keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494701/imaging-of-17-o-labeled-water-using-fast-t2-mapping-with-t2-preparation-a-phantom-study
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroyuki Kameda, Yumi Nakada, Yuta Urushibata, Hiroyuki Sugimori, Takaaki Fujii, Naoya Kinota, Daisuke Kato, Minghui Tang, Keita Sakamoto, Kohsuke Kudo
17 O-labeled water is a T2-shortening contrast agent used in proton MRI and is a promising method for visualizing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics because it provides long-term tracking of water molecules. However, various external factors reduce the accuracy of 17 O-concentration measurements using conventional signal-intensity-based methods. In addition, T2 mapping, which is expected to provide a stable assessment, is generally limited to temporal-spatial resolution. We developed the T2-prepared based on T2 mapping used in cardiac imaging to adapt to long T2 values and tested whether it could accurately measure 17 O-concentration in the CSF using a phantom...
March 15, 2024: Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences: MRMS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441692/sex-differences-in-fatiguability-during-single-joint-resistance-exercise-in-a-resistance-trained-population
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caleb C Voskuil, Monique D Dudar, Joshua C Carr
The primary aim of this study was to compare the fatiguability and acute recovery from a session of unilateral biceps curl exercise between habitually resistance-trained males and females. Twenty participants performed biceps curl one repetition maximum (1RM) and maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) testing of the elbow flexors. The exercise protocol consisted of four sets of unilateral biceps curls at 50% of the measured 1RM to volitional failure. MVC force and EMG activity of the elbow flexors were assessed following each set and during the recovery phase...
March 5, 2024: European Journal of Applied Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38382056/sex-differences-in-muscle-quality-recovery-following-one-week-of-knee-joint-immobilization-and-subsequent-retraining
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ryan M Girts, Kylie K Harmon, Gabriela Rodriguez, Jonathan P Beausejour, Jason I Pagan, Joshua Carr, Jeanette M Garcia, Jeffrey R Stout, David H Fukuda, Matt S Stock
This manuscript represents the second phase of a clinical trial designed to examine the effects of knee joint immobilization and retraining on muscle strength and mass. In phase 2, we examined sex differences in the recovery of multiple indices of muscle quality after a resistance training-based rehabilitation program. Following one week of immobilization, 27 participants (16 males, 11 females) exhibiting weakness underwent twice weekly resistance training sessions designed to re-strengthen their left knee...
February 21, 2024: Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38372745/arterial-graft-cannulation-for-extracorporeal-cardiopulmonary-resuscitation
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Torben K Becker, John Bruno, Casey T Carr, Marc O Maybauer
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 19, 2024: Intensive Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38337743/carbohydrate-oral-rinsing-cycling-performance-and-individual-complex-carbohydrate-taste-sensitivity
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claudia Hartley, Amelia Carr, Spencer S H Roberts, Wender L P Bredie, Russell S J Keast
The aim of this pilot study was to determine the effect of individual complex carbohydrate taste sensitivity on cycling performance with complex carbohydrate oral rinsing. Ten male participants completed five cycling time trials in a fasted state with a seven-day washout period between each trial. Participants completed a fixed amount of work (738.45 ± 150.74 kJ) as fast as possible on a cycle ergometer while rinsing with an oral rinse for 10 s every 12.5% of the trial. An oral rinse (maltodextrin, oligofructose, glucose, sucralose or water control) was given per visit in a randomised, crossover, blinded design...
February 5, 2024: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38332962/effectiveness-of-alprostadil-for-ductal-patency
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caitlin M Gordon, Jason T Tan, Roxane R Carr
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to describe the effectiveness of low initial alprostadil dosages to maintain a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in infants with ductal-dependent congenital heart disease (DDCHD). Secondary objectives were to describe any adverse drug events, describe prescribing trends, describe ductus arteriosus diameter changes, and compare the safety and efficacy of very low and low initial alprostadil dosage regimens. METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study at the British Columbia's Women's and Children's Hospital neonatal intensive care unit and pediatric intensive care unit examined neonates admitted with DDCHD who received alprostadil to maintain ductal patency...
2024: Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics: JPPT: the Official Journal of PPAG
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38326175/national-and-regional-trends-in-seizures-of-shrooms-psilocybin-in-the-united-states-2017-2022
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph J Palamar, Nicole D Fitzgerald, Thomas H Carr, Caroline Rutherford, Katherine M Keyes, Linda B Cottler
BACKGROUND: Psilocybin, the principle psychoactive component in "shrooms", is regaining acceptance in therapeutic settings, leading to media coverage of medical benefits associated with use. Possession is also becoming increasingly decriminalized throughout the United States. There is a lack of data on prevalence of shroom use, but trends in law enforcement seizure data can provide one indicator of shroom availability in US communities. We determined whether seizures of shrooms have shifted between 2017 and 2022...
January 29, 2024: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38302685/absence-of-lunar-phobia-in-european-swarming-vespertilionid-bats
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grzegorz Apoznański, Felix Tuff, Andrew Carr, Alek Rachwald, Ewa Marszałek, Tomasz Marszałek, Justyna Błesznowska, Tomasz Kokurewicz
"Lunar phobia" in bats has been widely discussed since its description in tropical bats in 1978. The phenomenon has been frequently contested and supported and was first reported in European bats in 2020. Our study seeks to clarify the debate by describing the relationship between the activity of selected swarming vespertilionid bats (Family: Vespertilionidae) and moonlight levels. To verify a potential connection to the latter, a swarming dataset was analysed in respect of estimated moonlight illumination...
February 1, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38190976/implicit-bias-and-health-disparities-education-in-the-neonatal-intensive-care-unit
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolle Fernandez Dyess, Cara Beth Carr, Stephanie Mavis, Catherine Grace Caruso, Susan Izatt, Heather French, Rita Dadiz, Elizabeth M Bonachea, Megan Gray
Objective To characterize implicit bias (IB) and health disparities (HD) education in neonatal-perinatal medicine (NPM), including current educational opportunities, resources, and barriers. Study Design A national web-based survey was sent to NPM fellows, neonatologists, and front-line providers after iterative review by education experts from the National Neonatology Curriculum Committee. Quantitative data were analyzed with chi-square and Fisher exact tests. Qualitative data were evaluated using thematic analysis...
January 8, 2024: American Journal of Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38163393/impact-of-ultrasound-treatment-on-the-structural-modifications-and-functionality-of-carbohydrates-a-review
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nirmal Thirunavookarasu, Sumit Kumar, Prakyath Shetty, Akalya Shanmugam, Ashish Rawson
Carbohydrates are crucial in food as essential biomolecules, serving as natural components, ingredients, or additives. Carbohydrates have numerous applications in the food industry as stabilizers, thickeners, sweeteners, and humectants. The properties and functionality of the carbohydrates undergo alterations when exposed to various thermal or non-thermal treatments. Ultrasonication is a non-thermal method that modifies the structural arrangement of carbohydrate molecules. These structural changes lead to enhanced gelling and viscous nature of the carbohydrates, thus enhancing their scope of application...
December 21, 2023: Carbohydrate Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38157205/icu-utilization-after-implementation-of-minor-severe-pneumonia-criteria-in-real-time-electronic-clinical-decision-support
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jason R Carr, Daniel B Knox, Allison M Butler, Marija M Lum, Jason R Jacobs, Al R Jephson, Barbara E Jones, Samuel M Brown, Nathan C Dean
OBJECTIVES: To determine if the implementation of automated clinical decision support (CDS) with embedded minor severe community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) criteria was associated with improved ICU utilization among emergency department (ED) patients with pneumonia who did not require vasopressors or positive pressure ventilation at admission. DESIGN: Planned secondary analysis of a stepped-wedge, cluster-controlled CDS implementation trial. SETTING: Sixteen hospitals in six geographic clusters from Intermountain Health; a large, integrated, nonprofit health system in Utah and Idaho...
December 29, 2023: Critical Care Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38137518/intranasal-lidocaine-administration-via-mucosal-atomization-device-a-simple-and-successful-treatment-for-postdural-puncture-headache-in-obstetric-patients
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benedikt Hermann Siegler, Rui Pedro Dos Santos Pereira, Jens Keßler, Stephanie Wallwiener, Markus Wallwiener, Jan Larmann, Susanne Picardi, Richard Carr, Markus Alexander Weigand, Beatrice Oehler
(1) Background: Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) remains a serious complication in obstetric patients. While the epidural blood patch represents the current gold standard in therapy, a growing number of alternative measures are thought to be beneficial for clinical management. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the efficacy of intranasal lidocaine administration to treat PDPH in obstetrics at our university hospital; (2) Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with PDPH has been performed focusing on the techniques of administration, dosing, treatment duration, impact on pain intensity as well as side effects of intranasal lidocaine; (3) Results: During the study period, 5610 obstetric patients received neuraxial anesthesia, of whom 43 (0...
December 13, 2023: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38127214/preoperative-frailty-and-malnutrition-in-surgical-oncology-patients-predicts-higher-postoperative-adverse-events-and-worse-survival-results-of-a-blinded-prospective-trial
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nazanin Khajoueinejad, Elad Sarfaty, Allen T Yu, Alison Buseck, Samantha Troob, Sayed Imtiaz, Ayman Mohammad, Da Eun Cha, Eric Pletcher, Elizabeth Gleeson, Rebekah Macfie, Jacquelyn Carr, Spiros P Hiotis, Benjamin Golas, Camilo Correa-Gallego, Umut Sarpel, Deepa Magge, Daniel M Labow, Noah A Cohen
BACKGROUND: Frailty, a multidimensional state leading to reduced physiologic reserve, is associated with worse postoperative outcomes. Despite the availability of various frailty tools, surgeons often make subjective assessments of patients' ability to tolerate surgery. The Risk Analysis Index (RAI) is a validated preoperative frailty assessment tool that has not been studied in cancer patients with plans for curative-intent surgery. METHODS: In this prospective, surgeon-blinded study, patients who had abdominal malignancy with plans for resection underwent preoperative frailty assessment with the RAI and nutrition assessment by measurement of albumin, prealbumin, and C-reactive protein (CRP)...
December 21, 2023: Annals of Surgical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37878211/use-of-buffers-in-specific-contexts-highly-trained-female-athletes-extreme-environments-and-combined-buffering-agents-a-narrative-review
#14
REVIEW
Amelia J Carr, Alannah K A McKay, Louise M Burke, Ella S Smith, Charles S Urwin, Lilia Convit, William T Jardine, Monica K Kelly, Bryan Saunders
This narrative review evaluated the evidence for buffering agents (sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate and beta-alanine), with specific consideration of three discrete scenarios: female athletes, extreme environments and combined buffering agents. Studies were screened according to exclusion and inclusion criteria and were analysed on three levels: (1) moderating variables (supplement dose and timing, and exercise test duration and intensity), (2) design factors (e.g., use of crossover or matched group study design, familiarisation trials) and (3) athlete-specific factors (recruitment of highly trained participants, buffering capacity and reported performance improvements)...
October 25, 2023: Sports Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37862012/young-adult-physical-activity-trajectories-and-midlife-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junia N de Brito, Daniel J McDonough, Mahesh Mathew, Lisa B VanWagner, Pamela J Schreiner, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, David R Jacobs, James G Terry, John Jeffrey Carr, Mark A Pereira
IMPORTANCE: Physical activity (PA) is recommended for preventing and treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Yet, how long-term patterns of intensity-based physical activity, including moderate-intensity PA (MPA) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA), might affect the prevalence of NAFLD in middle age remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To identify distinct intensity-based PA trajectories from young to middle adulthood and examine the associations between PA trajectories and NAFLD prevalence in midlife...
October 2, 2023: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37814417/improved-survival-of-children-and-adolescents-with-classical-hodgkin-lymphoma-treated-on-a-harmonised-protocol-in-south-africa
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer Geel, Anel van Zyl, Jan du Plessis, Marc Hendricks, Yasmin Goga, Amy Carr, Beverley Neethling, Artsiom Hramyka, Fareed Omar, Rema Mathew, Lizette Louw, Thanushree Naidoo, Thandeka Ngcana, Tanya Schickerling, Vutshilo Netshituni, Elelwani Madzhia, Liezl du Plessis, Tom Kelsey, Daynia E Ballot, Monika L Metzger
BACKGROUND: Historic South African 5-year overall survival (OS) rates for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) from 2000 to 2010 were 46% and 84% for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive and HIV-negative children, respectively. We investigated whether a harmonised treatment protocol using risk stratification and response-adapted therapy could increase the OS of childhood and adolescent HL. METHODS: Seventeen units prospectively enrolled patients less than 18 years, newly diagnosed with classical HL onto a risk-stratified, response-adapted treatment protocol from July 2016 to December 2022...
October 9, 2023: Pediatric Blood & Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37776160/trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-vs-minocycline-for-the-treatment-of-nonurinary-monomicrobial-stenotrophomonas-maltophilia-infections-in-hospitalized-patients
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emma C Hevia, Leslie Wooten, Amy L Carr
BACKGROUND: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic, gram-negative bacillus with few therapeutic options due to a high level of intrinsic resistance. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) is recommended as the first-line treatment; however, minocycline (MIN) has been shown to have similar clinical outcomes in treating S. maltophilia and addresses concern for increasing resistance to SXT. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety outcomes of nonurinary, monomicrobial infections due to S...
September 30, 2023: Annals of Pharmacotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37771740/analysis-of-a-beta-lactam-allergy-assessment-protocol-challenging-diverse-reported-allergies-managed-by-an-antimicrobial-stewardship-program
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Max W Jacobs, Derek N Bremmer, Nathan R Shively, Matthew A Moffa, Tamara L Trienski, Dustin R Carr, Carley A Buchanan, Thomas L Walsh
OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of a novel beta-lactam allergy assessment algorithm managed by an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) team. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: One quaternary referral teaching hospital and one tertiary care teaching hospital in a large western Pennsylvania health network. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Patients who received a beta-lactam challenge dose under the beta-lactam allergy assessment algorithm...
2023: Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37685671/aerobic-and-muscle-strengthening-physical-activity-television-viewing-and-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-the-cardia-study
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel J McDonough, Mahesh Mathew, Zachary C Pope, Pamela J Schreiner, David R Jacobs, Lisa B VanWagner, John Jeffrey Carr, James G Terry, Kelley Pettee Gabriel, Jared P Reis, Mark A Pereira
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in U.S. adults is over 30%, yet the role of lifestyle factors in the etiology of NAFLD remains understudied. We examined the associations of physical activity, by intensity and type, and television viewing with prevalent NAFLD. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of a population-based sample of 2726 Black (49%) and White (51%) adults (Mean (SD) age, 50 (3.6) years; 57.3% female) from the CARDIA study...
August 28, 2023: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37598722/multilingual-markers-of-depression-in-remotely-collected-speech-samples-a-preliminary-analysis
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas Cummins, Judith Dineley, Pauline Conde, Faith Matcham, Sara Siddi, Femke Lamers, Ewan Carr, Grace Lavelle, Daniel Leightley, Katie M White, Carolin Oetzmann, Edward L Campbell, Sara Simblett, Stuart Bruce, Josep Maria Haro, Brenda W J H Penninx, Yatharth Ranjan, Zulqarnain Rashid, Callum Stewart, Amos A Folarin, Raquel Bailón, Björn W Schuller, Til Wykes, Srinivasan Vairavan, Richard J B Dobson, Vaibhav A Narayan, Matthew Hotopf
BACKGROUND: Speech contains neuromuscular, physiological and cognitive components, and so is a potential biomarker of mental disorders. Previous studies indicate that speaking rate and pausing are associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, results are inconclusive as many studies are small and underpowered and do not include clinical samples. These studies have also been unilingual and use speech collected in controlled settings. If speech markers are to help understand the onset and progress of MDD, we need to uncover markers that are robust to language and establish the strength of associations in real-world data...
August 18, 2023: Journal of Affective Disorders
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