keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496162/a-facial-solitary-vellus-hair-cyst-a-rare-entity
#1
Ayushi Ghosh Moulic, Prasad Deshmukh, Sagar S Gaurkar
This case report details a rare occurrence of a vellus hair cyst presenting as a recurrent nodular swelling on the medial aspect of the right eye in a 23-year-old male. The patient underwent surgical excision guided by imaging studies, and the subsequent two-month follow-up revealed no signs of recurrence. Imaging, including contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CECT), played a crucial role in assessing the extent of the lesion and ruling out intracranial involvement. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis, revealing cystic spaces with an attenuated lining containing vellus hair and marked fibrosis...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465261/insights-into-the-unique-roles-of-dermal-white-adipose-tissue-dwat-in-wound-healing
#2
REVIEW
Yu Li, Jie Long, Ziang Zhang, Wen Yin
Dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) is a newly recognized layer of adipocytes within the reticular dermis of the skin. In many mammals, this layer is clearly separated by panniculus carnosus from subcutaneous adipose tissue (sWAT). While, they concentrated around the hair shaft and follicle, sebaceous gland, and arrector pili muscle, and forms a very specific cone geometry in human. Both the anatomy and the histology indicate that dWAT has distinct development and functions. Different from sWAT, the developmental origin of dWAT shares a common precursor with dermal fibroblasts during embryogenesis...
2024: Frontiers in Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38462666/antiviral-drugs-prolong-survival-in-murine-recessive-dystrophic-epidermolysis-bullosa
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grace Tartaglia, Ignacia Fuentes, Neil Patel, Abigail Varughese, Lauren E Israel, Pyung Hun Park, Michael H Alexander, Shiv Poojan, Qingqing Cao, Brenda Solomon, Zachary M Padron, Jonathan A Dyer, Jemima E Mellerio, John A McGrath, Francis Palisson, Julio Salas-Alanis, Lin Han, Andrew P South
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare inherited skin disease characterized by defects in type VII collagen leading to a range of fibrotic pathologies resulting from skin fragility, aberrant wound healing, and altered dermal fibroblast physiology. Using a novel in vitro model of fibrosis based on endogenously produced extracellular matrix, we screened an FDA-approved compound library and identified antivirals as a class of drug not previously associated with anti-fibrotic action. Preclinical validation of our lead hit, daclatasvir, in a mouse model of RDEB demonstrated significant improvement in fibrosis as well as overall quality of life with increased survival, weight gain and activity, and a decrease in pruritus-induced hair loss...
March 10, 2024: EMBO Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450016/utilizing-a-second-flap-to-address-the-effect-of-postradiotherapy-soft-tissue-fibrosis-in-head-and-neck-malignancy
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gautam Biswas, Jovin George Mathew, Amrita Kaur, Karnav Bharat Panchal
Background  Late effects of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) on soft tissues can lead to hair loss, pigmentary changes, loss of tissue volume, and fibrosis, which appear months to years after the treatment. These changes are often progressive and are because of tissue hypoxia due to radiation-induced capillary endothelial damage. Tissue hypoxia may be compounded by subclinical infection following minor trauma, exposed hardware, or associated osteoradionecrosis. The combined effect of these factors causes significant deformities in soft tissue, affecting both function and appearance...
February 2024: Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery: Official Publication of the Association of Plastic Surgeons of India
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38399677/dermatologic-changes-in-experimental-model-of-long-covid
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hussain Hussain, Michael J Paidas, Ramamoorthy Rajalakshmi, Aya Fadel, Misha Ali, Pingping Chen, Arumugam R Jayakumar
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, declared in early 2020, has left an indelible mark on global health, with over 7.0 million deaths and persistent challenges. While the pharmaceutical industry raced to develop vaccines, the emergence of mutant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) strains continues to pose a significant threat. Beyond the immediate concerns, the long-term health repercussions of COVID-19 survivors are garnering attention, particularly due to documented cases of cardiovascular issues, liver dysfunction, pulmonary complications, kidney impairments, and notable neurocognitive deficits...
January 27, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38371672/quantification-of-mast-cells-in-central-centrifugal-cicatricial-alopecia
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sydney Look-Why, Jared Goldberg, Claire Alexanian, Nicole Rogers, Nikita N M Coleman, Yolanda M Lenzy, Eric Pinos, Lynne J Goldberg
BACKGROUND: Mast cells (MCs) have recently been implicated in lymphocytic scarring alopecias, which may share a common pathogenesis. MCs in central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) have not been studied. OBJECTIVE: We looked for the presence of MCs in CCCA using 2 different stains to see if their numbers correlated with the number of hair follicles, the degree of inflammation and perifollicular fibrosis, disease duration and severity, and patient symptoms...
June 2024: JAAD international
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38370506/dermoscopic-and-reflectance-confocal-microscopy-findings-in-palisaded-encapsulated-neuroma-pen-report-of-two-histologically-confirmed-cases
#7
Hailey Konisky, Hubert Huho, Aashka Suvarnakar, Sharma Krishna, Albert Huho
These medical case reports discuss the reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) features of palisaded encapsulated neuromas (PEN), a relatively uncommon benign neural tumor that predominantly manifests in middle-aged females, most notably on the facial cheek. These reports feature two middle-aged females who both presented with concern for progressively enlarging cheek papules. Dermoscopy revealed the presence of symmetrical, dome-shaped papules with arborizing blood vessels that were not in sharp focus. RCM images revealed a honeycomb pattern, replete with follicular openings and slight papillary dermal fibrosis...
February 2024: Oxford Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38318429/lipedematous-scalp-occurring-in-two-female-siblings-further-evidence-for-a-genetic-role
#8
Nada Khalil, James Carton, Carolina P Fernandez, Neil P Patel
INTRODUCTION: Lipedematous scalp (LS) is a rare disorder characterized by thickening of the adipose subcutaneous scalp layer without associated hair loss. To date, there have been fewer than 100 reported cases of LS. LS occurring in siblings has not been previously reported. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 58-year-old and 63-year-old pair of black Caribbean female siblings with LS. Scalp thickness on ultrasound of the vertex in each case was 12 mm and 11 mm from skin to periosteum, respectively (normal range: 5-6 mm)...
February 2024: Skin Appendage Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38314944/transcriptome-analysis-of-frontal-fibrosis-alopecia-revealed-involvement-of-immune-cells-and-ferroptosis
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lin Liu, Yuzhou Xue, Jingyu Wang, Chengcheng Shen, Yuhao Li, Yujing Huang
BACKGROUND: Frontal fibrosis alopecia (FFA) is a primary cicatricial alopecia and has received increasing attention in recent years. However, the pathogenesis of FFA has not been fully elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS: Herein, we collected the transcriptome data of scalp lesions of seven patients with FFA and seven healthy controls. The differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis were conducted and we identified 458 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in two key modules...
February 2024: Skin Research and Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38218364/profibrotic-subsets-of-spp1-macrophages-and-postn-fibroblasts-contribute-to-fibrotic-scarring-in-acne-keloidalis
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi-Kai Hong, Daw-Yang Hwang, Chao-Chun Yang, Siao Muk Cheng, Peng-Chieh Chen, Wilson Jr Aala, Hans I-Chen Harn, Spencer T Evans, Alexandros Onoufriadis, Si-Lin Liu, Yu-Chen Lin, Yi-Han Chang, Tzu-Kun Lo, Kuo-Shu Hung, Yi-Chao Lee, Ming-Jer Tang, Kurt Q Lu, John A McGrath, Chao-Kai Hsu
Acne keloidalis (AK) is a primary scarring alopecia characterized by longstanding inflammation in the scalp causing keloid-like scar formation and hair loss. Histologically, AK is characterized by mixed leukocytic infiltrates in the acute stage followed by a granulomatous reaction and extensive fibrosis in the later stages. To further explore its pathogenesis, bulk RNA-sequencing, single-cell RNA-sequencing, and spatial transcriptomics were applied to occipital scalp biopsy specimens of lesional and adjacent non-lesional skin in patients with clinically active disease...
January 11, 2024: Journal of Investigative Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38212028/-protective-effect-and-mechanism-of-maiwei-yangfei-decoction-on-pulmonary-fibrosis-mice-based-on-nrf2-regulation-of-oxidative-stress
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yun Wei, Jing Wang, Di Han, Tong-Xing Huang, Le Bai, Li-Wei Chen, Yong Xu, Xian-Mei Zhou
This study explored the effect and mechanism of Maiwei Yangfei Decoction(MWYF) on pulmonary fibrosis(PF) mice. MWYF was prepared, and its main components were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS). Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, a pirfenidone(PFD) group, and low-, medium-, and high-dose MWYF groups, with 10 mice in each group. The PF model was induced in mice except for those in the control group by intratracheal instillation of bleomycin(BLM), and model mice were treated with saline or MWYF or PFD by gavage the next day...
December 2023: Zhongguo Zhong Yao za Zhi, Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi, China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38167804/mucosal-tlr5-activation-controls-healthspan-and-longevity
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jae Sung Lim, Eun Jae Jeon, Hye Sun Go, Hyung-Jin Kim, Kye Young Kim, Thi Quynh Trang Nguyen, Da Young Lee, Kyu Suk Kim, Federico Pietrocola, Seol Hee Hong, Shee Eun Lee, Kyoung-Shim Kim, Tae-Shin Park, Dong-Hee Choi, Yu-Jin Jeong, Jong-Hwan Park, Hyeon Sik Kim, Jung-Joon Min, Yong Sook Kim, Joon Tae Park, Jae-Ho Cho, Gil-Woo Lee, Ji Hyeon Lee, Hyon E Choy, Sang Chul Park, Chul-Ho Lee, Joon Haeng Rhee, Manuel Serrano, Kyung A Cho
Addressing age-related immunological defects through therapeutic interventions is essential for healthy aging, as the immune system plays a crucial role in controlling infections, malignancies, and in supporting tissue homeostasis and repair. In our study, we show that stimulating toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) via mucosal delivery of a flagellin-containing fusion protein effectively extends the lifespan and enhances the healthspan of mice of both sexes. This enhancement in healthspan is evidenced by diminished hair loss and ocular lens opacity, increased bone mineral density, improved stem cell activity, delayed thymic involution, heightened cognitive capacity, and the prevention of pulmonary lung fibrosis...
January 2, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38163807/a-rare-case-of-primary-sjogren-s-syndrome-with-idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis-with-variable-presentations-a-case-report
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A Yadav, R B Nepali, A M J Alam
We diagnosed and treated a case of Primary SjoGren's Syndrome with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) in a 65 years old woman who presented with dyspnoea and multiple joint pains for 5 years and remained undiagnosed. She had variable presentation and was initially established as a case of mixed connective tissue disease which consists of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Systemic Sclerosis and Dermatomyositis. She complained of xerostomia, xerophthalmia, difficulty in opening mouth, progressive dysphagia with solid foods and raynaud's phenomenon...
January 2024: Mymensingh Medical Journal: MMJ
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38161925/drug-induced-hidradenitis-suppurativa-a-case-report
#14
Abraham Kisule, Vivek Kak, Chidamber Alamelumangapuram, Ciji Robinson
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating inflammatory disorder of the hair follicles that localizes to the intertriginous and anogenital regions of the body. Lesions are characterized by inflammatory nodules, subcutaneous abscesses, fibrosis, and sinus tracts. Crohn's disease (CD) is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Multiple treatment options exist for CD, including monoclonal anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) antibodies like adalimumab (Humira)...
November 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38130272/human-otopathology-in-scleroderma
#15
Melissa Castillo-Bustamante, Prithwijit Roychowdhury, Dhrumi Gandhi, Elliott D Kozin, Aaron K Remenschneider
OBJECTIVE: Scleroderma is a complex chronic progressive immune-mediated disease that causes fibrosis of the skin and internal organs, and vasculopathy.Ear involvement has been poorly studied in patients with scleroderma. Vasculitic and autoimmune mechanisms are considered as possible etiologies on hearing impairment, however, this etiology still unclear.Herein, we reviewed three cases of scleroderma from a temporal bone repository. METHODS: The national temporal bone database was reviewed for cases with scleroderma...
December 2023: Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38014097/macrophage-depletion-protects-against-cisplatin-induced-ototoxicity-and-nephrotoxicity
#16
Cathy Yea Won Sung, Naoki Hayase, Peter S T Yuen, John Lee, Katharine Fernandez, Xuzhen Hu, Hui Cheng, Robert A Star, Mark E Warchol, Lisa L Cunningham
UNLABELLED: Cisplatin is a widely used and highly effective anti-cancer drug with significant side effects including ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Macrophages, the major resident immune cells in the cochlea and kidney, are important drivers of both inflammatory and tissue repair responses. To investigate the roles of macrophages in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity, we used PLX3397, an FDA-approved inhibitor of the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), to eliminate tissue-resident macrophages during the course of cisplatin administration...
November 17, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37977937/nasal-airway-inflammatory-responses-and-pathogen-detection-in-infants-with-cystic-fibrosis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin T Kopp, Sydney E Ross, Dinesh Bojja, Lokesh Guglani, Joshua D Chandler, Rabindra Tirouvanziam, Misty Thompson, James E Slaven, James F Chmiel, Christopher Siracusa, Don B Sanders
BACKGROUND: Detecting airway inflammation non-invasively in infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) is difficult. We hypothesized that markers of inflammation in CF [IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17A, neutrophil elastase (NE) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)] could be measured in infants with CF from nasal fluid and would be elevated during viral infections or clinician-defined pulmonary exacerbations (PEx). METHODS: We collected nasal fluid, nasal swabs, and hair samples from 34 infants with CF during monthly clinic visits, sick visits, and hospitalizations...
November 15, 2023: Journal of Cystic Fibrosis: Official Journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37898806/iatrogenic-cushing-s-syndrome-post-intralesional-triamcinolone-acetonide-in-oral-submucous-fibrosis-2-case-reports
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kuenga Choden, Tshewang Gyeltshen
BACKGROUND: Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OFMF) is an oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMDs), strongly linked to betel quid chewing. It exhibits a significantly higher rate of malignant transformation compared to other OPMDs. The use of Intralesional Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection has emerged as a highly effective treatment option and has become the cornerstone of managing this condition. CASE PRESENTATION: A 44-year-old female and a 40-year-old male presented with burning sensation and limited mouth opening, leading to diagnosis of OSMF...
October 28, 2023: BMC Oral Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37813554/iatrogenic-cushing-s-syndrome-in-a-case-of-allergic-bronchopulmonary-aspergillosis-treated-with-oral-itraconazole-and-inhaled-budesonide
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vipul Kumar Garg, Vidya Tickoo, Virender Pratibh Prasad, Venkata Nagarjuna Maturu
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus that occurs in patients with asthma or cystic fibrosis. Here, we report a case of a young female with bronchial asthma who presented to our hospital with worsening breathlessness on exertion. She was diagnosed to have ABPA and was initiated on oral itraconazole while continuing inhaled long acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist and medium dose inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) for her asthma. Three months after initiation of therapy, the patient had significant improvement in breathlessness...
October 9, 2023: BMJ Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37766670/clinicopathological-characteristics-of-fibrosing-alopecia-in-a-pattern-distribution-a-single-center-retrospective-study
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kelu Wei, Chunya Ni, Qiong Huang, Kai Yang, Yue Zhang, Qingmei Liu, Yuou Sha, Qiaoan Zhang, Jinran Lin, Wenyu Wu
BACKGROUND: Fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution (FAPD) is a distinct entity of primary cicatricial alopecia (PCA), mimicking diffuse hair loss of androgenetic alopecia (AGA) with trichoscopic and histopathologic features of both AGA and lichen planopilaris (LPP). METHODS: Clinical, demographic, and histopathological data of 20 FAPD patients were retrospectively collected. RESULTS: All patients presented with female pattern hair loss with a median Sinclair grade of 3...
November 2023: International Journal of Dermatology
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