Thyroid teratoma treatment

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Struma ovarii (SO), is a rare and specialized ovarian teratoma. The treatment is controversial depending on the risk of recurrence and metastasis. Here a SO with papillary thyroid carcinoma is reported and the approach is thoroughly discussed. ABSTRACT: Struma ovarii (SO) is a highly specialized ovarian teratoma primarily composed of thyroid tissue. Clinical features associated with SO include lower abdominal discomfort, unusual vaginal bleeding, ascites, and hyperthyroidism...

SUMMARY: Struma ovarii is an ovarian teratoma that comprises 2-5% of all ovarian teratomas. Malignant transformation of struma ovarii occurs in less than 5% of all cases, and metastatic disease is even rarer. We report two cases initially diagnosed with benign struma ovarii that presented malignant transformation, specifically highly differentiated follicular carcinoma of the ovary (HDFCO), some years after the first diagnosis. Case 1 concerns a 37-year-old female featuring HDFCO of the right ovary with multiple metastatic foci, who was diagnosed with benign struma ovarii 14 years ago...

BACKGROUND: Malignant Struma Ovarii (MSO) is a rare type of germ cell tumour which is diagnosed postoperatively on surgical pathology specimens by the presence of differentiated thyroid cancer in mature cystic teratomas in the ovaries. Treatment and follow-up procedures are not clearly established due to the paucity of MSO cases. CASE 1: A 44-year-old multiparous female presented with an irregular period. Ultrasound showed a left ovarian lesion mostly a dermoid cyst, however, CT showed a 3...

Malignant tumors of the head and neck are rare in children, but it is important to know these lesions and identify them early in order to have a good outcome for these patients. Benign lesions of the head and neck are much more frequent and have an excellent prognosis. For this reason, it is necessary to recognize the warning signs and symptoms and understand when to refer the patient to a reference center for the treatment of these pathologies. The clinical presentation of both benign and malignant lesions in children may be similar as usually, both categories have compressive effects...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Malignant transformation within mature cystic teratomas is a rare occurrence, with an estimated risk ranging from 0.17 % to 2 %. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignancy associated with this condition, while papillary thyroid carcinoma rarely presents within ovarian teratomas. This transformation predominantly affects postmenopausal women but can, albeit rarely, manifest in younger women. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 37-year-old woman who was incidentally found to have a right ovarian cyst measuring 20 × 20 × 10 mm during a cesarean section, displaying characteristic features of a teratoma...

Struma ovarii is an infrequent type of teratoma arising from the ovary accounting for only 2% of all ovarian teratomas. These tumors have a benign biology with rare malignant transformation in about 3% of cases. The most common malignant transformation that arises from struma ovarii is papillary thyroid carcinoma. These neoplasms act in the same way as those arising from the thyroid gland, but due to the rarity of their occurrence there is still a debate over therapeutic options. We present a case of a 41-year-old Ethiopian Para IX woman presented with abdominal swelling for four years, accompanied by dull pain, satiety, and weight loss...

Struma ovarii (SO) is a monodermal teratoma containing at least 50% thyroid tissue. Classically, SO is a hormonally inactive benign neoplasm that occurs in premenopausal women, and has unspecific clinical and imaging features. Its treatment is surgical and its diagnosis is established histopathologically. We report the case of a euthyroid 16-year-old girl presenting with abdominal girth increase. An abdomino-pelvic ultrasound showed a giant multicystic mass with transonic content and multiple septa, and magnetic resonance imaging suggested the diagnosis of right ovarian mucinous cystadenoma...

Mature cystic ovarian teratoma (dermoid cyst) is the most common germ cell tumor. Malignant tissue alteration in mature cystic teratoma is extremely rare, and malignant proliferation of thyroid tissue has been documented in only a few cases. This article presents a case of incidentally detected papillary microcarcinoma (PTMC) within a mature cystic ovarian teratoma. A 42-year-old patient with an ultrasound-suspected dermoid cyst was indicated for surgical treatment. Laparoscopic adnexectomy was performed, and a cystic-solid tumor 3...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: In this case of struma ovarii a right-sided ovarian mass contained features of papillary thyroid cancer. Diagnostic iodine-123 revealed multiple foci of extraovarian spread, likely as a manifestation of concomitant peritoneal strumosis. Unilateral oophorectomy, partial peritonectomy, and adjuvant iodine-131 treatment were performed for successful curative treatment. ABSTRACT: Struma ovarii is a rare form of mature teratoma defined by a predominance of thyroid tissue...

•Struma ovarii is a rare ovarian teratoma which consists of at least 50% thyroid tissue.•In 0.5-1% of cases the thyroid tissue in the struma ovarii undergoes a malignant transformation.•Patients should be divided into low and high-risk groups for synchronous thyroid carcinoma.•Patients with abnormalities on thyroid imaging should be considered as high-risk.•A thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine treatment can decrease the risk of recurrence.

Lymph node metastases in non-well differentiated thyroid cancer (non-WDTC) are common, both in the central compartment (levels VI and VII) and in the lateral neck (Levels II to V). Nodal metastases negatively affect prognosis and should be treated to maximize locoregional control while minimizing morbidity. In non-WDTC, the rate of nodal involvement is variable and depends on the histology of the tumor. For medullary thyroid carcinomas, poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas, and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, the high frequency of lymph node metastases makes central compartment dissection generally necessary...

Thyroid carcinoma originating in struma ovarii comprises a small minority of all cases of struma ovarii. Given the rarity of this diagnosis, literature to guide evaluation and management is limited. The most common carcinoma originating from struma ovarii is papillary thyroid carcinoma. Treatment includes surgery, including a fertility sparing approach if disease is confined to the ovary, with consideration of total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine ablation for high-risk pathologic features or disease spread beyond the ovary...

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are a rare form of sarcoma derived from Schwann cells. Major risk factors for development are neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) and prior radiation exposure. Tumor location is highly variable. We present a case of an extremely large MPNST tumor in the anterior mediastinum in a 66-year-old male. To the best of our knowledge, the 20.5 cm tumor is the first of its kind in a patient without clinical signs of NF1 or prior radiation exposure. The localization of this tumor to the anterior mediastinum is rarer, as the most common tumors presenting in this area are thyroid neoplasms, thymomas, teratomas, and lymphomas...

INTRODUCTION: Struma ovarii is a rare ovarian teratoma characterised by the unusual presence of thyroid tissue. Even though usually benign, malignant transformation is sometimes detected. We report such a case of malignant struma ovarii in a 29-year-old nulliparous woman who was managed systematically with fertility preservation and followed up to have a successful delivery. PATIENT INTERVENTION: The patient was diagnosed to have bilateral complex ovarian cyst when evaluated for pain abdomen...

BACKGROUND: Struma ovarii is a type of monodermal mature teratoma composed entirely or mainly of thyroid tissue, accounting for 1% to 3% of all ovarian teratomas and 0.3% to 1.0% of all ovarian tumors. Of which, struma ovarii with ascites and pleural effusion, called pseudo-Meigs'syndrome and raised cancer antigen-125 levels (CA 125) is even rarer. CASE SUMMARY: This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of a patient of struma ovarii with pseudo-Meigs'syndrome, presenting with the clinical features of ovarian carcinoma: Complex pelvic mass, gross ascites, right pleural effusion and markedly elevated serum CA 125 levels...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Struma ovarii is a monodermal teratoma which characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue. The symptoms of this tumor are nonspecific and thus misdiagnosis and indifference to other ovarian lesions are very common. CASE PRESENTATION: Herein, we described a case of struma ovarii that was successfully diagnosed and managed. The tumor is mimicking a malignant tumor based on ascites and tumor marker assessments. Although, thyroid function indices are normal...

Introduction: Malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is a rare thyroid cancer arising within an ovarian teratoma. While surgical excision of the primary tumor is widely accepted as standard of care, recommendations for adjuvant treatment of MSO-whether or not to administer radioactive iodine (RAI)-are based largely on case reports and remain debated. In this study, we aimed to propose a risk stratification and analyze RAI utilization patterns in MSO cases. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for patients with MSO between 2004 and 2016...

Struma ovarii (SO) is a monodermal teratoma predominantly composed of thyroid tissue (TT) showing benign, "proliferative", or malignant histology. By imaging, a 38-year-old patient with lower backache revealed a 6.2-cm vertebral lesion (L5). Core biopsy showed well-differentiated TT without features of papillary carcinoma. A 3.5-cm left ovarian mature teratoma (lacking TT) and peritoneal nodules (showing well-differentiated TT) were also identified and surgically removed. Thyroid ultrasound and cytological examination resulted negative...

Struma ovarii (SO) is an uncommon monodermal teratoma predominantly composed of mature thyroid tissue. Approximately 5% of SO are malignant; however, metastases are rare. A single female in her 40s, with a medical history of Graves' disease and bilateral cystectomy 10 years prior for right endometriotic cyst and left SO, presented with an enlarging abdominal mass for 4 months. Ultrasound pelvis showed a 13.8 cm left adnexal heterogeneous solid-cystic mass with internal septations and vascularity. She underwent open left salpingo-oophorectomy and resection of fibrous nodules from the right infundibulo-pelvic ligament and fallopian tube...

Strumal carcinoid is an unusual rare ovarian teratoma characterized by the presence of thyroid tissue with a carcinoid tumor. We report a case of a 60-year-old nulliparous woman, who presented with complaints of a decrease in appetite, urinary frequency, and left lower extremity edema. By ultrasound of the abdomen, a large multiloculated cystic lesion occupying almost the entire pelvis and measuring 24 x 14 x 20 cm with internal debris concerning either uterine or ovarian cystic carcinoma was seen. By MRI, it was confirmed to be an ovarian lesion...