is one of the adaptive mechanisms that improve oxygen transport to tissues. Purpose. The influence of the dynamics of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate content, as the main indicator of hypoxia, on the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction in the postoperative period in patients with neoplasms of the abdominal cavity...

OBJECT: This study aimed to retrospectively assess dexamethasone utility in pediatric CNS tumor patients over a 10-year period, to better understand dosing variability, and highlight optimal practice. METHODS: All pediatric CNS tumor cases managed operatively for a 10-year period at a single center were reviewed. Information was gathered on demographics, dexamethasone doses, course durations, weaning regimes, PPI co-prescription, adverse events, and route of administration...

Laryngeal carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the upper respiratory tract. Total laryngectomy provides complete and permanent detachment of the upper and lower airways that causes the loss of voice, leading to a patient's inability to verbally communicate in the postoperative period. This paper aims to exploit modern areas of deep learning research to objectively classify, extract and measure the substitution voicing after laryngeal oncosurgery from the audio signal. We propose using well-known convolutional neural networks (CNNs) applied for image classification for the analysis of voice audio signal...

Introduction: Primary cardiac tumors are a rare condition presenting with a variety of symptoms. The outcomes of their surgical treatment in the modern era from central Europe have not been recently reported. Aim: To evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of the cardiac tumor operations at our department throughout the last 20 years. Material and methods: This was a retrospective analysis of all primary cardiac tumor operations performed at our institution between 2000 and 2020...

Cardiological patients with malignant tumors belong to a complex category of patients. We present the world's first case of simultaneous surgical treatment of severe mitral valve disease and esophageal cancer. The patient underwent simultaneous replacement of the mitral valve and the Ivor-Lewis procedure using right thoracotomy and upper midline laparotomy. The patient underwent 3 courses of chemotherapy (paclitaxel and 5-fluoroucil). Follow-up for 8 months showed no signs of tumor recurrence or cardiac problems...

OBJECTIVES: The development of compact diagnostic probes and instruments with an ability to direct access to organs and tissues and integration of these instruments into surgical workflows is an important task of modern physics and medicine. The need for such tools is essential for surgical oncology, where intraoperative visualization and demarcation of tumor margins define further prognosis and survival of patients. In this paper, the possible solution for this intraoperative imaging problem is proposed and its feasibility to detect tumorous tissue is studied experimentally...

Several studies have investigated the hypothesis of the efficacy of regional anesthesia (RA) techniques in preventing cancer recurrence when used perioperatively during oncological surgeries. Although theoretically, the association appears beneficial, the patient outcomes after cancer surgeries with or without RA were comparable, that is, the use of RA did not improve patient survival or prevent cancer recurrence after surgery. Another problem with this data is its retrospective nature which makes its interpretation difficult...

Fluorescence-guided surgery is an emerging and promising operative adjunct to assist the surgeon in various aspects of oncosurgery, ranging from assessing perfusion, identification, and characterization of tumors and peritoneal metastases, mapping of lymph nodes/leaks, and assistance for fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS). This study aims to provide an overview of principles, currently available dyes, platforms, and surgical applications and summarizes the available literature on the utility of FGS with a focus on abdomino-thoracic malignancies...

Malignant head and neck tumors belong among common diseases and their incidence constantly rises. In the Czech Republic, the proportional representation of orofacial tumors ranges around 2% of the total number of malignancies. Rational treatment of these tumors is complex and long. In the course of therapeutic planning, you have to consider the age of the patient and the stage of the disease including the presence of distant metastases. Removal of the tumor with a sufficient safety margin and an eventual treatment of the relevant lymphatic system according to the type of the tumor is an important prerequisite for the success of the surgical therapy...

BACKGROUND: Laryngocarcinoma (LC), in most cases a squamous cell carcinoma, accounts for 1 ~ 5% of the incidence of all tumors. At present, laryngocarcinoma is mainly managed with the integration of surgery and radio- and chemo-therapies. The current development trend of treatment is to improve the local control rate of tumor and the quality of life of patients. Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) is a radiotherapy that delivers single high dose irradiation at a close range to the tumor bed during the surgical operation process...

BACKGROUND: The good functional outcomes of endoprosthetic knee reconstructions combined with modern oncosurgical concepts have resulted in a decreased rate of primary amputations following tumor resection in the region of the knee, thereby improving the quality of life of affected patients. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to reappraise complications which are more common than in conventional arthroplasties performed for arthritis or trauma due to the complexity of the surgical procedures, the size of the endoprosthetic reconstructions, and neo-/adjuvant therapies...

OBJECTIVE: Frozen section evaluation is routinely used by oncosurgeons across specialties for rapid assessment of the presence of tumor in any tissue and its most common use is in surgical margins. Today, the use of intraoperative frozen-section evaluation of surgical margins is an accepted and frequent practice in head and neck oncology. This study aims to determine the efficacy and accuracy of frozen sections in head and neck cancer patients and compare the results with the respective paraffin sections and also to analyze the reasons for any disparity between them...

An international panel of multidisciplinary experts convened to develop recommendations for managing patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and synchronous liver metastases (CRCLM). A modified Delphi method was used. CRCLM is defined as liver metastases detected at or before diagnosis of the primary CRC. Early and late metachronous metastases are defined as those detected ⩽12months and >12months after surgery, respectively. To provide information on potential curability, use of high-quality contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) before chemotherapy is recommended...

OBJECTIVE: Oropharyngeal cancers are a biologically heterogenous group of tumors with diverse risk factors including tobacco, alcohol, HPV, inherited disorders, the acquired immunodeficiency of Karposi's Sarcoma and non Hodgkin's lymphoma. In the Czech Republic, oropharyngeal cancers represent around 2% of all cancers. The treatment of these tumors is long and complex. Reconstructive procedures in maxillofacial oncosurgery demand good interdisciplinary collaboration and great professional preparedness of the surgical and nursing team...

An analysis of the current situation in the surgical treatment of solid malignant tumors in the Czech Republic demonstrates the need to impose a concept of oncosurgical care, which would lead to a steady improvement in the quality of care provided by surgeons in oncosurgery. The primary aim is that surgery plays an appropriate role in the complex care of oncology patients and that surgeons become equal partners to radiation and internal oncologists in the determination of diagnostic - therapeutic plans and in other decision-making processes...