keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535693/quantifying-the-size-dependent-shear-banding-behavior-in-high-entropy-alloy-based-nanolayered-glass
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kaiqing Dai, Chun Zhang, Wenjun Lu, Jianjun Li
Extensive research has shown that nanolayered structures are capable of suppressing the shear banding in metallic glass in nanoindentation experiments. However, the specific mode and mechanism of the shear banding underneath the indenter remains unknown. Also, the quantification of shear banding-induced strain localization is still a challenge. Herein, the size-dependent shear banding behavior of a CuTiZrNb high-entropy alloy-based nanolayered glass with individual layer thicknesses ( h ) ranging from 5 to 80 nm was systematically investigated by nanoindentation tests...
March 20, 2024: Nanomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535419/unveiling-the-chaos-in-postural-control-in-adults-with-achondroplasia
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Inês Alves, Maria António Castro, Sofia Tavares, Orlando Fernandes
BACKGROUND: Achondroplasia is a rare genetic skeletal condition characterized by disproportionate short stature. There is limited evidence on postural control in adults with achondroplasia and how lower limb lengthening (intervention) interacts with body dynamics. This study investigated sway variability during quiet standing in adults with achondroplasia with natural growth (N) and with lower limb lengthening (LL). METHODS: Sixteen adults performed bilateral/unilateral standing tasks...
February 26, 2024: Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533184/flexible-bayesian-inference-on-partially-observed-epidemics
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maxwell H Wang, Jukka-Pekka Onnela
Individual-based models of contagious processes are useful for predicting epidemic trajectories and informing intervention strategies. In such models, the incorporation of contact network information can capture the non-randomness and heterogeneity of realistic contact dynamics. In this article, we consider Bayesian inference on the spreading parameters of an SIR contagion on a known, static network, where information regarding individual disease status is known only from a series of tests (positive or negative disease status)...
April 2024: Journal of Complex Networks
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533039/evaluating-arsenic-contamination-in-northwestern-bangladesh-a-gis-based-assessment-of-groundwater-vulnerability-and-human-health-impacts
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Md Ahsan Habib, A H M Selim Reza, Md Irfanul Hasan, Md Aminul Ahsan, Md Moniruzzaman, Asma Binta Hasan, Shofiul Islam Shofi, Kayesh Mahmud Hridoy
One of the biggest environmental worries in the world today is the risk of arsenic (As) contamination in groundwater. The Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) was used in this work to assess the As content in groundwater samples from 38 shallow (27 m) tubewells in northwest Bangladesh to determine the existing situation, potential source(s), and likely health risk of As and other important water quality parameters. The range of arsenic concentrations (μgL-1 ) was troublesome and greater than the WHO recommended level for drinking water, ranging from 0...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521123/neospora-caninum-antibodies-in-bulk-tank-milk-from-dairy-cattle-herds-in-italy-in-relation-to-reproductive-and-productive-parameters-and-spatial-analysis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luca Villa, Carolina Allievi, Anna Rita Di Cerbo, Sergio Aurelio Zanzani, Flavio Sommariva, Lucio Zanini, Michele Mortarino, Maria Teresa Manfredi
Among the available diagnostic techniques, antibody detection in bulk tank milk (BTM) represents a useful tool to estimate and monitor Neospora caninum herd prevalence. To evaluate the prevalence of N. caninum and the effect of parasite infection on herd performances, BTM samples collected from 586 dairy herds located in one of the largest dairy production areas in Italy (Lombardy) were analyzed by an indirect ELISA to detect anti-N. caninum specific antibodies. Generalized linear models (GLMs) were developed...
March 21, 2024: Acta Tropica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512768/mnfe-microbiome-network-flow-entropy-for-detecting-pre-disease-states-of-type-1-diabetes
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rong Gao, Peiluan Li, Yueqiong Ni, Xueqing Peng, Jing Ren, Luonan Chen
In the development of Type 1 diabetes (T1D), there are critical states just before drastic changes, and identifying these pre-disease states may predict T1D or provide crucial early-warning signals. Unlike gene expression data, gut microbiome data can be collected noninvasively from stool samples. Gut microbiome sequencing data contain different levels of phylogenetic information that can be utilized to detect the tipping point or critical state in a reliable manner, thereby providing accurate and effective early-warning signals...
2024: Gut Microbes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511658/crest-a-program-for-the-exploration-of-low-energy-molecular-chemical-space
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philipp Pracht, Stefan Grimme, Christoph Bannwarth, Fabian Bohle, Sebastian Ehlert, Gereon Feldmann, Johannes Gorges, Marcel Müller, Tim Neudecker, Christoph Plett, Sebastian Spicher, Pit Steinbach, Patryk A Wesołowski, Felix Zeller
Conformer-rotamer sampling tool (CREST) is an open-source program for the efficient and automated exploration of molecular chemical space. Originally developed in Pracht et al. [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 22, 7169 (2020)] as an automated driver for calculations at the extended tight-binding level (xTB), it offers a variety of molecular- and metadynamics simulations, geometry optimization, and molecular structure analysis capabilities. Implemented algorithms include automated procedures for conformational sampling, explicit solvation studies, the calculation of absolute molecular entropy, and the identification of molecular protonation and deprotonation sites...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Chemical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509892/interval-based-sparse-ensemble-multi-class-classification-algorithm-for-terahertz-data
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chengyong Zheng, Xiaowen Zha, Shengjie Cai, Jing Cui, Qian Li, Zhijing Ye
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has been widely used for food and drug identification. The classification information of a THz spectrum usually does not exist in the whole spectral band but exists only in one or several small intervals. Therefore, feature selection is indispensable in THz-based substance identification. However, most THz-based identification methods empirically intercept the low-frequency band of the THz absorption coefficients for analysis. In order to adaptively find out important intervals of the THz spectra, an interval-based sparse ensemble multi-class classifier (ISEMCC) for THz spectral data classification is proposed...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507279/brain-network-entropy-depression-and-quality-of-life-in-people-with-traumatic-brain-injury-and-seizure-disorders
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jane B Allendorfer, Rodolphe Nenert, Adam M Goodman, Pranav Kakulamarri, Stephen Correia, Noah S Philip, W Curt LaFrance, Jerzy P Szaflarski
OBJECTIVE: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often precedes the onset of epileptic (ES) or psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) with depression being a common comorbidity. The relationship between depression severity and quality of life (QOL) may be related to resting-state network complexity. We investigated these relationships in adults with TBI-only, TBI + ES, or TBI + PNES using Sample Entropy (SampEn), a measure of physiologic signals complexity. METHODS: Adults with TBI-only (n = 60), TBI + ES (n = 21), or TBI + PNES (n = 56) completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; depression symptom severity) and QOL in Epilepsy (QOLIE-31) assessments and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI)...
March 20, 2024: Epilepsia Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499922/hydrogeochemical-evolution-processes-groundwater-quality-and-non-carcinogenic-risk-assessment-of-nitrate-enriched-groundwater-to-human-health-in-different-seasons-in-the-hawler-erbil-and-bnaslawa-urbans-iraq
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jawhar Mohammed-Shukur Tawfeeq, Erkan Dişli, Masoud Hussein Hamed
The main objectives of this research are to assess groundwater, a primary source of drinking water in the urban areas of Hawler (Erbil) and Bnaslawa in northern Iraq, and the non-carcinogenic human health risks of nitrate contamination associated with drinking water quality. For this purpose, twenty-seven groundwater samples were collected from wells to assess the hydrogeochemical characteristics and groundwater quality for both natural and anthropogenic purposes during the wet (May 2020) and dry (September 2020) seasons...
March 18, 2024: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492765/the-effects-of-nature-based-vs-indoor-settings-on-the-adaptability-performance-and-affect-of-calisthenics-exercisers-a-registered-report
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Henrique Brito, Henrique Lopes, Margarida Carvalho, Daniel Carrilho, Adriano Carvalho, Duarte Araújo
Comparisons of the beneficial effects of nature-based versus indoor physical activity have been extensively reported, but existing research addresses mainly aerobic activity (running, jogging), not other types. It is unclear if the psychological effects extend to functionality, i.e., if participants perform their activities better in nature. The present study investigated how engaging in similar exercise in nature-based and indoor settings differs in affective valence, perceived exertion, visual attention, movement adaptability, heart rate variability, and performance...
March 14, 2024: Psychology of Sport and Exercise
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489297/alterations-in-stride-to-stride-fluctuations-in-patients-with-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-during-a-self-paced-treadmill-6-minute-walk-test
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wai-Yan Liu, Martijn A Spruit, Jeannet M Delbressine, Paul J Willems, Jennifer M Yentes, Sjoerd M Bruijn, Frits M E Franssen, Emiel F M Wouters, Kenneth Meijer
Evaluating variability and stability using measures for nonlinear dynamics may provide additional insight into the structure of the locomotor system, reflecting the neuromuscular system's organization of gait. This is in particular of interest when this system is affected by a respiratory disease and it's extrapulmonary manifestations. This study assessed stride-to-stride fluctuations and gait stability in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) during a self-paced, treadmill 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and its association with clinical outcomes...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487098/physically-meaningful-surrogate-data-for-copd
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harry J Davies, Ghena Hammour, Hongjian Xiao, Patrik Bachtiger, Alexander Larionov, Philip L Molyneaux, Nicholas S Peters, Danilo P Mandic
The rapidly increasing prevalence of debilitating breathing disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), calls for a meaningful integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into respiratory healthcare. Deep learning techniques are "data hungry" whilst patient-based data is invariably expensive and time consuming to record. To this end, we introduce a novel COPD-simulator, a physical apparatus with an easy to replicate design which enables rapid and effective generation of a wide range of COPD-like data from healthy subjects, for enhanced training of deep learning frameworks...
2024: IEEE open journal of engineering in medicine and biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38483803/spark-a-high-efficiency-black-box-domain-adaptation-framework-for-source-privacy-preserving-drowsiness-detection
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liqiang Yuan, Ruilin Li, Jian Cui, Mohammed Yakoob Siyal
Developing an effective and efficient electroencephalography (EEG)-based drowsiness monitoring system is crucial for enhancing road safety and reducing the risk of accidents. For general usage, cross-subject evaluation is indispensable. Despite progress in unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) and source-free domain adaptation (SFDA) methods, these often rely on the availability of labeled source data or white-box source models, posing potential privacy risks. This study explores a more challenging setting of UDA for EEG-based drowsiness detection, termed black-box domain adaptation (BBDA)...
March 14, 2024: IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482110/individuals-with-multiple-sclerosis-exhibit-more-regular-center-of-mass-accelerations-after-physical-therapy
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brenda L Davies, Rashelle M Hoffman, Heidi Reelfs, Kathleen G Volkman, Max J Kurz
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to explore if a physical therapy program involving strength, flexibility, balance, and walking can improve the uncharacteristic gait variability and overall mobility of persons living with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). DESIGN: Pre-post design to evaluate the mobility improvements after undergoing 6 weeks of a gait and balance physical therapy intervention. SETTING: The initial 2 weeks were conducted at a medical center under close supervision of a physical therapist...
March 2024: Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481572/assessing-the-impact-of-gait-speed-on-gait-stability-using-multi-scale-entropy-fused-with-plantar-pressure-signals
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zilei Hu, Miaomiao Li, Jiale Wei, Jing Zhao, Xiaojing Tang, Haicheng Wei
Introduction: Walking speed can affect gait stability and increase the risk of falling. Methods: In this study, we design a device to measure the distribution of the plantar pressure to investigate the impact of the walking speed on the stability of the human gait and movements of the body. We fused the entropy acquired at multiple scales with signals of the plantar pressure to evaluate the effects of the walking speed on the stability of the human gait. We simultaneously collected data on the motion-induced pressure from eight plantar regions to obtain the fused regional pressure...
2024: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479654/the-pseudoentropy-of-allele-frequency-trajectories-the-persistence-of-variation-and-the-effective-population-size
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nikolas Vellnow, Toni I Gossmann, David Waxman
To concisely describe how genetic variation, at individual loci or across whole genomes, changes over time, and to follow transitory allelic changes, we introduce a quantity related to entropy, that we term pseudoentropy. This quantity emerges in a diffusion analysis of the mean time a mutation segregates in a population. For a neutral locus with an arbitrary number of alleles, the mean time of segregation is generally proportional to the pseudoentropy of initial allele frequencies. After the initial time point, pseudoentropy generally decreases, but other behaviours are possible, depending on the genetic diversity and selective forces present...
March 11, 2024: Bio Systems
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476621/a-model-for-bimodal-rates-and-proportions
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roberto Vila, Lucas Alfaia, André F B Menezes, Mehmet N Çankaya, Marcelo Bourguignon
The beta model is the most important distribution for fitting data with the unit interval. However, the beta distribution is not suitable to model bimodal unit interval data. In this paper, we propose a bimodal beta distribution constructed by using an approach based on the alpha-skew-normal model. We discuss several properties of this distribution, such as bimodality, real moments, entropies and identifiability. Furthermore, we propose a new regression model based on the proposed model and discuss residuals...
2024: Journal of Applied Statistics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475813/unveiling-spatial-disparities-in-basic-medical-and-health-services-insights-from-china-s-provincial-analysis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dainan Hou, Xin Wang
Based on the panel data of 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China from 2012 to 2019, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of basic medical and health services in China from seven dimensions: medical and health facilities, health expenditure, medical services, traditional Chinese medicine hospital services, maternal and child health care, people's health and medical security, disease control and public health. The entropy method was used to measure the level of basic medical and health services in China, and its spatial differences and convergence characteristics were further investigated...
March 12, 2024: BMC Health Services Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475216/research-on-sea-state-signal-recognition-based-on-beluga-whale-optimization-slope-entropy-and-one-dimensional-convolutional-neural-network
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuxing Li, Zhaoyu Gu, Xiumei Fan
This study introduces a novel nonlinear dynamic analysis method, known as beluga whale optimization-slope entropy (BWO-SlEn), to address the challenge of recognizing sea state signals (SSSs) in complex marine environments. A method of underwater acoustic signal recognition based on BWO-SlEn and one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) is proposed. Firstly, particle swarm optimization-slope entropy (PSO-SlEn), BWO-SlEn, and Harris hawk optimization-slope entropy (HHO-SlEn) were used for feature extraction of noise signal and SSS...
March 5, 2024: Sensors
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