pregnancy older

BACKGROUND: Our aim was to determine if prenatal factors, gestational age, birth weight and length, and childhood body mass index (BMI) are associated with the timing of puberty. METHODS: Our population-based study comprised 4826 girls and 5112 boys born between 1997 and 2002. Multiple linear regression modeled the relationships between the maternal and child predictors and the age at peak height velocity (PHV). RESULTS: Maternal smoking throughout pregnancy was associated with earlier age at PHV (-1...

IMPORTANCE: The accuracy of screening tests for alcohol use disorder (defined as a problematic pattern of alcohol use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress) requires reassessment to align with the latest definition in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (DSM-5). OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of screening tools in identifying individuals with alcohol use disorder as defined in the DSM-5. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: The databases of MEDLINE and Embase were searched (January 2013-February 2023) for original studies on the diagnostic accuracy of brief screening tools to identify alcohol use disorder according to the DSM-5 definition...

Introduction: A substantial percentage of patients undergoing bariatric surgery are of childbearing age. Pregnancy outcomes after bariatric surgery are known. However, there are limited data on the impact of pregnancy on weight loss after surgery. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effects of pregnancy on post-bariatric surgery weight loss trajectories (WLTs) and to determine the association with age and initial weight. Methods: All who had primary bariatric surgeries (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or sleeve) between September 2015 and July 2020 were classified into two groups: post-surgery gravid (GG) and post-surgery non-gravid (NG)...

BACKGROUND: Younger women with previous preeclampsia have an increased risk of coronary atherosclerosis. It is unknown if this risk is associated with the time of onset of preeclampsia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate if women with early-onset preeclampsia have a higher risk of coronary atherosclerosis compared to women with late-onset preeclampsia, independent of other perinatal risk factors. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 911 women with previous preeclampsia aged 35-55 years participated in a clinical follow-up study, including clinical examination, comprehensive questionnaires, and cardiac computed tomography scan 13 years (range 0-28) after index pregnancy...

BACKGROUND: After implementing the two-child policy, more Chinese women who had a previous delivery had their second child. Nevertheless, the impacts of parity on Gestational Diabetes (GDM) and macrosomia have not been fully confirmed. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the characteristics of pregnancy by parity and evaluate the association of parity with risks of GDM/macrosomia in a Chinese population. METHODS: A total of 193,410 pregnant women (including 148,293 primiparae and 45,117 multiparae) with complete information were included...

BACKGROUND: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, are risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) disease. Guidelines recommend that women with HDP be screened for the development of hypertension (HTN) within 6-12 months postpartum. However, the extent to which this early blood pressure (BP) screening is being performed and the impact on detection of CV risk factors is unknown. METHODS: Women with HDP and without pre-existing hypertension (HTN) who had at least 6 months of clinical follow-up were categorized by postpartum BP screening status: early BP screen (6-12 months after delivery) or late BP screen (≥12 months after delivery)...

BACKGROUND: Toxic heavy metal exposure and insufficiency or excess of essential heavy metals may have negative effects on pregnant women's health and fetal growth. To date, the predictors of pregnant women's heavy metal exposure levels remain unclear and vary with different regions. The study intended to explore potential predictors of exposure to heavy metals individually and high co-exposure to heavy metal mixtures. METHODS: We recruited 298 pregnant women in first trimester from prenatal clinics in Jinan, Shandong Province, China, and collected spot urine samples and questionnaire data on their demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, consumption of food and dietary supplement, and residential environment...

There is an increasing interest among professionals in cardiovascular medicine in women-specific risk variables related to gynecologic conditions over the life span. Although adverse lifestyle factors, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance are recognized as the most important risk factors in older women, there is still uncertainty over how to account for other risk variables. For instance, migraine from puberty onwards, chronic inflammatory conditions and mental stress affect cardiovascular risk in women...

BACKGROUND: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) exposures may negatively impact bone mineral accrual, but little is known about potential mitigators of this relation. We assessed whether associations of PFAS and their mixture with bone mineral content (BMC) in adolescence were modified by diet and physical activity. METHODS: We included 197 adolescents enrolled in a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort in Cincinnati, Ohio (2003-2006). At age 12 years, we collected serum for PFAS measurements and used dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry to measure BMC...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, are associated with cognitive decline later in life among U.S. Hispanic/Latina individuals. METHODS: The HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos) is a prospective population-based study of Hispanic/Latino individuals aged 18-74 years from four U.S. communities. This analysis included parous individuals aged 45 years or older who participated in the HCHS/SOL clinic study visit 1 (2008-2011) neurocognitive assessment and subsequently completed a repeat neurocognitive assessment as part of the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging ancillary study visit 2 (2015-2018)...

BACKGROUND: Migraine is common in women of reproductive age. This study aimed to (1) describe the prevalence of migraine in pregnant women in the UK, (2) identify drugs commonly prescribed for migraine during pregnancy and (3) identify characteristics associated with being prescribed medication for migraine during pregnancy. METHODS: The Clinical Practice Research Datalink pregnancy register, a database of pregnancy episodes identified in anonymised primary care health records, was used...

Age-disparate transactional sex is a major contributor to the disproportionate rates of HIV experienced by adolescent girls in sub-Saharan Africa, and a key driver of unintended adolescent pregnancy. This paper comprises one element of the impact evaluation of the Learning Initiative on Norms, Exploitation and Abuse (LINEA) radio drama intervention to prevent age-disparate transactional sex. It provides new insights into the radio drama's influence on distal drivers of age-disparate transactional sex identified in formative research: girls' own educational aspirations, and gendered attitudes towards work...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of maternal age and body mass index (BMI) on oral misoprostol induction of labor for late-term pregnancies. DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study (ClinicalTrial iD: NCT06184139), including only late-term pregnancies in healthy nulliparous women and single cephalic fetus with normal birthweight. Specify the type of study (randomized, prospective cohort, case-control, other) and include the number of study subjects (cases/controls), treatment type and duration, sampling procedures if applicable...

BACKGROUND: Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and childhood has been linked to executive function impairment in children, however, very few studies have assessed these two exposure periods jointly to identify susceptible periods of exposure. We sought to identify potential periods of susceptibility of nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) exposure from conception to childhood on attentional function and working memory in school-aged children. METHODS: Within the Spanish INMA Project, we estimated residential daily NO2 exposures during pregnancy and up to 6 years of childhood using land use regression models (n = 1,703)...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level and early pregnancy loss in patients who underwent their first embryo transfer by hormone replacement therapy-frozen-thawed embryo transfer (HRT-FET) and analyze the threshold effect. METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on pregnant women undergoing HRT-FET at the Reproductive Medical Center of Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2021...

Background In the Western Cape, South Africa, public-sector individual-level routine data are consolidated from multiple sources through the Provincial Health Data Centre (PHDC). This enables the description of temporal changes in population-wide antenatal HIV seroprevalence. We evaluated the validity of these data compared to aggregated program data and population-wide sentinel antenatal HIV seroprevalence surveys for the Western Cape province. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of all pregnancies identified in the PHDC from January 2011 to December 2020...

To date, safe and effective strategies to prevent medically attended RSV illness across the infant population have been limited to passive immunoprophylaxis for those at highest risk. While active vaccination strategies are finally available to protect adults 60 years and older from serious RSV infection, safe and effective vaccines for use in children have yet to emerge. In contrast, passive immunization strategies designed to protect all infants against RSV has finally met with success, with two new strategies approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration during the second half of 2023...

BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, distinct population subsets, including pregnant women, have been differentially affected. While over 90% of COVID-19-infected pregnant women experience a benign course, a subset demonstrates marked clinical exacerbation. Symptomatic pregnant individuals, in particular, present a heightened risk of severe disease in comparison to their non-pregnant counterparts. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to systematically evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in pregnant women, assess related maternal mortalities, ascertain the case fatality rate, and delineate associated risk factors...

BACKGROUND: Abortion behaviors among individuals with mental disorders presented major obstacles to women's health. However, few studies reported the prevalence and associated factors of abortion among women with severe mental disorders in China. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of abortion among female patients in rural communities and identify potential health risks. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional study of 276 women aged 18 years and older with severe mental disorders in rural areas of Shandong Province, China...

Background : Lifestyle factors significantly impact overall health. Our aim was to assess reproductive health awareness among patients who applied for emergency contraceptive pills. Methods : This present retrospective observational study between July 2021 and September 2021 is embedded in the MEEC (Motivation and Epidemiology of Emergency Contraceptive Pill) based on the study cohort of a Hungarian data bank containing follow-up data of 447 women who applied for EC telemedicine consultation. Collected data: age, history of previous pregnancy, lifestyle factors like smoking, alcohol consumption, sexual characteristics: partner consistency and protection during intercourse, cervical cancer screening within the past 2 years, previous HPV screening, and the preference for future contraceptive methods...