keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545016/young-onset-dementia-following-chronic-abuse-of-amphetamine-type-stimulants
#21
Sultan H Alamri
Young-onset dementia (YOD) is influenced by various risk factors, including substance abuse. In this report, we present the case of a 54-year-old man who developed YOD following prolonged abuse of amphetamine-type stimulants. The patient exhibited insidious cognitive decline over a three-year period before seeking medical attention. Neuroimaging revealed atrophy of the temporal lobe, suggesting a connection between amphetamine-induced neurotoxicity and the cognitive abnormalities observed in the patient condition...
2024: Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544796/remote-digital-cognitive-assessment-reveals-cognitive-deficits-related-to-hippocampal-atrophy-in-autoimmune-limbic-encephalitis-a-cross-sectional-validation-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kengo Shibata, Bahaaeddin Attaallah, Xin-You Tai, William Trender, Peter J Hellyer, Adam Hampshire, Sarosh R Irani, Sanjay G Manohar, Masud Husain
BACKGROUND: Autoimmune limbic encephalitis (ALE) is a neurological disease characterised by inflammation of the limbic regions of the brain, mediated by pathogenic autoantibodies. Because cognitive deficits persist following acute treatment of ALE, the accurate assessment of long-term cognitive outcomes is important for clinical assessments and trials. However, evaluating cognition is costly and an unmet need exists for validated digital methods. METHODS: In this cross-sectional validation study, we investigated whether a remote digital platform could identify previously characterised cognitive impairments in patients with chronic ALE and whether digital metrics would correlate with standard neuropsychological assessment and hippocampal volume...
March 2024: EClinicalMedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544780/aging-effects-on-the-encoding-retrieval-flip-in-associative-memory-fmri-evidence-from-incidental-contingency-learning
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Else Schneider, Marko Rajkovic, Rudolf Krug, Marco P Caviezel, Carolin F Reichert, Oliver Bieri, André Schmidt, Stefan Borgwardt, Thomas Leyhe, Christoph Linnemann, Annette B Brühl, Undine E Lang, Tobias Melcher
INTRODUCTION: Associative memory is arguably the most basic memory function and therein constitutes the foundation of all episodic and semantic memory processes. At the same time, the decline of associative memory represents a core feature of age-related cognitive decline in both, healthy and pathological (i.e., dementia-related) aging. The neural mechanisms underlying age-related impairments in associative memory are still not fully understood, especially regarding incidental (i.e., non-intentional) learning...
2024: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544518/self-reported-symptom-occurrence-and-distress-and-psychological-well-being-after-liver-transplantation-a-descriptive-cross-sectional-study-of-danish-recipients
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kristine Elberg Dengsø, Andreas Dehlbæk Knudsen, Dina Leth Møller, Anna Forsberg, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Jens Hillingsø
INTRODUCTION: Symptom distress and impaired psychological well-being after liver transplantation may lead to limitations in everyday activities and lowered health-related quality of life. The aim of this nationwide, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was to explore self-reported symptom occurrence and distress, among Danish liver transplant recipients, and their association with self-reported psychological well-being as well as demographic, and clinical characteristics. METHODS: Liver transplant recipients transplanted from 1990 to 2022 were included...
2024: Frontiers in Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544434/effects-of-the-fasting-postprandial-state-on-arterial-spin-labeling-mri-based-cerebral-perfusion-quantification-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Runzhi Li, Zhizheng Zhuo, Yin Hong, Zeshan Yao, Zhaohui Li, Yanli Wang, Jiwei Jiang, Linlin Wang, Ziyan Jia, Mengfan Sun, Yuan Zhang, Wenyi Li, Qiwei Ren, Yanling Zhang, Yunyun Duan, Yi Liu, Hongen Wei, Yechuan Zhang, Michael Chappell, Hanping Shi, Yaou Liu, Jun Xu
BACKGROUND: The fasting-postprandial state remains an underrecognized confounding factor for quantifying cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the cognitive assessment and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of fasting-postprandial state on arterial spin labeling (ASL)-based CBF in AD patients. STUDY TYPE: Prospective. SUBJECTS: Ninety-two subjects (mean age = 62...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: JMRI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544306/associations-between-measured-masticatory-function-and-cognitive-status-a-systematic-review
#26
REVIEW
Kenji Maekawa, Yoshiko Motohashi, Kentaro Igarashi, Takuya Mino, Yasuhiko Kawai, Youngnam Kang, Toshihiro Hirai, Takuo Kuboki
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of the most recent evidence on the association between measured masticatory function and cognitive status. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literature and manual searches were conducted using three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL). Observational studies published between 2011 and 2021 investigating the association between masticatory function, dementia and cognitive status in adult humans were abstracted and reviewed by three reviewers...
March 27, 2024: Gerodontology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544083/influence-of-a-three-month-mixed-reality-training-on-gait-speed-and-cognitive-functions-in-adults-with-intellectual-disability-a-pilot-study
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexis Laly, Elisabeth Rosnet, Nicolas Houel
People with intellectual disability (ID) are often subject to motor impairments such as altered gait. As gait is a task involving motor and perceptive dimensions, perceptual-motor training is an efficient rehabilitation approach to reduce the risk of falls which grows with age. Virtual, augmented, and mixed reality are recent tools which enable interaction with 3D elements at different levels of immersion and interaction. In view of the countless possibilities that this opens, their use for therapeutic purposes is constantly increasing...
March 12, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543885/potential-intersections-between-lncrna-vascular-cognitive-impairment-and-immunization-strategies-insights-and-future-directions
#28
REVIEW
Yishu Fan, Bo Xiao, Mengqi Zhang
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) encompasses a wide range of cognitive disorders stemming from cerebrovascular issues, such as strokes or small vessel disease. These conditions often pose challenges to traditional diagnostic approaches due to their multifactorial nature and varied clinical presentations. Recently, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have provided detailed analyses of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the molecular pathobiology of VCI. These new findings help with molecular-based diagnostics and treatments of VCI...
February 28, 2024: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542908/oxyresveratrol-improves-cognitive-impairments-and-episodic-like-memory-through-modulating-neuroinflammation-and-pi3k-akt-signaling-pathway-in-lps-induced-mice
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guangling Yin, Chunxing Pan, Hong Liu, Changzhi Dong, Xia Chang, Wei Zhou, Shanshan Wang, Zhiyun Du
Oxyresveratrol is one of the active ingredients derived from mulberry branch with strong anti-inflammatory bioactivity. In this research, we want to explore if oxyresveratrol can improve cognitive impairments and episodic-like memory and its mechanism. In LPS-induced BV-2 cells, 25 μM OXY can significantly inhibit the expression of NO and alter the M1/M2 polarization by regulating M1/M2 phenotype makers. In vivo, OXY (50, 100 mg/kg) significantly reversed cognitive impairments and alleviated neuronal injuries caused by neuroinflammation...
March 13, 2024: Molecules: a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542819/the-mediating-role-of-psychological-balance-on-the-effects-of-dietary-behavior-on-cognitive-impairment-in-chinese-elderly
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yating Chen, Lingling Zhang, Xiaotong Wen, Xiaojun Liu
BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment, a significant problem in older adults, may be associated with diet. This study aims to examine the association between the dietary diversity score (DDS), dietary pattern (DP), and cognitive impairment in elderly Chinese. This research further explored the role of psychological balance (PB) as a mediator in the relationship between diet and cognitive impairment. METHODS: A total of 14,318 older adults from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study (CLHLS) in 2018 were included...
March 21, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542806/inter-individual-responses-to-a-blueberry-intervention-across-multiple-endpoints
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yueyue Wang, Crystal Haskell-Ramsay, Jose Lara Gallegos, John K Lodge
Inter-individual variation exists in response to diet and in the endpoints related to vascular diseases and cognitive impairment. Therefore, the evaluation and characterisation of responses to a dietary intervention targeting these endpoints is important. A dietary intervention with 37 participants has been performed comparing two forms of blueberry, either whole fresh blueberry (160 g), freeze-dried blueberry powder (20 g) or a placebo control (microcrystalline cellulose), in a 1-week single-blinded cross-over randomised controlled trial (RCT) in a healthy population...
March 20, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542764/the-interplay-between-gut-microbiota-and-cognitive-functioning-in-the-healthy-aging-population-a-systematic-review
#32
REVIEW
Maria Kossowska, Sylwia Olejniczak, Marcelina Karbowiak, Wioletta Mosiej, Dorota Zielińska, Aneta Brzezicka
BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota in healthy older individuals typically show a decrease in beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, alongside an increase in pro-inflammatory microbes such as Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridia. These changes contrast with younger and middle-aged individuals and appear to correlate with cognitive status. Although there is extensive research on gut microbiota and cognitive functions in cognitively impaired elderly individuals, its impact on cognitively healthy elderly populations has not been extensively studied...
March 15, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542700/exploring-the-influence-of-gut-brain-axis-modulation-on-cognitive-health-a-comprehensive-review-of-prebiotics-probiotics-and-symbiotics
#33
REVIEW
Mónika Fekete, Andrea Lehoczki, Dávid Major, Vince Fazekas-Pongor, Tamás Csípő, Stefano Tarantini, Zoltán Csizmadia, János Tamás Varga
Recent research exploring the relationship between the gut and the brain suggests that the condition of the gut microbiota can influence cognitive health. A well-balanced gut microbiota may help reduce inflammation, which is linked to neurodegenerative conditions. Prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics are nutritional supplements and functional food components associated with gastrointestinal well-being. The bidirectional communication of the gut-brain axis is essential for maintaining homeostasis, with pre-, pro-, and symbiotics potentially affecting various cognitive functions such as attention, perception, and memory...
March 10, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542526/plasma-mir-203a-3p-as-a-novel-predictor-of-dementia-in-patients-with-parkinson-s-disease
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya-Fang Hsu, Shau-Ping Lin, Yung-Tsai Chu, Yi-Tzang Tsai, Jing-Wen Huang, Frederick Kin Hing Phoa, Ruey-Meei Wu
The early detection of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease is important for providing drug therapy and non-pharmacological management. The circulating microRNAs present in plasma are promising biomarkers of PD with dementia (PDD) due to their critical roles in synaptic plasticity and the regulation of neurodegeneration-associated proteins. In this study, we aimed to identify plasma microRNAs that may differentiate PD with or without cognitive impairment. Global microRNA expression was obtained from a discovery set of 123 participants who were divided into four groups, namely normal controls (HC), PD with no dementia (PDND), PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), and PDD, using next-generation sequencing...
March 21, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542495/formulating-treatment-to-cure-alzheimer-s-dementia-approach-2
#35
REVIEW
Jeffrey Fessel
There are two generic approaches to curing any medical condition. The first one treats every patient for all the known possible causes that contribute to pathogenesis; the second one individualizes potentially curative therapy by only identifying in each separate patient the components of pathogenesis that are actually operative and treating those. This article adopts the second approach for formulating a cure for Alzheimer's dementia (AD). The components of AD's pathogenesis are, in alphabetical order, as follows: circadian rhythm disturbances, depression, diabetes and insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, inflammation, metabolic syndrome, mitochondrial dysfunction, nutritional deficiencies, TGF-β deficiency, underweight, vascular abnormalities, and Wnt/β-catenin deficiency...
March 20, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542318/cognitive-impairment-in-nonagenarians-potential-metabolic-mechanisms-revealed-by-the-synergy-of-in-silico-gene-expression-modeling-and-pathway-enrichment-analysis
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aleksandra Mamchur, Elena Zelenova, Irina Dzhumaniiazova, Veronika Erema, Daria Kashtanova, Mikhail Ivanov, Maria Bruttan, Mariia Gusakova, Mikhail Terekhov, Vladimir Yudin, Antonina Rumyantseva, Lorena Matkava, Irina Strazhesko, Ruslan Isaev, Anna Kruglikova, Lilit Maytesyan, Irina Tarasova, Olga Beloshevskaya, Elen Mkhitaryan, Sergey Kraevoy, Olga Tkacheva, Sergey Yudin
Previous studies examining the molecular and genetic basis of cognitive impairment, particularly in cohorts of long-living adults, have mainly focused on associations at the genome or transcriptome level. Dozens of significant dementia-associated genes have been identified, including APOE, APOC1, and TOMM40. However, most of these studies did not consider the intergenic interactions and functional gene modules involved in cognitive function, nor did they assess the metabolic changes in individual brain regions...
March 15, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542311/the-chronic-effects-of-a-single-low-intensity-blast-exposure-on-phosphoproteome-networks-and-cognitive-function-influenced-by-mutant-tau-overexpression
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcus Jackson, Shanyan Chen, Thao Thi Nguyen, Heather R Siedhoff, Ashley Balderrama, Amitai Zuckerman, Runting Li, C Michael Greenlief, Gregory Cole, Sally A Frautschy, Jiankun Cui, Zezong Gu
Blast-induced neurotrauma (BINT) is a pressing concern for veterans and civilians exposed to explosive devices. Affected personnel may have increased risk for long-term cognitive decline and developing tauopathies including Alzheimer's disease-related disorders (ADRD) or frontal-temporal dementia (FTD). The goal of this study was to identify the effect of BINT on molecular networks and their modulation by mutant tau in transgenic (Tg) mice overexpressing the human tau P301L mutation (rTg4510) linked to FTD or non-carriers...
March 15, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542310/the-metabolic-impact-of-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-on-cognitive-dysfunction-a-comprehensive-clinical-and-pathophysiological-review
#38
REVIEW
Mauro Giuffrè, Nicola Merli, Maura Pugliatti, Rita Moretti
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) exponentially affects the global healthcare burden, and it is currently gaining increasing interest in relation to its potential impact on central nervous system (CNS) diseases, especially concerning cognitive deterioration and dementias. Overall, scientific research nowadays extends to different levels, exploring NAFLD's putative proinflammatory mechanism of such dysmetabolic conditions, spreading out from the liver to a multisystemic involvement. The aim of this review is to analyze the most recent scientific literature on cognitive involvement in NAFLD, as well as understand its underlying potential background processes, i...
March 15, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542134/sleep-glial-function-and-the-endocannabinoid-system-implications-for-neuroinflammation-and-sleep-disorders
#39
REVIEW
Josué Camberos-Barraza, Alejandro Camacho-Zamora, José C Bátiz-Beltrán, Juan F Osuna-Ramos, Ángel R Rábago-Monzón, Marco A Valdez-Flores, Carla E Angulo-Rojo, Alma M Guadrón-Llanos, Verónica J Picos-Cárdenas, Loranda Calderón-Zamora, Claudia D Norzagaray-Valenzuela, Feliznando I Cárdenas-Torres, Alberto K De la Herrán-Arita
The relationship between sleep, glial cells, and the endocannabinoid system represents a multifaceted regulatory network with profound implications for neuroinflammation and cognitive function. The molecular underpinnings of sleep modulation by the endocannabinoid system and its influence on glial cell activity are discussed, shedding light on the reciprocal relationships that govern these processes. Emphasis is placed on understanding the role of glial cells in mediating neuroinflammatory responses and their modulation by sleep patterns...
March 9, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542104/correlation-of-presynaptic-and-postsynaptic-proteins-with-pathology-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Geidy E Serrano, Jessica Walker, Courtney Nelson, Michael Glass, Richard Arce, Anthony Intorcia, Madison P Cline, Natalie Nabaty, Amanda Acuña, Ashton Huppert Steed, Lucia I Sue, Christine Belden, Parichita Choudhury, Eric Reiman, Alireza Atri, Thomas G Beach
Synaptic transmission is essential for nervous system function and the loss of synapses is a known major contributor to dementia. Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) is characterized by synaptic loss in the mesial temporal lobe and cerebral neocortex, both of which are brain areas associated with memory and cognition. The association of synaptic loss and ADD was established in the late 1980s, and it has been estimated that 30-50% of neocortical synaptic protein is lost in ADD, but there has not yet been a quantitative profiling of different synaptic proteins in different brain regions in ADD from the same individuals...
March 8, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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