Nephrotic sindrome

A 45-year-old woman suffering from primary hypothyroidism, previously well substituted with levothyroxine, was urgently referred from Primary Care to Endocrinology due to very elevated thyrotropin, free thyroxine at low limit of normality, very high cholesterol and generalised oedema. Hypothyroidism was suspected as the main aetiology of this clinical condition. A detailed examination showed nephrotic range proteinuria and the patient was finally diagnosed with lupus nephritis. Urinary loss of thyroid hormones, fundamentally linked to their transport proteins, in patients affected by nephrotic syndrome is sometimes a forgotten phenomenon and one which should be considered in patients with increased levothyroxine requirements...

BACKGROUND: Renal biopsy has become one of the pillars of nephrology practice, being a very important tool in the diagnostic approach of any nephrology center, since it contributes to the identification and adequate management of glomerular diseases, which represent the third cause of chronic kidney disease in the world. In Mexico there are few reports on the epidemiology of glomerular diseases; therefore, it is important to carry out this type of study. OBJECTIVE: To identify which are the main glomerulopathies reported in our center, Determine the most prevalent glomerular syndrome according to the reported glomerulopathy, and identify the main complications after percutaneous renal biopsy...

Nephrotic syndrome in patients with cancer may be related to the primary malignancy or chemotherapeutic therapy. Solid organ cancers may cause membranous glomerulonephritis which is manifested by nephrotic syndrome; other less common histologic presentations include focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal change disease. In addition, chemotherapy agents may cause renal toxicity by affecting the small blood vessels, glomeruli, tubules, and interstitium. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib may cause endothelial and podocyte damage leading to thrombotic microangiopathy affecting only the kidney and manifested by proteinuria and hypertension...

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Fifteen-year-old female patient, previously healthy, referred to our center for presenting abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, malar erythema, palpebral and lower limb edema, arthralgia, morning stiffness and bilateral blurred vision. Laboratory and imaging studies together with the clinic allowed the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus. Ophthalmology examination revealed a visual acuity of 8/10 in both eyes and bilateral disc edema with partial macular star, findings compatible with bilateral neuroretinitis...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is rare during pregnancy. The main cause is severe pre-eclampsia (PR). Our aim was to describe the clinical presentation, analytical features, medical management, and progress of women with NS due to PE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective study, conducted from 01/01/2017 to 01/01/2022 (5years). Women with a gestational age (GA) ≥20weeks were included in the study, hospitalised due to hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP), with no evidence of kidney damage prior to gestation...

BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids have had a central role in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. The management of these patients who become dependent to steroids is complex, involving different immunosuppressive drugs patterns. The monoclonal antibody anti CD20, Rituximab, is likely to have beneficial effects in cases of steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome patients with no easy resolution, even when we cannot make a statement about the specific role in the impact. We bring our personal experience in pediatric patients treated with this medication during the last years, to provide a thorough overview and useful information about the role of Rituximab in this pathology...

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical and radiological entity linked to multiple aetiologies with similar neuroimaging findings. Its incidence is unknown, and its pathogenesis is multifactorial, encompassing phenomena of endothelial dysfunction and cerebral flow autoregulation, inter alia. There is a wide variety of associated conditions, the most frequent being hypertension, eclampsia, and immunosuppressive therapy, along with other drugs, autoimmune diseases, and even uraemia. We present the case of a reversible posterior encephalopathy syndrome secondary to renal involvement as a debut form of AL amyloidosis...

INTRODUCTION: Primary nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common glomerular disease in children. We assessed the genotypes and frequency of the rs5370 allelic variant of the EDN1 gene in children with primary NS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a case-control study in Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Egypt between December 2015 and January 2018. We recruited 50 patients with steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) and 50 patients with steroid-resistant NS (SRNS) in addition to 100 healthy controls...

Nephrotic syndrome in patients with cancer may be related to the primary malignancy or chemotherapeutic therapy. Solid organ cancers may cause membranous glomerulonephritis manifesting with nephrotic syndrome; other less common histologic presentations include focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis and minimal change disease. In addition, chemotherapy agents can cause renal toxicity by affecting the small blood vessels, glomeruli, tubules, and interstitium. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib may cause endothelial and podocyte damage leading to renal limited thrombotic microangiopathy, manifested by proteinuria and hypertension...

INTRODUCCION: In nephrotic syndrome, increased podocyturia accompanies pathologic proteinuria. The therapeutic regimen with enalapril, losartan and amiloride could reduce both variables. OBJETIVES: Evaluate the anti-proteinuric effect of 2 non-immunological therapeutic regimens, the quantitative relationship between podocyturia and proteinuria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included children aged 4-12 years with corticoresistant nephrotic syndrome, using 2 different schemes: group A, enalapril + losartan, and group B, enalapril + losartan + amiloride...

Myocardial infarction is very rare in children. It can have different etiologies such as thromboembolism caused by nephrotic syndrome (NS). We report the case of a 15 year old boy with NS, diagnosed at the age of 7 year, admitted for prolonged chest pain. The final diagnosis was ST-elevation myocardial infarction with thromboembolism in the left anterior descending artery due to hypercoagulability of NS. This association is very uncommon and the management of both conditions presents a challenge.

Secondary hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) are the most common cause of excess triglyceride rich particles in plasma. Faced with HTG, the first thing to do is rule out if there is a secondary cause since it can interact with genetic susceptibility and further aggravate the HTG. The most common causes are diet with high fat and high glycemic index, obesity, diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, renal disease like nephrotic syndrome, hepatic disorders and medications. The most important medications that can influence in HTG are oestrogen, isotretinoin, immunosuppressant therapy, L-asparaginase and with less effect thiazides, beta blockers, atypical antipsychotics and glucocorticoids...

Myocardial infarction is very rare in children. It can have different etiologies such as thromboembolism caused by nephrotic syndrome (NS). We report the case of a 15 year old boy with NS, diagnosed at the age of 7 year, admitted for prolonged chest pain. The final diagnosis was ST-elevation myocardial infarction with thromboembolism in the left anterior descending artery due to hypercoagulability of NS. This association is very uncommon and the management of both conditions presents a challenge.

Primary membranous nephropathy is an autoimmune kidney disease and the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. About 70%-80% of cases are caused by anti-PLA2R antibodies. Its association with anti-THSD7A antibodies and other autoantibodies has also been described. Recent pilot studies and clinical trials have shown that several biological agents targeting autoantibody-producing cells are effective in controlling the disease with an acceptable safety profile. In this narrative review, we update key concepts about the pathogenesis, autoantibody-based diagnosis, and kidney biopsy findings in primary membranous nephropathy...

INTRODUCCION: In nephrotic syndrome, increased podocyturia accompanies pathologic proteinuria. The therapeutic regimen with enalapril, losartan and amiloride could reduce both variables. OBJETIVES: Evaluate the anti-proteinuric effect of 2 non-immunological therapeutic regimens, the quantitative relationship between podocyturia and proteinuria. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included children aged 4 to 12 years with corticoresistant nephrotic syndrome, using 2 different schemes: group A, enalapril+losartan, and group B, enalapril+losartan+amiloride...

BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids have had a central role in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. The management of these patients who become dependent to steroids is complex, involving different immunosuppressive drugs patterns. The monoclonal antibody anti CD20, Rituximab, is likely to have beneficial effects in cases of steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome patients with no easy resolution, even when we cannot make a statement about the specific role in the impact. We bring our personal experience in pediatric patients treated with this medication during the last years, to provide a thorough overview and useful information about the role of Rituximab in this pathology...

C1q nephropathy is a rare glomerulopathy characterized by mesangial deposition of the complement component C1q. These deposits can be isolated or associated with immunoglobulins or complement fractions, which are observed by immunofluorescence or immunohistochemical microscopy. In ultramicroscopy, dense mesangial deposits and alterations of the podocyte are observed. Clinically it presents as a nephrotic syndrome (NS) or by alterations of the urinalysis such as proteinuria and/or hematuria in children and young adults...

INTRODUCTION: Primary nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a common glomerular disease in children. We assessed the genotypes and frequency of the rs5370 allelic variant of the EDN1 gene in children with primary NS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a case-control study in Mansoura University Children's Hospital, Egypt, between December 2015 and January 2018. We recruited 50 patients with steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) and 50 patients with steroid-resistant NS (SRNS) in addition to 100 healthy controls...