keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537125/efficacy-of-a-novel-antibiotic-drug-combination-toward-multidrug-resistant-ocular-pathogens
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lakshminarayanan Gowtham, Rachel A F Wozniak, Paul M Dunman, Esther Sheba, Prashant Garg, Joveeta Joseph
PURPOSE: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat, compounded by the reduction in the discovery of new antibiotics. A repurposed drugs-based approach could provide a viable alternative for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. In this study, we sought to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of a novel drug combination, polymyxin B/trimethoprim (PT) + rifampin on MDR isolates from patients with bacterial keratitis in India. METHODS: Forty-three isolates, which included 20 Staphylococcus aureus, 19 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 3 Pseudomonas stutzeri, and 1 Acinetobacter baumannii, were evaluated for their antibiotic resistance by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)...
March 26, 2024: Cornea
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537001/first-case-of-envenomation-in-humans-caused-by-the-banded-cat-eyed-snake-leptodeira-annulata-linnaeus-1758-squamata-dipsadidae-in-brazil
#2
Larissa Ferreira-Cunha, Mariana Fiszer, Walter Periard Junior, Pedro Henrique Pinna
A 22-year-old female researcher was bitten by a Leptodeira annulata on the index finger of the left hand during a contention activity. After removing the snake, a little bleeding and redness was observed in the bite region, accompanied by fang marks. Thirty minutes later, edema had progressed to the dorsum of the hand. After four hours, edema persisted, but the bitten area was slightly whitened. Treatment consisted of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. The edema resolved completely and disappeared after 48 hours...
2024: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536908/tisb-protein-is-the-single-molecular-determinant-underlying-multiple-downstream-effects-of-ofloxacin-in-escherichia-coli
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julien Cayron, Thierry Oms, Tatjana Schlechtweg, Safia Zedek, Laurence Van Melderen
Bactericidal antibiotics can cause metabolic perturbations that contribute to antibiotic-induced lethality. The molecular mechanism underlying these downstream effects remains unknown. Here, we show that ofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone that poisons DNA gyrase, induces a cascade of metabolic changes that are dependent on an active SOS response. We identified the SOS-regulated TisB protein as the unique molecular determinant responsible for cytoplasmic condensation, proton motive force dissipation, loss of pH homeostasis, and H2 O2 accumulation in Escherichia coli cells treated with high doses of ofloxacin...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536854/anti-inflammatory-potential-via-the-mapk-signaling-pathway-of-lactobacillus-spp-isolated-from-canine-feces
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mi Ae Park, Mirieom Park, Hyun-Jun Jang, Sung Ho Lee, Yeong Min Hwang, Soyeon Park, Donghyun Shin, Yangseon Kim
Two probiotic candidates, Lactobacillus reuteri C1 (C1) and Lactobacillus acidophilus C5 (C5), which were previously isolated from canines, were evaluated in the present study. L. reuteri and L. acidophilus have anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune-enhancing, and anti-cancer properties and exhibit various probiotic effects in humans and animals. The strains C1 and C5 demonstrated good tolerance to acid and bile salt exposure, exhibited effective adhesion to HT-29 cell monolayer, and displayed sensitivity to antibiotics, thus affirming their probiotic characteristics...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536641/gut-microbiota-dynamics-in-kk-ay-mice-restoration-following-antibiotic-treatment
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinni Hong, Tingting Fu, Weizhen Liu, Miao Yu, Yanshan Lin, Cunyun Min, Datao Lin
The primary aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in the microbial community of KK-Ay mice following antibiotic treatment. A comparative analysis of the gut microbiota was conducted between KK-Ay mice treated with antibiotics and those without treatment. The microbial community dynamics in antibiotic-treated KK-Ay mice were meticulously assessed over an eight-week period using 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. Simultaneously, dynamic renal function measurements were performed. The results demonstrated a marked decrease in bacterial DNA abundance following antibiotic intervention, coupled with a substantial reduction in bacterial diversity and a profound alteration in microbial composition...
March 27, 2024: Folia Microbiologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536433/immobilised-antimicrobial-peptides-in-downregulation-of-biofilm
#6
REVIEW
Moupriya Nag, Debasmita Bhattacharya, Sayantani Garai, Bandita Dutta, Sreejita Ghosh, Rina Rani Ray, Dibyajit Lahiri
Colonisation of sessile bacterial species on biotic and abiotic surfaces is responsible for the development of various infections in humans. At present, biofilm-associated chronic infections have been a prime concern among the healthcare practitioners since they are impermeable to drugs, resulting in the development of antibiotic resistance or multi-drug resistance. For a few decades, a lot of research activity has been performed in the development of alternative therapeutics to combat biofilm-associated chronic infections...
March 27, 2024: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536160/validation-of-thermal-imaging-and-the-alt-70-prediction-model-to-differentiate-cellulitis-from-pseudocellulitis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael S Pulia, Rebecca J Schwei, Roxana Alexandridis, Michael R Lasarev, Edward Harwick, Robert Glinert, Ambar Haleem, Jamie Hess, Thomas D Keenan, Joseph A McBride, Robert Redwood
IMPORTANCE: Cellulitis is misdiagnosed in up to 30% of cases due to mimic conditions termed pseudocellulitis. The resulting overuse of antibiotics is a threat to patient safety and public health. Surface thermal imaging and the ALT-70 (asymmetry, leukocytosis, tachycardia, and age ≥70 years) prediction model have been proposed as tools to help differentiate cellulitis from pseudocellulitis. OBJECTIVES: To validate differences in skin surface temperatures between patients with cellulitis and patients with pseudocellulitis, assess the optimal temperature measure and cut point for differentiating cellulitis from pseudocellulitis, and compare the performance of skin surface temperature and the ALT-70 prediction model in differentiating cellulitis from pseudocellulitis...
March 27, 2024: JAMA Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536098/-escherichia-coli-isolated-from-bovine-sources-encoding-the-fosfomycin-resistance-gene-fosa7-5
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bradd J Haley, Seon Woo Kim, Jo Ann Van Kessel
Dairy animals are reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli that are frequently resistant to tetracycline, aminoglycoside, β-lactam, sulfonamide, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B antibiotics. However, resistance to other classes of antimicrobials is less frequently observed, and resistance to fosfomycin is rarely observed in E. coli . In this study, we describe the genomic characteristics of E. coli encoding fosA7.5 that have been recovered from bovine sources in the United States...
March 27, 2024: Foodborne Pathogens and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535950/mechanism-of-the-synergistic-toxicity-of-ampicillin-and-cefazoline-on-selenastrum-capricornutum
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Feng-Ling Huang, Li-Tang Qin, Ling-Yun Mo, Hong-Hu Zeng, Yan-Peng Liang
Ampicillin (AMP) and cefazolin (CZO) are commonly used β-lactam antibiotics which are extensively globally produced. Additionally, AMP and CZO are known to have relatively high ecotoxicity. Notably, the mix of AMP and CZO creates a synergistic effect that is more harmful to the environment, and how exposure to AMP-CZO can induce synergism in algae remains virtually unknown. To yield comprehensive mechanistic insights into chemical toxicity, including dose-response relationships and variations in species sensitivity, the integration of multiple endpoints with de novo transcriptomics analyses were used in this study...
March 14, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535936/identification-and-mechanistic-analysis-of-toxic-degradation-products-in-the-advanced-oxidation-pathways-of-fluoroquinolone-antibiotics
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuhai Sun, Zhonghe Wang, Qikun Pu, Xinao Li, Yuhan Cui, Hao Yang, Yu Li
The degradation of fluoroquinolones (FQs) via advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a promising avenue, yet the complete mineralization of certain FQ molecules remains elusive, raising concerns about the formation of toxic by-products. This study delineates five primary AOP degradation pathways for 16 commercially available FQ molecules, inferred from existing literature. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to calculate the bond dissociation energies within these pathways to elucidate the correlation between bond strength and molecular architecture...
March 6, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535907/antibiotic-residues-in-uk-foods-exploring-the-exposure-pathways-and-associated-health-risks
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jegak Seo, Frank Kloprogge, Andrew M Smith, Kersti Karu, Lena Ciric
While the use of antibiotics has been reported as extensive in the rearing of agricultural animals, insufficient information is available on the antibiotic residues in animal products and the adverse impact that consistent low-level exposure to antibiotics might have on the human body and its microbiome. The aim of this study was to estimate the antibiotic concentrations that humans are exposed to via their diet using the concentration of antibiotics in animal food products and water and an online survey on dietary intake...
February 24, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535888/characteristics-of-pathogenic-escherichia-coli-associated-with-diarrhea-in-children-under-five-years-in-northwestern-ethiopia
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Berihun Mossie Mulu, Mequanint Addisu Belete, Tiliksew Bialfew Demlie, Habtamu Tassew, Tesfaye Sisay Tessema
Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are the leading cause of infectious diarrhea and pose a significant global, regional, and national burden of disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of six DEC pathotypes in children with diarrhea and determine their antibiotic resistance patterns. Samples from 107 diarrheagenic children were collected and processed for Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). Single-plex PCR was used to detect target virulence genes as well as characterize and categorize DEC pathotypes...
March 21, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535887/multiple-drug-resistant-shiga-toxin-producing-e-coli-in-raw-milk-of-dairy-bovine
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Safir Ullah, Saeed Ul Hassan Khan, Muhammad Jamil Khan, Baharullah Khattak, Fozia Fozia, Ijaz Ahmad, Mohammad Ahmad Wadaan, Muhammad Farooq Khan, Almohannad Baabbad, Sagar M Goyal
INTRODUCTION: Raw milk may contain pathogenic microorganisms harmful to humans, e.g., multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli non-O157:H7, which can cause severe colitis, hemolytic uremia, and meningitis in children. No studies are available on the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC O157:H7) in sick or healthy dairy animals in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. AIM: This study aimed to isolate, characterize, and detect antibiotic resistance in STEC non-O157:H7 from unpasteurized milk of dairy bovines in this province...
March 19, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535886/stop-in-time-how-to-reduce-unnecessary-antibiotics-in-newborns-with-late-onset-sepsis-in-neonatal-intensive-care
#14
REVIEW
Domenico Umberto De Rose, Maria Paola Ronchetti, Alessandra Santisi, Paola Bernaschi, Ludovica Martini, Ottavia Porzio, Andrea Dotta, Cinzia Auriti
The fear of missing sepsis episodes in neonates frequently leads to indiscriminate use of antibiotics, and prescription program optimization is suggested for reducing this inappropriate usage. While different authors have studied how to reduce antibiotic overprescription in the case of early onset sepsis episodes, with different approaches being available, less is known about late-onset sepsis episodes. Biomarkers (such as C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin-6 and 8, and presepsin) can play a crucial role in the prompt diagnosis of late-onset sepsis, but their role in antimicrobial stewardship should be further studied, given that different factors can influence their levels and newborns can be subjected to prolonged therapy if their levels are expected to return to zero...
March 19, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535883/sustaining-the-continued-effectiveness-of-an-antimicrobial-stewardship-program-in-preterm-infants
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tommaso Zini, Francesca Miselli, Chiara D'Esposito, Lucia Fidanza, Riccardo Cuoghi Costantini, Lucia Corso, Sofia Mazzotti, Cecilia Rossi, Eugenio Spaggiari, Katia Rossi, Licia Lugli, Luca Bedetti, Alberto Berardi
BACKGROUND: There are wide variations in antibiotic use in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Limited data are available on antimicrobial stewardship (AS) programs and long-term maintenance of AS interventions in preterm very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS: We extended a single-centre observational study carried out in an Italian NICU. Three periods were compared: I. "baseline" (2011-2012), II. "intervention" (2016-2017), and III. "maintenance" (2020-2021)...
March 7, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535851/-histophilus-somni-as-a-unique-causative-agent-of-puerperal-metritis-pm-in-a-third-lactation-holstein-cow
#16
Jéssica Molín, Andrea Ainoza, Ramon Armengol
This manuscript aims to report the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of puerperal metritis (PM) in a dairy cow, caused by H. somni as a unique pathogen. The cow showed signs of systemic illness, including a sudden drop in milk production, a rectal temperature of 40.4 °C, tachypnea, dehydration, and completely fluid, brown, and fetid uterine discharge. Pure cultures of H. somni were identified and submitted to the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method for antibiotic sensitivity. The study showed that H. somni was resistant to tetracyclines and cephalosporins (Ceftiofur), antibiotics commonly used to treat uterine infections in dairy cows...
March 5, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535835/use-of-monoglycerides-and-diglycerides-to-mitigate-poultry-production-losses-a-review
#17
REVIEW
Stacie R Appleton, Anne Ballou, Kevin L Watkins
Consumer preference dictates not only what food is consumed but also how that food is produced. Ingredients in livestock feed that are not antibiotics, not genetically modified, and not of animal origin but that are nutrient-like tend to be more acceptable to consumers, retailers, and producers. Mono- and diglycerides (MDG) fit these criteria, are commonly used in food, and are generally recognized as safe. But beyond being emulsifiers and a source of energy, MDG are also known to have antimicrobial, immune, and microbiome modulation and angiogenic activity...
February 27, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535826/exploration-of-cytochrome-p450-related-interactions-between-aflatoxin-b1-and-tiamulin-in-broiler-chickens
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pan Sun, Orphélie Lootens, Tadele Kabeta, Diethard Reckelbus, Natalia Furman, Xingyuan Cao, Suxia Zhang, Gunther Antonissen, Siska Croubels, Marthe De Boevre, Sarah De Saeger
Poultry may face simultaneous exposure to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and tiamulin (TIA), given mycotoxin contamination and antibiotic use. As both mycotoxins and antibiotics can affect cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450), our study aimed to explore their interaction. We developed UHPLC-MS/MS methods for the first-time determination of the interaction between TIA and AFB1 in vitro and in vivo in broiler chickens. The inhibition assay showed the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values of AFB1 and TIA in chicken liver microsomes are more than 7...
March 20, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535571/porcine-monocyte-dna-traps-formed-during-infection-with-pathogenic-clostridioides-difficile-strains
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jade Lawrence, Paul Barrow, Neil Foster
Clostridioides ( Clostridium ) difficile is an enteric pathogen of several mammalian species including man, frequently involving nosocomial resurgence, following oral administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics, but also with human-to-human infection occurring, and neonatal pigs with zoonotic transmission. To date, the immune response to C . difficile has mostly focused on neutrophils and cytokine/chemokines, particularly in human infection. The neonatal pig is now recognized as a valuable model for human infection...
March 5, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535563/lung-microbiota-and-ventilator-associated-pneumonia-in-the-neonatal-period
#20
REVIEW
Fermín García-Muñoz Rodrigo, Lourdes Urquía Martí, Marta Siguero Onrubia, Moreyba Borges Luján, Gloria Galán Henríquez, Desiderio Reyes Suárez
The lung microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that colonize the respiratory tract of individuals from, or even before, birth. Although the lungs were traditionally believed to be sterile, recent research has shown that there is a diversity of bacterial species in the respiratory system. Knowledge about the lung microbiota in newborns and its relationship with bacterial infections is of vital importance to understand the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases in neonatal patients undergoing mechanical ventilation...
March 1, 2024: Pathogens
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