keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468200/the-effect-of-in-vitro-simulated-colonic-ph-gradients-on-microbial-activity-and-metabolite-production-using-common-prebiotics-as-substrates
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhuqing Xie, Weiwei He, Alex Gobbi, Hanne Christine Bertram, Dennis Sandris Nielsen
BACKGROUND: The interplay between gut microbiota (GM) and the metabolization of dietary components leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) is affected by a range of factors including colonic pH and carbohydrate source. However, there is still only limited knowledge on how the GM activity and metabolite production in the gastrointestinal tract could be influenced by pH and the pH gradient increases along the colon. RESULTS: Here we investigate the effect of pH gradients corresponding to levels typically found in the colon on GM composition and metabolite production using substrates inulin, lactose, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) in an in vitro colon setup...
March 11, 2024: BMC Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464414/the-effects-of-omega-3-fatty-acids-supplementation-on-hemoglobin-hematocrit-and-platelet-levels-of-patients-with-esrd-condition-undergoing-dialysis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zahra Mahmoudi, Zahra Roumi, Seyed Ali Askarpour, Zahra Mousavi, Hanieh Shafaei, Neda Valisoltani, Mahsa Shapouri, Seyed Reza Mirshafaei, Pouya Mirzaee, Khadijeh Abbasi Mobarakeh, Elahe Taghavi Sufiani, Zeinab Motiee Bijarpasi, Zeynab Motiei, Masoud Khosravi, Saeid Doaei, Maryam Gholamalizadeh
BACKGROUND: Concomitant inflammation may boost the cardiovascular complications in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Omega-3 fatty acids may have certain health benefits in HD patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HB) level and platelet (PLT) counts of HD patients. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on HD patients at a private dialysis center in Rasht, Iran...
June 2024: Journal of translational autoimmunity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464032/structural-basis-for-expanded-substrate-specificities-of-human-long-chain-acyl-coa-dehydrogenase-and-related-acyl-coa-dehydrogenases
#23
Beena Narayanan, Chuanwu Xia, Ryan McAndrew, Anna L Shen, Jung-Ja P Kim
Crystal structures of human long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD) and the E291Q mutant, have been determined. These structures suggest that LCAD harbors functions beyond its historically defined role in mitochondrial β-oxidation of long and medium-chain fatty acids. LCAD is a homotetramer containing one FAD per 43kDa subunit with Glu291 as the catalytic base. The substrate binding cavity of LCAD reveals key differences which makes it specific for longer and branched chain substrates. The presence of Pro132 near the start of the E helix leads to helix unwinding that, together with adjacent smaller residues, permits binding of bulky substrates such as 3α, 7α, l2α-trihydroxy-5β-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA...
February 29, 2024: Research Square
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462181/influence-of-adding-strategy-of-biochar-on-medium-chain-fatty-acids-production-from-sewage-sludge
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tianru Lou, Yanan Yin, Jianlong Wang
Production of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) from sewage sludge has dual effects on valuable sludge disposal and renewable energy generation, while low efficiency limits its application. Biochar addition is considered an effective method to improve MCFAs production. In this study, the influence of biochar adding strategies (i.e., adding biochar in acidification or chain elongation (CE) processes) on MCFAs production was explored. Results showed that by adding biochar in the acidification process, MCFAs accumulation increased by over 114%, accompanied by the highest carbon conversion efficiency (134...
March 8, 2024: Chemosphere
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462027/codonopsis-pilosula-water-extract-delays-d-galactose-induced-aging-of-the-brain-in-mice-by-activating-autophagy-and-regulating-metabolism
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuewen Wang, Jiachao Kang, Xuechan Li, Pingmin Wu, Yong Huang, Yongqiang Duan, Juan Feng, Jing Wang
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Codonopsis pilosula (C. pilosula), also called "Dangshen" in Chinese, is derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. (C. pilosula), Codonopsis pilosula var. Modesta (Nannf.) L.D.Shen (C. pilosula var. modesta) or Codonopsis pilosula subsp. Tangshen (Oliv.) D.Y.Hong (C. pilosula subsp. tangshen), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. It has been regularly used for anti-aging, strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lungs, regulating blood sugar, lowering blood pressure, strengthening the body's immune system, etc...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458123/major-clinical-events-and-healthcare-resource-use-among-patients-with-long-chain-fatty-acid-oxidation-disorders-in-the-united-states-results-from-lc-faod-odyssey-program
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erru Yang, Eliza Kruger, David Yin, Kieran Mace, Meghan Tierney, Noelle Liao, Emily Cibelli, Dan Drozd, Nathan Ross, Kathleen L Deering, Peter Herout, Qing Harshaw, Alicia Shillington, Nina Thomas, Deborah Marsden, Amy Kritzer, Jerry Vockley
Major clinical events (MCEs) related to long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD) in triheptanoin clinical trials include inpatient or emergency room (ER) visits for three major clinical manifestations: rhabdomyolysis, hypoglycemia, and cardiomyopathy. However, outcomes data outside of LC-FAOD clinical trials are limited. The non-interventional cohort LC-FAOD Odyssey study examines data derived from US medical records and patient reported outcomes to quantify LC-FAOD burden according to management strategy including MCE frequency and healthcare resource utilization (HRU)...
February 23, 2024: Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453966/a-ketogenic-diet-rich-in-fish-oil-is-superior-to-other-fats-in-preventing-nnk-induced-lung-cancer-in-a-j-mice
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ingrid Elisia, Michelle Yeung, Sara Kowalski, Taras Shyp, Jason Tee, Serena Hollman, Amy Wong, Janette King, Roger Dyer, Poul H Sorensen, Gerald Krystal
Given that ketogenic diets (KDs) are extremely high in dietary fat, we compared different fats in KDs to determine which was the best for cancer prevention. Specifically, we compared a Western and a 15% carbohydrate diet to seven different KDs, containing either Western fats or fats enriched in medium chain fatty acids (MCTs), milk fat (MF), palm oil (PO), olive oil (OO), corn oil (CO) or fish oil (FO) for their ability to reduce nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK)-induced lung cancer in mice. While all the KDs tested were more effective at reducing lung nodules than the Western or 15% carbohydrate diet, the FO-KD was most effective at reducing lung nodules...
March 7, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452553/phenogenetic-profile-and-agronomic-contribution-of-azospirillum-argentinense-az39-t-a-reference-strain-for-the-south-american-inoculant-industry
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G A Maroniche, M L Puente, J E García, E Mongiardini, A Coniglio, S Nievas, M M Labarthe, F Wisniewski-Dyé, E Rodriguez Cáceres, M Díaz-Zorita, F Cassán
Azospirillum sp. is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria largely recognized for its potential to increase the yield of different important crops. In this work, we present a thorough genomic and phenotypic analysis of A. argentinense Az39T to provide new insights into the beneficial mechanisms of this microorganism. Phenotypic analyses revealed the following in vitro abilities: growth at 20-38 °C (optimum, 28 °C), pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum, pH 6.8), and in the presence of 1% (w/v) NaCl; production of variable amounts of PHB as intracellular granules; nitrogen fixation under microaerophilic conditions; IAA synthesis in the presence of L-tryptophan...
February 15, 2024: Microbiological Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38452403/mechanic-evaluation-of-wu-mei-pill-on-colitis-associated-colorectal-cancer-an-integrated-transcriptomics-metabolomics-and-experimental-validation-study
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huantian Cui, Yutong Jin, Ning Wang, Haizhao Liu, Rongli Shu, Jida Wang, Xiangling Wang, Beitian Jia, Yiyang Wang, Yuhong Bian, Weibo Wen
BACKGROUND: Chronic intestinal inflammatory diseases play a crucial role in the onset of colorectal cancer (CRC). Effectively impeding the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) can be instrumental in hindering CRC development. Wu-Mei-Pill (WMP), a formulation comprising various herbal extracts, is clinically employed for CAC treatment, yet the underlying mechanism of WMP's efficacy in CAC remains unclear. Our study firstly demonstrated the effects and mechanisms of WMP on transcriptional and metabolic levels based on integrated transcriptomics and untargeted metabolomics and relative experimental validations...
March 2, 2024: Phytomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38449795/pioglitazone-a-peroxisome-proliferator%C3%A2-activated-receptor-%C3%AE-agonist-induces-cell-death-and-inhibits-the-proliferation-of-hypoxic-hepg2-cells-by-promoting-excessive-production-of-reactive-oxygen-species
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guohao Huang, Mengfan Zhang, Manzhou Wang, Wenze Xu, Xuhua Duan, Xinwei Han, Jianzhuang Ren
Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumors. Hypoxic cancer cells adjust their metabolic characteristics to regulate the production of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and facilitate ROS-mediated metastasis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor that regulates the transcription of fatty acid metabolism-related genes that have a key role in the survival and proliferation function of hypoxic cancer cells. In the present study, mRNA expression in HepG2 cells under chemically induced hypoxia was assessed...
April 2024: Oncology Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440144/short-chain-fatty-acids-in-breast-milk-and-their-relationship-with-the-infant-gut-microbiota
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Menglu Xi, Yalu Yan, Sufang Duan, Ting Li, Ignatius Man-Yau Szeto, Ai Zhao
INTRODUCTION: The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) contained in breast milk play a key role in infant growth, affecting metabolism and enhancing intestinal immunity by regulating inflammation. METHODS: In order to examine the associations between the microbiota and SCFA levels in breast milk, and explore the roles of SCFAs in regulating the infant gut microbiota, we enrolled 50 paired mothers and infants and collected both breast milk and infant fecal samples. Breast milk SCFA contents were determined by UPLC-MS, and whole genome shotgun sequencing was applied to determine the microbial composition of breast milk and infant feces...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438237/parallel-electromembrane-extraction-of-peptides-with-monoterpene-and-medium-length-fatty-acid-deep-eutectic-solvents
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samira Dowlatshah, Torstein Kige Rye, Frederik André Hansen, Trine Grønhaug Halvorsen, Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard
BACKGROUND: Electromembrane extraction (EME) involves the process of mass transfer of charged analytes from an aqueous sample through an organic liquid membrane into an aqueous acceptor medium under the influence of an electrical field. Successful solvation of the analyte within the liquid membrane is of paramount importance and involves molecular interactions with the liquid membrane. In this comprehensive investigation, parallel EME was examined using a training set of 13 model peptides employing deep eutectic solvents as the liquid membrane...
April 8, 2024: Analytica Chimica Acta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432994/medium-chain-triacylglycerols-mcts-and-their-fractions-in-drug-delivery-systems-a-systematic-review
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohd Hanif Zulfakar, Hariny Pubadi, Salizatul Ilyana Ibrahim, Nuriana Munirah Hairul
Medium-chain triacylglycerol (MCT) is a type of triacylglycerol that has six or seven to twelve carbon chains. It consists of three molecules of fatty acids attached to one molecule of glycerol. Drug delivery system (DDS) is defined as a formulation to distribute drugs into the human body. The unique properties of MCTs have garnered interest in using them as excipients in DDS. Even though there are many significant effects attributed to the use of MCTs, especially in modulating the rate of drug delivery in various DDS, they are all limited and intermittent...
2024: Journal of Oleo Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429186/identification-of-cheese-rancidity-related-lipases-in-aspergillus-oryzae-ahu-7139
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Napaporn Chintagavongse, Haruto Kumura, Toru Hayakawa, Jun-Ichi Wakamatsu, Koichi Tamano
The adjunct product with enzymatic activity from Aspergillus oryzae is beneficial for flavor enrichment in the ripened cheese. However, an excessive lipolytic reaction leads to the release of volatile free fatty acids. Accordingly, a strong off-flavor (i.e., rancidity) has been detected when A. oryzae AHU 7139 is used. To identify the rancidity-related lipase from this strain, we evaluated the substrate specificity and lipase distribution using five mutants cultured on a whey-based solid medium under different initial pH conditions...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426669/gc-ms-based-metabolomics-unravels-metabolites-across-larval-development-and-diapause-of-a-specialist-insect
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marília Elias Gallon, Eduardo Afonso Silva-Junior, Leonardo Gobbo-Neto
Plant-insect interactions are a driving force into ecosystem evolution and community dynamics. Many insect herbivores enter diapause, a developmental arrest stage in anticipation of adverse conditions, to survive and thrive through seasonal changes. Herein, we investigated the roles of medium- to non-polar metabolites during larval development and diapause in a specialist insect herbivore, Chlosyne lacinia, reared on Aldama robusta leaves. Varying metabolites were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics...
March 1, 2024: Chemistry & Biodiversity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38422369/long-non-coding-rna-kb-1460a1-5-promotes-ferroptosis-by-inhibiting-mtor-srebp-1-scd1-mediated-polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-desaturation-in-glioma
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lixia Xu, Binli Wen, Qiaoli Wu, Shan Lu, Jianwen Liao, Lidong Mo, Qingguo Li, Xiaoguang Tong, Hua Yan
Ferroptosis is a new form of regulated cell death caused by the iron-dependent peroxidation of phospholipids and is related to cell metabolism, redox homeostasis and various signalling pathways related to cancer. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) KB-1460A1.5 acts as a tumour suppressor gene to regulate tumour growth in gliomas, but its molecular network regulatory mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we found that KB-1460A1.5 can induce ferroptosis in glioma and enhance sensitivity to RSL3, a ferroptosis inducer...
February 29, 2024: Carcinogenesis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38419530/comparison-of-mir-106b-mir-191-and-mir-30d-expression-dynamics-in-milk-with-regard-to-its-composition-in-holstein-and-ayrshire-cows
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marina Vladimirovna Pozovnikova, Viktoria Borisovna Leibova, Olga Vasilievna Tulinova, Elena Anatolyevna Romanova, Artem Pavlovich Dysin, Natalia Viktorovna Dementieva, Anastasiia Ivanovna Azovtseva, Sergey Evgenievich Sedykh
OBJECTIVE: Milk composition varies considerably and depends on paratypical, genetic, and epigenetic factors. MiRNAs belong to the class of small non-coding RNAs; they are one of the key tools of epigenetic control because of their ability to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. We compared the relative expression levels of miR-106b, miR-191, and miR-30d in milk to demonstrate the relationship between the content of these miRNAs with protein and fat components of milk in Holstein and Ayrshire cattle...
February 28, 2024: Animal bioscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38419446/no-effects-of-decanoic-acid-on-locomotor-activity-and-antioxidant-defences-in-an-experimental-animal-model-of-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sonia Carreón-Trujillo, Juan Carlos Corona
BACKGROUND: Medium-chain triglycerides such as decanoic acid (C10), which is one of the fatty acids that constitute dietary fats, are of substantial interest for their potential therapeutic effects on neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the effects of C10 on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remain to be studied. We explored the effects of C10 on behavioural activity and antioxidant defences in an experimental animal model of ADHD. METHODS: To establish an experimental animal model of ADHD, neonatal rats were subjected to unilateral striatal lesions using 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)...
February 19, 2024: Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38419072/shared-and-more-specific-genetic-determinants-and-pathways-underlying-yeast-tolerance-to-acetic-butyric-and-octanoic-acids
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marta N Mota, Madalena Matos, Nada Bahri, Isabel Sá-Correia
BACKGROUND: The improvement of yeast tolerance to acetic, butyric, and octanoic acids is an important step for the implementation of economically and technologically sustainable bioprocesses for the bioconversion of renewable biomass resources and wastes. To guide genome engineering of promising yeast cell factories toward highly robust superior strains, it is instrumental to identify molecular targets and understand the mechanisms underlying tolerance to those monocarboxylic fatty acids...
February 29, 2024: Microbial Cell Factories
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38416309/ancut1-a-novel-thermoalkaline-cutinase-from-aspergillus-nidulans-and-its-application-on-hydroxycinnamic-acids-lipophilization
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carolina Peña-Montes, Eva Bermúdez-García, Denise Castro-Ochoa, Fernanda Vega-Pérez, Katia Esqueda-Domínguez, José Augusto Castro-Rodríguez, Augusto González-Canto, Laura Segoviano-Reyes, Arturo Navarro-Ocaña, Amelia Farrés
One of the four cutinases encoded in the Aspergillus nidulans genome, ANCUT1, is described here. Culture conditions were evaluated, and it was found that this enzyme is produced only when cutin is present in the culture medium, unlike the previously described ANCUT2, with which it shares 62% amino acid identity. The differences between them include the fact that ANCUT1 is a smaller enzyme, with experimental molecular weight and pI values of 22 kDa and 6, respectively. It shows maximum activity at pH 9 and 60 °C under assayed conditions and retains more than 60% of activity after incubation for 1 h at 60 °C in a wide range of pH values (6-10) after incubations of 1 or 3 h...
February 28, 2024: Biotechnology Letters
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