keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520430/identifying-subgroups-of-youth-suicide-decedents-based-on-clinical-profiles-of-psychiatric-and-medical-diagnoses-a-latent-class-analysis
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda J Thompson, Christopher C Henrich, Danielle L Steelesmith, Jennifer Hughes, Donna Ruch, Jeffrey A Bridge, John V Campo, Cynthia A Fontanella
PURPOSE: To identify risk subgroups of youth suicide decedents using demographic and clinical psychiatric and medical diagnostic profiles to inform tailored youth suicide prevention efforts. METHODS: This study linked Ohio Medicaid and death certificate data for Medicaid enrolled youth aged 8-25 years who died by suicide between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2020 (N = 511). Latent class analysis was used to identify distinct clinical risk subgroups. RESULTS: Three latent classes were identified...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Adolescent Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518527/screening-the-general-population-for-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-model-development-and-validation
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tanya Mohammadi, Babak Mohammadi
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing worldwide. Screening the general population for this may help to select appropriate diagnostic and preventive measures before disease progression. AIMS: We aimed to develop a screening method to identify patients with NAFLD in the general population. METHODS: We analyzed cross-sectional data from a large Japanese study of NAFLD. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the data...
March 21, 2024: Archives of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518206/self-perception-of-risk-for-hiv-acquisition-and-calculated-risk-for-hiv-acquisition-among-active-duty-air-force-members-with-newly-diagnosed-hiv-infection
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Audie B Schmid, Jason F Okulicz, Walter Mika, Shilpa Hakre, Joseph M Yabes
INTRODUCTION: There have been nearly 1,600 new diagnoses of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) across the US Armed Forces between 2017 and 2022. While treatment has improved overall survival, self-perception of acquiring HIV may not align with actual risk of acquiring HIV, thus slowing diagnosis and treatment. We aim to evaluate self-perceived risk (SPR) versus calculated risk (CR) of HIV infection in US Air Force (USAF) members with incident HIV diagnosis. METHODS: All USAF members with new HIV diagnosis evaluated at a specialty care military medical center between January 2015 and March 2020 with case report forms were included (n = 142)...
March 22, 2024: Military Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515602/epidemiology-risk-factors-and-prevention-strategies-of-hiv-hpv-and-other-sexually-transmitted-infections-among-cisgender-and-transgender-youth-a-narrative-review
#24
REVIEW
Pierluigi Diana, Susanna Esposito
Adolescents face an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with alarming data especially concerning HIV. Limited data exists for teenagers regarding the influence of their gender identity (GI) and sexual orientation on the risk of STIs. This narrative review aims to analyse the available data to provide a comprehensive overview of STIs incidence and risk factors among adolescents, taking into account the unique circumstances related to various sexual orientations and GIs. Transgender and gender minority (TGM) youth experience more challenges accessing health services compared to cisgender youth...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515358/application-of-data-mining-technology-in-the-screening-for-gallbladder-stones-a-cross-sectional-retrospective-study-of-chinese-adults
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuang Wang, Chenhui Bao, Dongmei Pei
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to use data mining methods to establish a simple and reliable predictive model based on the risk factors related to gallbladder stones (GS) to assist in their diagnosis and reduce medical costs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. A total of 4215 participants underwent annual health examinations between January 2019 and December 2019 at the Physical Examination Center of Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University...
April 2024: Yonsei Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515297/chinese-national-clinical-practice-guidelines-on-the-prevention-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-early-gastric-cancer
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system in China. Few comprehensive practice guidelines for early gastric cancer in China are currently available. Therefore, we created the Chinese national clinical practice guideline for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of early gastric cancer. METHODS: This clinical practice guideline (CPG) was developed in accordance with the World Health Organization's recommended process and with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) in assessing evidence quality...
March 21, 2024: Chinese Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514506/-screening-risk-stratification-and-ct-imaging-for-assessment-of-coronary-artery-disease
#27
REVIEW
Leon M Bischoff, Julian A Luetkens
BACKGROUND: Early treatment of cardiovascular risk factors and characterization of coronary plaques is essential to collect prognostic information about coronary artery disease (CAD) and prevent cardiovascular events. OBJECTIVES: Discussion of the most important risk factors of CAD, basic diagnostic of CAD, prevention, and prognostic factors of CAD with focus on cardiac computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prevalence and prognostic impact of CAD risk factors; description of specific assessment of risk profiles; estimation of pretest probability; conventional prevention of CAD; prognostic assessment of CAD using the Calcium Scoring and coronary CT angiography...
March 21, 2024: Radiologie (Heidelb)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514338/-chinese-expert-consensus-on-multidisciplinary-decision-making-model-for-mobility-limitation-in-older-adults-2024-edition
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
Mobility limitation is an age-related geriatric syndrome that is affected by multiple factors such as aging, multimorbidity, nutritional status, chronic pain, psychological and social factors, which increases the risk of adverse events such as pressure ulcers, venous thrombosis, constipation, frailty, disability, falls and death in older adults. Early identification of mobility limitation and individualized comprehensive management are of great significance to maintain the functional status and quality of life of older adults...
March 26, 2024: Zhonghua Yi Xue za Zhi [Chinese medical journal]
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38514059/rapid-and-reliable-hla-b-59-01-genotyping-to-prevent-carbonic-anhydrase-inhibitor-induced-severe-cutaneous-adverse-reactions
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ji Young Huh, Yong Ju Song, Geon Park
OBJECTIVE: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) are intraocular pressure-reducing medications used in ophthalmology. Human leukocyte antigen- B*59:01 ( HLA-B*59:01 ) is strongly associated with CAI-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). This study aimed to develop and validate a rapid and economical screening method for HLA-B*59:01 to prevent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor-induced SCARs. METHODS: Duplex allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with an internal control was performed for HLA-B*59:01 genotyping...
January 2024: Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510843/prevalence-and-associated-factors-of-anemia-among-newborns-at-jimma-medical-center-south-west-ethiopia
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gebeyaw Arega Berihun, Girum Tesfaye, Wondimagegn Adissu, Edosa Tadasa, Kidist Adamu, Abinet Tantu Kombe, Lealem Gedefaw
BACKGROUND: Newborn anemia is among the most common hematological problems and it can cause asymptomatic or severe to acute life-threatening events. It leads to impairment in brain maturation and development, tissue hypoxia, and stunted growth and then arrested growth if left untreated. The prevalence of anemia among newborns ranges from 23.4-66% in sub-Saharan Africa. But, there is limited information in Ethiopia regarding the prevalence of newborn anemia and its risk factors. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of newborn anemia and its associated factors at Jimma Medical Center (JMC), South-west Ethiopia...
2024: Journal of Blood Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510303/linguistic-markers-for-major-depressive-disorder-a-cross-sectional-study-using-an-automated-procedure
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raluca Nicoleta Trifu, Bogdan Nemeș, Dana Cristina Herta, Carolina Bodea-Hategan, Dorina Anca Talaș, Horia Coman
INTRODUCTION: The identification of language markers, referring to both form and content, for common mental health disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), can facilitate the development of innovative tools for early recognition and prevention. However, studies in this direction are only at the beginning and are difficult to implement due to linguistic variability and the influence of cultural contexts. AIM: This study aims to identify language markers specific to MDD through an automated analysis process based on RO-2015 LIWC (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count)...
2024: Frontiers in Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509942/risk-factors-and-prediction-models-for-cardiovascular-complications-of-hypertension-in-older-adults-with-machine-learning-a-cross-sectional-study
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yixin Wu, Bo Xin, Qiuyuan Wan, Yanping Ren, Wenhui Jiang
BACKGROUND: Hypertension has emerged as a chronic disease prevalent worldwide that may cause severe cardiovascular complications, particularly in older patients. However, there is a paucity of studies that use risk factors and prediction models for cardiovascular complications associated with hypertension in older adults. OBJECTIVES: To identify the risk factors and develop prediction models for cardiovascular complications among older patients with hypertension...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508616/enablers-and-barriers-to-a-quaternary-prevention-approach-a-qualitative-study-of-field-experts
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Anneliese Otte, Maria Llargués Pou
OBJECTIVE: There is a growing concern about the sustainability of healthcare and the impacts of 'overuse' on patients and systems. Quaternary prevention (P4), a concept promoting the protection of patients from medical interventions in which harms outweigh benefits, is well positioned to stimulate reflection and inspire solutions, yet has not been widely adopted. We sought to identify enablers and barriers to a P4 approach, according to field experts and advocates in one health system...
March 19, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507583/incidence-of-non-aids-defining-comorbidities-among-young-adults-with-perinatally-acquired-hiv-in-north-america-2000-2019
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nel Jason L Haw, Catherine R Lesko, Derek K Ng, Jennifer Lam, Raynell Lang, Mari M Kitahata, Heidi Crane, Joseph Eron, M John Gill, Michael A Horberg, Maile Karris, Mona Loutfy, Kathleen A Mcginnis, Richard D Moore, Keri Althoff, Allison Agwu
OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) from 2000 to 2019 among North American adults with perinatally-acquired HIV (PHIV) aged 18 to 30. DESIGN: Description of outcomes based on electronic health records for a cohort of 375 young adults with PHIV enrolled in routine HIV care at clinics contributing data to the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD)...
March 19, 2024: AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506913/using-in-shoe-inertial-measurement-unit-sensors-to-understand-daily-life-gait-characteristics-in-patients-with-distal-radius-fractures-during-6-months-of-recovery-cross-sectional-study
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akiko Yamamoto, Eriku Yamada, Takuya Ibara, Fumiyuki Nihey, Takuma Inai, Kazuya Tsukamoto, Tomohiko Waki, Toshitaka Yoshii, Yoshiyuki Kobayashi, Kentaro Nakahara, Koji Fujita
BACKGROUND: A distal radius fracture (DRF) is a common initial fragility fracture among women in their early postmenopausal period, which is associated with an increased risk of subsequent fractures. Gait assessments are valuable for evaluating fracture risk; inertial measurement units (IMUs) have been widely used to assess gait under free-living conditions. However, little is known about long-term changes in patients with DRF, especially concerning daily-life gait. We hypothesized that, in the long term, the daily-life gait parameters in patients with DRF could enable us to reveal future risk factors for falls and fractures...
March 20, 2024: JMIR MHealth and UHealth
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505138/antineuropathic-pain-management-after-orthopedic-surgery-a-systematic-review
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taylor Harder, Jacob Harder, Gracie Baum, Cameron Cox, Justin Harder, Evan Hernandez, Brendan MacKay
BACKGROUND: The opioid crisis has become a present concern in the medical field. In an effort to address these complications, antineuropathic pain medications have been considered as alternatives to prescribed opioids. OBJECTIVE: This review focuses on the analgesic effects of neuromodulators, such as gabapentin, duloxetine, and pregabalin, that provide room for less dependence on narcotic analgesics following orthopedic surgery. METHODS: During the database searches, 1,033 records were identified as a preliminary result...
2024: Orthopedic Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505057/postoperative-atrial-fibrillation-poaf-after-cardiac-surgery-clinical-practice-review
#37
REVIEW
Orlando R Suero, Ahmed K Ali, Lauren R Barron, Matthew W Segar, Marc R Moon, Subhasis Chatterjee
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. Although current prediction models have limited efficacy, several perioperative interventions can reduce patients' risk of POAF. These begin with preoperative medications, including beta-blockers and amiodarone. Moreover, patients should be screened for preexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) so that concomitant surgical ablation and left atrial appendage occlusion can be performed in appropriate candidates...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Thoracic Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502640/socioeconomic-position-indicators-and-risk-of-alcohol-related-medical-conditions-a-national-cohort-study-from-sweden
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexis C Edwards, Sara Larsson Lönn, Karen G Chartier, Séverine Lannoy, Jan Sundquist, Kenneth S Kendler, Kristina Sundquist
BACKGROUND: Alcohol consumption contributes to excess morbidity and mortality in part through the development of alcohol-related medical conditions (AMCs, including alcoholic cardiomyopathy, hepatitis, cirrhosis, etc.). The current study aimed to clarify the extent to which risk for these outcomes differs as a function of socioeconomic position (SEP), as discrepancies could lead to exacerbated health disparities. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We used longitudinal Swedish national registries to estimate the individual and joint associations between 2 SEP indicators, educational attainment and income level, and risk of AMC based on International Classification of Diseases codes, while controlling for other sociodemographic covariates and psychiatric illness...
March 2024: PLoS Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501027/the-gail-model-and-its-use-in-preventive-screening-a-comparison-of-the-corbelli-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William R Pruitt, Beryl Samuels, Scott Cunningham
Background This study aims to determine the usage of the Gail model in screening for breast cancer during physical examinations of women by sampling primary care physicians in two regions of Texas - Hidalgo County and Johnson County. A Gail score of 1.66% or higher indicates increased breast cancer risk. Three specialties are surveyed: internal medicine (IM), family medicine (FM), and gynecology (GYN). The null hypothesis for this study is that primary care physicians do not use the Gail model in screening for breast cancer during physical examinations of women...
March 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500600/a-scoping-review-of-personalized-interactive-web-based-clinical-decision-tools-available-for-breast-cancer-prevention-and-screening-in-the-united-states
#40
REVIEW
Dalya Kamil, Kaitlyn M Wojcik, Laney Smith, Julia Zhang, Oliver W A Wilson, Gisela Butera, Jinani Jayasekera
UNLABELLED: Introduction. Personalized web-based clinical decision tools for breast cancer prevention and screening could address knowledge gaps, enhance patient autonomy in shared decision-making, and promote equitable care. The purpose of this review was to present evidence on the availability, usability, feasibility, acceptability, quality, and uptake of breast cancer prevention and screening tools to support their integration into clinical care. Methods. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist to conduct this review...
2024: MDM Policy & Practice
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