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REVIEW
Owen Jensen, Emma Trujillo, Luke Hanson, Kyla S Ost
The intestinal microbiome harbors fungi that pose a significant risk to human health as opportunistic pathogens and drivers of inflammation. Inflammatory and autoimmune diseases are associated with dysbiotic fungal communities and the expansion of potentially pathogenic fungi. The gut is also the main reservoir for disseminated fungal infections. Immune interactions are critical for preventing commensal fungi from becoming pathogenic. Significant strides have been made in defining innate and adaptive immune pathways that regulate intestinal fungi, and these discoveries have coincided with advancements in our understanding of the fungal molecular pathways and effectors involved in both commensal colonization and pathogenesis within the gut...
April 22, 2024: Infection and Immunity
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Impact of operational conditions on drinking water biofilm dynamics and coliform invasion potential.
Fien Waegenaar, Cristina García-Timermans, Josefien Van Landuyt, Bart De Gusseme, Nico Boon
UNLABELLED: Biofilms within drinking water distribution systems serve as a habitat for drinking water microorganisms. However, biofilms can negatively impact drinking water quality by causing water discoloration and deterioration and can be a reservoir for unwanted microorganisms. In this study, we investigated whether indicator organisms for drinking water quality, such as coliforms, can settle in mature drinking water biofilms. Therefore, a biofilm monitor consisting of glass rings was used to grow and sample drinking water biofilms...
April 22, 2024: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reema Madike, Khizar Rana, Sandy Patel, Dinesh Selva
Nocardia is a rare cause of ocular infections and most commonly occurs secondary to trauma. Systemic Nocardiosis may have ocular involvement in rare cases. We report a case of disseminated nocardiosis with orbital apex involvement and endophthalmitis in an immunocompromised patient. The patient presented with respiratory sepsis, and later developed complete ptosis and ophthalmoplegia in the left eye. This was on the background of treatment with high-dose prednisolone. Magnetic resonance imaging showed enhancement of the entire clivus, extending into the left orbital apex and cavernous sinus...
April 22, 2024: Orbit
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard C Harruff, William L Barbour, Nicole A Yarid
With the escalating overdose epidemic, many surveillance efforts have appeared. In 2018, King County Medical Examiner's Office (KCMEO) initiated a fatal overdose surveillance project aimed at expediting death certification and disseminating timely information. In this project, KCMEO investigators collected items of evidence of drug use from overdose death scenes, which were tested by five in-house methods, four using handheld devices: TruNarc Raman spectrometer, with and without the manufacture's H-Kit, Rigaku ResQ Raman spectrometer, and MX908 mass spectrometer...
April 22, 2024: Journal of Forensic Sciences
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandra Esperanza Velasco Forero, Nidia Johana Arias Becerra, Martha Rocío Torres Narváez, Mónica Alejandra Mondragón Barrera, Sara Munera Orozco, Mary Goldberg, Krithika Kandavel, Paola Rocio Esquivel Ortiz
Wheelchair provision training is essential to overcome barriers related to the lack of knowledge of health professionals on this topic. Appropriate knowledge of the service provision process may lead to higher quality service and products, and thus be more likely to help people with mobility impairments achieve the fundamental human right of personal mobility. This study aimed to describe a training intervention for two groups of future physiotherapists in Colombia, assess cohort differences in performance on a knowledge test, and explore their post-training perceptions...
April 22, 2024: Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology
#6
Ashton D Hall, Laura Victoria Medina Rodriguez, Jared Vearrier, Kavya Patel, Bryan C Hambley, Moises A Huaman
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading infectious killer worldwide. Over two-thirds of new TB diagnoses in the United States occur among first-generation immigrants, especially within a year of migration. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) accounts for a minority of lymphoma cases but presents similarly to disseminated or extrapulmonary TB. Clinical overlap between TB and HL increases patient risk of misdiagnosis. Concomitant presentation of both diseases is not uncommon but infrequently reported. We present a case of isoniazid-resistant TB with progressively worsening lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly despite appropriate TB treatment...
2024: IDCases
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Majesty Greer, Sai Kamma, Henry Tran, Bright Etumuse, Jay D Shah, Youshaa El-Abed, Jane O Onyemachi, Nasir Hussain, Thomas P Pittelkow, Ryan S D'Souza
INTRODUCTION: Acupuncture is commonly used to treat chronic pain. Patients often access public social media platforms for healthcare information when querying acupuncture. Our study aims to appraise the utility, accuracy, and quality of information available on YouTube, a popular social media platform, on acupuncture for chronic pain treatment. METHODS: Using search terms such as "acupuncture for chronic pain" and "acupuncture pain relief", the top 54 videos by view count were selected...
2024: Journal of Pain Research
#8
REVIEW
Qixin Gan, Yue Li, Yuejun Li, Haifen Liu, Daochuan Chen, Lanxiang Liu, Churan Peng
Worldwide, gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is recognized as one of the leading malignancies diagnosed in both genders, with mortality largely attributed to metastatic dissemination. It has been identified that in GI cancer, a variety of signaling pathways and key molecules are modified, leading to the emergence of an immunotolerance phenotype. Such modifications are pivotal in the malignancy's evasion of immune detection. Thus, a thorough analysis of the pathways and molecules contributing to GI cancer's immunotolerance is vital for advancing our comprehension and propelling the creation of efficacious pharmacological treatments...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdullah Al Ghailani, Abdullah Al Lawati, Fatma Al Kharusi, Ammar Al Shabibi, Anas Al Wahaibi, Ali Al Wardi, Abdullah Alyafai, Hamed Al Sinawi
INTRODUCTION: There is a continuous rise in the total number and percentage of elders globally, and as such, they are expected to utilize healthcare services more often. Therefore, this study aimed to determine doctors' and students' current knowledge and attitudes toward elders and compare those findings with other studies worldwide. The specific objectives of this study were to determine and compare the differences in attitudes between medical students and doctors regarding geriatrics...
March 2024: Curēus
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jocelyn To, Victoria J Horak, Donia Momen, Lekha Chirala, John Paul G Kolcun, Sandi Lam, Jeffrey Raskin
Introduction With crowd-sourced knowledge, patients arrive at their healthcare visits ready to play an active role. This exploratory study seeks to understand common concerns among patients and loved ones on Reddit, an anonymous internet forum. Ultimately, recognizing common concerns can aid providers in directing their conversations with patients. Methods Reddit posts in the "hot" tab of each subreddit were retroactively screened from September 1, 2022. Posts written within a five-year period were included...
March 2024: Curēus
#11
Rui Juan Song, Guang Lin Zhang
BACKGROUND: Nocardiosis is primarily an opportunistic infection affecting immunocompromised individuals, with a predilection for the lungs, brain, or skin in those with compromised immune function. Granulomatous hepatitis caused by Nocardia is a rare clinical manifestation. This study aims to provide a systematic overview of the clinical features of Nocardiosis caused by Nocardia farcinica, enhancing our understanding of this disease. METHODS: We report a case of a 75-year-old male with no underlying diseases presenting with a history of "recurrent fever for more than 4 months", along with fatigue, poor appetite, and pleural and abdominal effusion...
2024: Infection and Drug Resistance
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan Chan, Doreen Teng, Yin-Ping Teresa Teng, Qing Zhou
Emotion talk (ET), an emotion socialization practice theorized to promote children's emotion understanding and emotion regulation, has been linked to better socioemotional adjustment in diverse samples. Immigrant children face developmentally unique challenges and opportunities related to their multi-lingual and multi-cultural experiences. The present study aimed to identify sociocultural correlates of parent ET in two groups of low-income immigrant families with preschool-age children: Mexican American (MA) and Chinese American (CA) families...
May 2023: Social Development
#13
Yulia Kvasnevska, Mariia Faustova, Kseniia Voronova, Yaroslav Basarab, Yaroslava Lopatina
INTRODUCTION: Statistical data indicate a link between war and the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), then it is necessary to carefully analyze the factors that directly affect the identified pattern in order to overcome this problem. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to systematically analyze the factors that influence the spread of STIs during war. METHODS: The study included all original research articles and meta-analyses on the impact of war on the spread of sexually transmitted infections that met the following eligibility criteria: (1) articles published exclusively in English; (2) articles published in the period 2013-2023; (3) studies with quantitative, qualitative or mixed design...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kiran Paudel, Kamal Gautam, Prashamsa Bhandari, Sangam Shah, Jeffrey A Wickersham, Bibhav Acharya, Sabitri Sapkota, Samir Kumar Adhikari, Phanindra Prasad Baral, Archana Shrestha, Roman Shrestha
BACKGROUND: Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are prevalent within the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queers (LGBTQ) community, often exacerbated by challenges in accessing care and the perceived stigma and discrimination tied to disclosing one's identity. Digital health interventions that offer psychosocial self-help present a promising platform to reach individuals at risk of STBs, especially those who may not engage with conventional health services. This review aimed to assess the role of digital-based intervention in reducing STBs among LGBTQ individuals...
March 2024: Health Prospect
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel B Chastain, Qian Zhang, Xianyan Chen, Henry N Young, Carlos Franco-Paredes, Jose Tuells, George R Thompson, Andrés F Henao-Martínez
BACKGROUND: Emerging risk factors highlight the need for an updated understanding of cryptococcosis in the United States. OBJECTIVE: Describe the epidemiological trends and clinical outcomes of cryptococcosis in three patient groups: people with HIV (PWH), non-HIV-infected and non-transplant (NHNT) patients, and patients with a history of solid organ transplantation. METHODS: We utilized data from the Merative Medicaid Database to identify individuals aged 18 and above with cryptococcosis based on the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision diagnosis codes from January 2017 to December 2019...
2024: Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
#16
Shi B Chia, Bryan J Johnson, Junxiao Hu, Roel Vermeulen, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Fernando Guntoro, Hugh Montgomery, Meher Preethi Boorgula, Varsha Sreeka, Andrew Goodspeed, Bennett Davenport, Felipe V Pereira, Vadym Zaberezhnyy, Wolfgang E Schleicher, Dexiang Gao, Andreia N Cadar, Michael Papanicolaou, Afshin Beheshti, Stephen B Baylin, James Costello, Jenna M Bartley, Thomas E Morrison, Julio A Aguirre-Ghiso, Mercedes Rincon, James DeGregori
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer globally. Most deaths from breast cancer are due to metastatic disease which often follows long periods of clinical dormancy 1 . Understanding the mechanisms that disrupt the quiescence of dormant disseminated cancer cells (DCC) is crucial for addressing metastatic progression. Infection with respiratory viruses (e.g. influenza or SARS-CoV-2) is common and triggers an inflammatory response locally and systemically 2,3 . Here we show that influenza virus infection leads to loss of the pro-dormancy mesenchymal phenotype in breast DCC in the lung, causing DCC proliferation within days of infection, and a greater than 100-fold expansion of carcinoma cells into metastatic lesions within two weeks...
April 5, 2024: Research Square
#17
Amy C Moreno, Erin E Watson, Laia Humbert-Vidan, Douglas E Peterson, Lisanne V van Dijk, Teresa Guerrero Urbano, Lisa Van den Bosch, Andrew J Hope, Matthew S Katz, Frank J P Hoebers, Ruth A Aponte Wesson, James E Bates, Paolo Bossi, Adeyinka F Dayo, Mélanie Doré, Eduardo Rodrigues Fregnani, Thomas J Galloway, Daphna Y Gelblum, Issa A Hanna, Christina E Henson, Sudarat Kiat-Amnuay, Anke Korfage, Nancy Y Lee, Carol M Lewis, Charlotte Duch Lynggaard, Antti A Mäkitie, Marco Magalhaes, Yvonne M Mowery, Carles Muñoz-Montplet, Jeffrey N Myers, Ester Orlandi, Jaymit Patel, Jillian M Rigert, Deborah Saunders, Jonathan D Schoenfeld, Ugur Selek, Efsun Somay, Vinita Takiar, Juliette Thariat, Gerda M Verduijn, Alessandro Villa, Nick West, Max J H Witjes, Alex Won, Mark E Wong, Christopher M K L Yao, Simon W Young, Kamal Al-Eryani, Carly E A Barbon, Doke J M Buurman, François J Dieleman, Theresa M Hofstede, Abdul Ahad Khan, Adegbenga O Otun, John C Robinson, Lauren Hum, Jorgen Johansen, Rajesh Lalla, Alexander Lin, Vinod Patel, Richard J Shaw, Mark S Chambers, Daniel Ma, Mabi Singh, Noam Yarom, Abdallah Sherif Radwan Mohamed, Katherine A Hutcheson, Stephen Y Lai, Clifton David Fuller
PURPOSE: Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is a severe iatrogenic disease characterized by bone death after radiation therapy (RT) to the head and neck. With over 9 published definitions and at least 16 diagnostic/staging systems, the true incidence and severity of ORNJ are obscured by lack of a standard for disease definition and severity assessment, leading to inaccurate estimation of incidence, reporting ambiguity, and likely under-diagnosis worldwide. This study aimed to achieve consensus on an explicit definition and phenotype of ORNJ and related precursor states through data standardization to facilitate effective diagnosis, monitoring, and multidisciplinary management of ORNJ...
April 9, 2024: medRxiv
#18
Piotr Dzien, Ximena Raffo Iraolagoitia, Stephanie May, David Stevenson, Lynn McGarry, Dmitry Soloviev, Gavin Brown, Colin Nixon, Chrysa Kapeni, Maike De La Roche, Karen Blyth, Scott Lyons, Thomas Bird, Douglas Strathdee, Gilbert Fruhwirth, Leo Carlin, David Lewis
Imaging reporter genes are indispensable for visualising biological processes in living subjects, particularly in cancer research where they have been used to observe tumour development, cancer cell dissemination, and treatment response. Engineering reporter genes into the germline frequently involves single imaging modality reporters operating over limited spatial scales. To address these limitations, we developed an inducible triple-reporter mouse model (Rosa26 LSL - NRL ) that integrates reporters for complementary imaging modalities, fluorescence, bioluminescence and positron emission tomography (PET), along with inducible Cre-lox functionality for precise spatiotemporal control of reporter expression...
April 3, 2024: Research Square
#19
Hemasri Velmurugan, Krishnapriya Neelambaran, Meenalotchini Prakash Gurunthalingam, Dushyant Chouhan, Pugazhenthan Thangaraju, Bikram Keshari Kar, Nitin Rewaram Gaikwad
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is still one of the biggest causes of infection-related death around the world. Disseminated tuberculosis is a potentially fatal disease caused by the haematogenous spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. First-line anti-tuberculosis drugs in-clude isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. The first three drugs are known to cause hepatotoxicity. CASE PRESENTATION: We have, herein, reported a case of Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI) due to anti-tuberculosis therapy in a one-year-old male child with disseminated tuberculosis...
April 19, 2024: Infectious Disorders Drug Targets
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Binhong Han, Yuwei Dai, Jian Peng, Tianxiang Yuan, Qing Yin, Li Yang
OBJECTIVE: To delineate the clinical characteristics of antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and to investigate factors associated with long-term outcomes among antibody-negative AE. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with antibody-negative AE were recruited from January 2016 to December 2022 at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The study assessed the long-term outcomes of antibody-negative AE using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) and the Clinical Assessment Scale in Autoimmune Encephalitis (CASE)...
April 21, 2024: Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
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