microRNA-382 and inflammation

Bacterial infections are the most frequent precipitating event in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis (AD) and are associated with high mortality. Early diagnosis is challenging due to cirrhosis-related systemic inflammation. Here we investigated the potential of circulating microRNAs to diagnose bacterial infections and predict survival in cirrhotic patients with AD. High throughput profiling of circulating microRNAs was performed using the Nanostring technology in 57 AD patients and 24 patients with compensated cirrhosis (CC)...

Brain Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNAs (miRs) play essential roles in the regulation of several important biological processes, including neuronal activity, cognitive processes, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and neuroinflammation. In this context, the transcriptional repressor, RE1 silencing transcription factor (Rest), acts regulating the expression of neuronal genes as well as of lncRNAs and multiple miRNAs in the central nervous system. Nevertheless, its role in neuroinflammation was less explored...

Circular RNA (circRNA) dysregulation has been linked to osteoarthritis (OA). The present study investigated the involvement of hsa_circ_0072568 (circ0072568) in OA. The expression of circ0072568 was detected in OA tissues and interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated human chondrocytes. After performing dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays, MTT, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot analysis were used to assess the functions of circ0072568 in IL-1β-induced inflammation in chondrocytes in vitro ...

In this follow-up study, we investigated the abundance and compartmentalization of blood plasma extracellular miRNA (exmiRNA) into lipid-based carriers-blood plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) and non-lipid-based carriers-extracellular condensates (ECs) during SIV infection. We also assessed how combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), administered in conjunction with phytocannabinoid delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), altered the abundance and compartmentalization of exmiRNAs in the EVs and ECs of SIV-infected rhesus macaques (RMs)...

Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) can stimulate processes to promote regeneration, including cell proliferation and modulation of inflammation. Specific miRNA expression panels have been established to define correlations with regulatory targets within these pathways. This study aims to investigate the influence of low-energy ESWT-applied within the subacute and chronic phase of SCI (spinal cord injury) on recovery in a rat spinal cord contusion model. Outcomes were evaluated by gait analysis, µCT and histological analysis of spinal cords...

Mesencephalic astrocyte derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) and cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) are novel evolutionary conserved trophic factors, which exhibit cytoprotective activity via negative regulation of unfolded protein response (UPR) and inflammation. Despite multiple reports demonstrating detrimental effect of MANF/CDNF downregulation, little is known about the control of their expression. miRNAs-small non-coding RNAs-are important regulators of gene expression. Their dysregulation was demonstrated in multiple pathological processes and their ability to modulate levels of other neurotrophic factors, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), was previously reported...

Exposure to atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has been related to the increasing incidence and mortality of pulmonary diseases, where microRNAs (miRNAs) play significant roles in these biological and pathological processes. In the present study, we found that miR-382-5p played an anti-inflammatory role in pulmonary inflammation induced by fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) or diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) in vitro and in vivo. The expression level of miR-382-5p was downregulated, while its target gene, namely CXCL12, was elevated in HBE cells after exposure to PM2...

Several studies have shown the expression of small non-coding microRNA (miRNA) changes in PCOS and their expression in follicular fluid has been described, though the number of studies remains small. In this prospective cohort study, miRNA were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in 29 weight and aged matched anovulatory women with PCOS and 30 women without from follicular fluid taken at the time of oocyte retrieval who were undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF); miRNA levels were determined from a miRNA data set...

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) on Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) inflammatory signal pathway in the lung tissues of rats with mechanical ventilator-induced lung injury. Methods: Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =8 each): group A, normal control group, no mechanical ventilation, spontaneous breathing; group B, mechanical ventilation injury; group C, mechanical ventilation injury plus no-load virus transfection; group D, mechanical ventilation injury plus virus transfection; in group B, C, and D, mechanical ventilation were performed, respiratory rate was controlled at 80 beats/min, tidal volume was 40 ml/kg, inhaled oxygen concentration (FiO2 ) was 21%, inhalation/expiration ratio was 1∶2, positive end expiratory pressure ventilation (PEEP) was 0, each group were ventilated 4 hours daily, 7 days continuously to establish ventilator induced lung injury (VILI) rat model...

BACKGROUND: Individuals at risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) demonstrate systemic autoimmunity in the form of anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in established RA. This study aimed to (1) compare miRNA expression between healthy individuals and those at risk of and those that develop RA, (2) evaluate the change in expression of miRNA from "at-risk" to early RA and (3) explore whether these miRNAs could inform a signature predictive of progression from "at-risk" to RA...

MicroRNAs have emerged as important biomarkers and modulators of pathophysiological processes including oncogenesis and neurodegeneration. MicroRNAs are found to be involved in the generation and maintenance of pain in animal models of inflammation and neuropathic pain. Recently, microRNA dysregulation has been reported in patients with painful conditions such as complex regional pain syndrome and fibromyalgia. The aim of this study was to assess whether serum microRNA alterations occur during migraine attacks and whether migraine manifests in chronic serum microRNA aberrations...

OBJECTIVE: Cardiovascular disease caused by atherosclerosis is the number one cause of death in Western countries and threatens to become the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs are emerging as new players in gene regulation, but how long noncoding RNAs operate in the development of atherosclerosis remains unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS: Using microarray analysis, we found that long noncoding RNA RP5-833A20.1 expression was upregulated, whereas nuclear factor IA (NFIA) expression was downregulated in human acute monocytic leukemia macrophage-derived foam cells...