keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534080/an-algorithmic-approach-to-the-management-of-peripheral-nerve-tumours
#1
REVIEW
Tim Hems, Antonina Parafioriti, Binu P Thomas, Andrea Di Bernardo
This article reviews the pathology and management of peripheral nerve tumours, including a framework for investigation and decision-making. Most tumours are benign, including schwannomas and neurofibromas, but malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours can occur. The risk of malignant change is remote for schwannomas but higher for neurofibromas, particularly in neurofibromatosis type 1. Magnetic resonance imaging is useful for defining the relationship of a swelling with adjacent nerves but is not definitive for tissue diagnosis...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531403/a-sex-linked-supergene-with-large-effects-on-sperm-traits-has-little-impact-on-reproductive-traits-in-female-zebra-finches
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katherine Assersohn, Oscar Morton, Jon Slate, Nicola Hemmings
Despite constituting an essential component of fitness, reproductive success can vary remarkably between individuals and the causes of such variation are not well understood across taxa. In the zebra finch-a model songbird, almost all the variation in sperm morphology and swimming speed is maintained by a large polymorphic inversion (commonly known as a supergene) on the Z chromosome. The relationship between this polymorphism and reproductive success is not fully understood, particularly for females. Here, we explore the effects of female haplotype, and the combination of male and female genotype, on several primary reproductive traits in a captive population of zebra finches...
March 27, 2024: Proceedings. Biological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526738/curcumin-coating-a-novel-solution-to-mitigate-inherent-carbon-nanotube-toxicity
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samiksha Rele, Chanchal Kiran Thakur, Fatima Khan, Budhadev Baral, Vaishali Saini, Chandrabose Karthikeyan, N S Hari Narayana Moorthy, Hem Chandra Jha
Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) are inert structures with high aspect ratios that are widely used as vehicles for targeted drug delivery in cancer and many other diseases. They are largely non-toxic in nature however, when cells are exposed to these nanotubes for prolonged durations or at high concentrations, they show certain adverse effects. These include cytotoxicity, inflammation, generation of oxidative stress, and genotoxicity among others. To combat such adverse effects, various moieties can be attached to the surface of these nanotubes...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521221/navigating-the-indeterminate-zone-surgeons-decision-making-factors-in-treating-vertebral-metastases-with-spinal-instability-scores-of-7-12
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Federico Landriel, Kevin White, Alfredo Guiroy, Álvaro Silva, Charles Carazzo, Christiano Simões, Gustavo Giraldo, Juan Pablo Cabrera, Marcelo Molina, Marcelo Valacco, Nelson Astur, William Teixeira, Santiago Hem
BACKGROUND: The Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) classification system, is a validated and the most widely accepted instrument for defining instability in vertebral metastasis (VM), in which lesions scoring between 7 - 12 are defined as indeterminate and the treatment is controversial. This study aimed to determine which variables more frequently are considered by spine surgeons for choosing between the conservative and the surgical treatment of VMs among patients with an indeterminate SINS...
March 21, 2024: World Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516962/an-international-review-of-the-characteristics-of-viral-nucleic-acid-amplification-testing-nat-reveals-a-trend-towards-the-use-of-smaller-pool-sizes-and-individual-donation-nat
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helen M Faddy, Carla Osiowy, Brian Custer, Michael Busch, Susan L Stramer, Melinda M Dean, Jessika Acutt, Elvina Viennet, Thijs van de Laar, Wai-Chiu Tsoi, Claire Styles, Phil Kiely, Angelo Margaritis, So-Yong Kwon, Yan Qiu, Xuelian Deng, Antoine Lewin, Signe Winther Jørgensen, Christian Erikstrup, David Juhl, Silvia Sauleda, Bernardo Armando Camacho Rodriguez, Lisbeth Jennifer Catherine Soto Coral, Paula Andrea Gaviria García, Sineenart Oota, Sheila F O'Brien, Silvano Wendel, Emma Castro, Laura Navarro Pérez, Heli Harvala, Katy Davison, Claire Reynolds, Lisa Jarvis, Piotr Grabarczyk, Aneta Kopacz, Magdalena Łętowska, Niamh O'Flaherty, Fiona Young, Padraig Williams, Lisa Burke, Sze Sze Chua, An Muylaert, Isabel Page, Ann Jones, Christoph Niederhauser, Marion Vermeulen, Syria Laperche, Pierre Gallian, Masahiro Satake, Marcelo Addas-Carvalho, Sebastián Blanco, Sandra V Gallego, Axel Seltsam, Marijke Weber-Schehl, Arwa Z Al-Riyami, Khuloud Al Maamari, Fatma Ba Alawi, Hem Chandra Pandey, Rochele Azevedo França, Richard Charlewood
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nucleic acid-amplification testing (NAT) is used for screening blood donations/donors for blood-borne viruses. We reviewed global viral NAT characteristics and NAT-yield confirmatory testing used by blood operators. MATERIALS AND METHODS: NAT characteristics and NAT-yield confirmatory testing used during 2019 was surveyed internationally by the International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party Transfusion-Transmitted Infectious Diseases...
March 22, 2024: Vox Sanguinis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501371/glycoprotein-nonmetastatic-melanoma-protein-b-impacts-the-malignant-potential-of-bladder-cancer-cells-through-its-hem-immunoreceptor-tyrosine-based-activation-motif
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomokazu Kimura, Yukari Okita, Yoshiyuki Nagumo, Jas Min Chin, Muhammad Ali Fikry, Masanobu Shiga, Shuya Kandori, Takashi Kawahara, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Hiroyuki Nishiyama, Mitsuyasu Kato
Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers among men worldwide. Although multiple genomic mutations and epigenetic alterations have been identified, an efficacious molecularly targeted therapy has yet to be established. Therefore, a novel approach is anticipated. Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed in various cancers. In this study, we evaluated bladder cancer patient samples and found that GPNMB protein abundance is associated with high-grade tumors, and both univariate and multivariate analyses showed that GPNMB is a prognostic factor...
March 19, 2024: Pathology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500142/evaluation-of-the-offset-static-rope-evacuation-procedure-insights-from-a-safe-job-analysis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eirik Bjorheim Abrahamsen, Håvard Mattingsdal, Håkon Bjorheim Abrahamsen
BACKGROUND: Recently, the Norwegian Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) has developed a procedure for a special type of static rope rescue operation, referred to as the offset technique. In this technique, the helicopter is offset from the accident site, and the HEMS technical crew member uses an offset throw line to gain access to the scene. Today, there is little practical experience of such operations, and a need has been identified for more knowledge on the potential hazards encountered during this type of operation...
March 18, 2024: Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498677/exploring-simple-particle-based-signal-amplification-strategies-in-a-heterogeneous-sandwich-immunoassay-with-optical-detection
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Geißler, K David Wegner, Christin Fischer, Ute Resch-Genger
Heterogeneous sandwich immunoassays are widely used for biomarker detection in bioanalysis and medical diagnostics. The high analyte sensitivity of the current "gold standard" enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) originates from the signal-generating enzymatic amplification step, yielding a high number of optically detectable reporter molecules. For future point-of-care testing (POCT) and point-of-need applications, there is an increasing interest in more simple detection strategies that circumvent time-consuming and temperature-dependent enzymatic reactions...
March 18, 2024: Analytical Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490791/applications-of-artificial-intelligence-in-helicopter-emergency-medical-services-a-scoping-review
#9
REVIEW
Jennifer Hsueh, Christie Fritz, Caroline E Thomas, Andrew P Reimer, Andrew T Reisner, David Schoenfeld, Adrian Haimovich, Stephen H Thomas
OBJECTIVE: Recent systematic reviews of acute care medicine applications of artificial intelligence (AI) have focused on hospital and general prehospital uses. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify and describe the literature on AI use with a focus on applications in helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS). METHODS: A literature search was performed with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles were grouped by characteristics such as publication year and general subject matter with categoric and temporal trend analyses...
2024: Air Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490778/can-the-miracle-2-score-be-used-in-the-prehospital-environment-and-is-it-useful-an-observational-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Morton, Chris Gough
OBJECTIVE: The MIRACLE2 score has been developed for use in a primary percutaneous coronary intervention center. It is unclear if it is feasible in the helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) setting. METHODS: The computerized system at 1 UK HEMS was interrogated between December 1, 2020, and May 1, 2022, for the components of the MIRACLE2 score (recorded contemporaneously) plus demographics and outcomes in all post-return of spontaneous circulation patients conveyed to the hospital...
2024: Air Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490777/prehospital-blood-transfusion-in-helicopter-emergency-medical-services-an-italian-survey
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gianluca Facchetti, Marilisa Facchetti, Mariette Schmal, Ronan Lee, Silvia Fiorelli, Tommaso Fabrizio Marzano, Cristian Lupi, Francesco Daminelli, Giovanni Sbrana, Domenico Massullo, Franco Marinangeli
OBJECTIVE: Hemorrhage remains the most common cause of preventable death after trauma. Prehospital blood product (PHBP) administration may improve outcomes. No data are available about PHBP use in Italian helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS). The primary aim of this survey was to establish the degree of PHBP used throughout Italy. The secondary aims were to evaluate the main indications for their use, the opinions about PHBPs, and users' experience. METHODS: The study group performed a telephone/e-mail survey of all 56 Italian HEMS bases...
2024: Air Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490775/natural-experiment-outcomes-studies-in-rotor-wing-air-medical-transport-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-before-and-after-and-helicopter-unavailable-publications-from-1970-to-2022
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Schoenfeld, Caroline E Thomas, Michael P McCartin, Ira J Blumen, Samuel M Galvagno, Stephen H Thomas
OBJECTIVE: Helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) is widely used for prehospital and interfacility transport, but there is a paucity of HEMS outcomes data from studies using randomized controlled trial designs. In the absence of robust randomized controlled trial evidence, judgments regarding HEMS potential benefit must be informed by observational data. Within the study design set of observational analyses, the natural experiment (NE) is notable for its high potential methodologic quality; NE designs are occasionally denoted "quasi-experimental...
2024: Air Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490774/severity-driven-trends-in-mortality-in-a-large-regionalized-critical-care-transport-service
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David D Salcido, Chase W Zikmund, Leonard S Weiss, Andrew Schoenling, Christian Martin-Gill, Francis X Guyette, Michael R Pinsky
OBJECTIVE: The epidemiology accompanying helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) transport has evolved as agencies have matured and become integrated into regionalized health systems, as evidenced primarily by nationwide systems in Europe. System-level congruence between Europe and the United States, where HEMS is geographically fragmentary, is unclear. In this study, we provide a temporal, epidemiologic characterization of the largest standardized private, nonprofit HEMS system in the United States, STAT MedEvac...
2024: Air Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490772/pediatric-intubations-in-a-semiurban-helicopter-emergency-medicine-service-a-retrospective-review
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Morton, Sinead Keane, Matt O'Meara
OBJECTIVE: Although a small proportion of helicopter emergency medical service (HEMS) missions are for pediatric patients, it is recognized that children do present unique challenges. This case series aims to evaluate the intubation first-pass success rate in HEMS pediatric patients for both medical and trauma patients in a UK semiurban environment. METHODS: A retrospective review of the computerized records system was performed from January 1, 2015, to July 31, 2022, at 1 UK HEMS...
2024: Air Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486966/speech-decoding-using-cortical-and-subcortical-electrophysiological-signals
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hemmings Wu, Chengwei Cai, Wenjie Ming, Wangyu Chen, Zhoule Zhu, Chen Feng, Hongjie Jiang, Zhe Zheng, Mohamad Sawan, Ting Wang, Junming Zhu
INTRODUCTION: Language impairments often result from severe neurological disorders, driving the development of neural prosthetics utilizing electrophysiological signals to restore comprehensible language. Previous decoding efforts primarily focused on signals from the cerebral cortex, neglecting subcortical brain structures' potential contributions to speech decoding in brain-computer interfaces. METHODS: In this study, stereotactic electroencephalography (sEEG) was employed to investigate subcortical structures' role in speech decoding...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486749/exploring-the-influence-of-stress-on-aggressive-behavior-and-sexual-function-role-of-neuromodulator-pathways-and-epigenetics
#16
REVIEW
Ngala Elvis Mbiydzenyuy, Sian Megan Joanna Hemmings, Thando W Shabangu, Lihle Qulu-Appiah
Stress is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon that can significantly influence both aggressive behavior and sexual function. This review explores the intricate relationship between stress, neuromodulator pathways, and epigenetics, shedding light on the various mechanisms that underlie these connections. While the role of stress in both aggression and sexual behavior is well-documented, the mechanisms through which it exerts its effects are multifarious and not yet fully understood. The review begins by delving into the potential influence of stress on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, glucocorticoids, and the neuromodulators involved in the stress response...
March 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486245/epidemiology-of-plasmodium-vivax-in-duffy-negatives-and-duffy-positives-from-community-and-health-centre-collections-in-ethiopia
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lauren Bradley, Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Elizabeth Hemming-Schroeder, Brook Jeang, Ming-Chieh Lee, Endalew Zemene, Teshome Degefa, Eugenia Lo, Christopher King, James Kazura, Guiyun Yan
BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia with an estimated 3.8 million cases in 2021 and 61% of the population living in areas at risk of malaria transmission. Throughout the country Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum are co-endemic, and Duffy expression is highly heterogeneous. The public health significance of Duffy negativity in relation to P. vivax malaria in Ethiopia, however, remains unclear. This study seeks to explore the prevalence and rates of P...
March 14, 2024: Malaria Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484833/dropout-from-exercise-interventions-in-adults-with-knee-or-hip-osteoarthritis-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#18
REVIEW
Davy Vancampfort, Tine Van Damme, Ryan L McGrath, Laura Hemmings, Veerle Gillis, Koen Bernar, Eduarda Bitencourt, Felipe Schuch
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and moderators of dropout rates among adults with knee or hip osteoarthritis participating in exercise randomized controlled trials (RCTs). DATA SOURCES: Two authors searched Embase, CINAHL, PsycARTICLES and PubMed up to 01/09/2023. STUDY SELECTION: We included RCTs of exercise interventions in people with knee or hip osteoarthritis that reported dropout rates. DATA EXTRACTION: Dropout rates from exercise and control conditions and exerciser/participant, provider, and design/implementation related moderators...
March 12, 2024: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484274/reducing-the-incidence-of-persistent-headache-attributed-to-retrosigmoid-craniotomy-the-role-of-3d-computed-tomography-venography-image-guided-technique-and-bone-defects-minimization
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Li, Bing Fang, Hong Zhang, Hemmings Wu, Gao Chen
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper was to assess the risk factors for persistent headache attributed to retrosigmoid craniotomy. Furthermore, we evaluated the role of the 3D computed tomography venography(CTV) image-guided technique in reducing the incidence of persistent headache. METHOD: The study encompassed patients with trigeminal neuralgia who underwent microvascular decompression. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the use of 3D CTV in surgical planning...
March 14, 2024: International Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477482/practical-considerations-for-sample-size-calculation-for-cluster-randomized-trials
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clémence Leyrat, Sandra Eldridge, Monica Taljaard, Karla Hemming
Cluster randomized trials are an essential design in public health and medical research, when individual randomization is infeasible or undesirable for scientific or logistical reasons. However, the correlation among observations within clusters leads to a decrease in statistical power compared to an individually randomised trial with the same total sample size. This correlation - often quantified using the intra-cluster correlation coefficient - must be accounted for in the sample size calculation to ensure that the trial is adequately powered...
February 2024: J Epidemiol Popul Health
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