Spine physical therapy

Lumbar spinal stenosis is a clinical syndrome that affects more than 200,000 people in the United States annually. It is a common cause of chronic insidious low back pain, especially in older patient populations (mean age = 64 years). Lumbar spinal stenosis is a degenerative condition of the spine leading to narrowing in the spaces around the neurovascular bundles and the classic symptom of low back pain that radiates to the buttocks and lower extremities bilaterally. It is typically a progressive waxing and waning process that may deteriorate over years...

Anterolisthesis is a condition where a vertebra in the spine slips forward relative to the vertebra below it. Anterolisthesis is often described in terms of the direction of the slippage and the affected vertebrae, such as L5-S1 anterolisthesis, which indicates the slippage occurring between the fifth lumbar vertebra (L5) and the sacral bone (S1). Anterolisthesis can result from various factors, trauma, or congenital abnormalities. The symptoms associated with anterolisthesis can include lower back pain, stiffness, muscle tightness, and neurological symptoms if the slippage compresses nearby nerves...

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Coccydynia is pain in the coccyx that typically occurs idiopathically or from trauma. Most forms are self-limiting. However, if symptoms persist, non-surgical treatment options can include offloading, NSAIDs, physical therapy, and steroid injections. If all treatment options fail, a growing body of evidence supports a coccygectomy for symptomatic relief. The standard approach for a coccygectomy involves a midline incision cephalad to the anus along the gluteal cleft...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of glenohumeral internal (IR) and external rotation (ER), horizontal adduction (HA), and thoracic spine rotation ranges of motion (ROM), isometric muscle strength of the shoulder rotators, and trunk muscle endurance with the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST), the Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (YBT-UQ), and the Upper Limb Rotation Test (ULRT) in overhead athletes. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study...

UNLABELLED: Back pain is one of the most urgent problems of rehabilitation. Patients with this pathology have a leading place among neurological patients in terms of the number of days of disability. The high economic costs in society are explained by the need for lumbar surgery (discectomy, spinal fusion and disc prosthesis) and rehabilitation after it. The effectiveness of rehabilitative measures is determined both by the patient's rehabilitative potential and by the choice of rehabilitative methods...

UNLABELLED: Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, debuting as arterial hypertension (AH) syndrome and prediabetes, are common types of chronic non-communicable processes, that are the leading cause of death in the world. The main treatment method for above mentioned disorders, according to the current guidelines, is pharmacotherapy. However, it is possible to effectively apply non-pharmacological correction methods, aimed at the probable etiological factor and inversive mechanism involved in AH maintenance, in the early stages when no permanent changes are maintaining a high level of blood hypertension (BH) and glycemia...

PURPOSE: Neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disorder. Therefore, establishing effective physical therapy for neck pain is one of the most important issues. In addition, in physical therapy for neck pain, it is important to evaluate the thoracic spine, which is an adjacent region of the neck. The lumbar-locked rotation test is designed to evaluate the rotational range of the thoracic spine. However, the reliability of the test when performed on patients with neck pain has not been confirmed...

BACKGROUND: The large number of articulating joints within the spinal column provides an abundance of options to control its movement. However, the ability of individuals to consciously manipulate these movement options is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To determine if short-term training can improve the ability to consciously dissociate motion between the pelvis and thorax during repetitive pelvic tilting movements. DESIGN: Cross-over design with young healthy individuals...

BACKGROUND: Particle mini-beam therapy exhibits promise in sparing healthy tissue through spatial fractionation, particularly notable for heavy ions, further enhancing the already favorable differential biological effectiveness at both target and entrance regions. However, breathing-induced organ motion affects particle mini-beam irradiation schemes since the organ displacements exceed the mini-beam structure dimensions, decreasing the advantages of spatial fractionation. PURPOSE: In this study, the impact of breathing-induced organ motion on the dose distribution was examined at the target and organs at risk(OARs) during carbon ion mini-beam irradiation for pancreatic cancer...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review was to ascertain guideline-recommended pharmaceutical approaches to lumbosacral radicular symptoms, assess the quality of the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) tool, and qualitatively synthesize the guideline recommendations. LITERATURE SURVEY: Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Index to Chiropractic Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro)...

BACKGROUND: Cervical sagittal alignment is crucial for distributing the head load to lower cervical segments and maintaining normal cervical spine function, but its biomechanical effect on the cervical spine was not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cervical sagittal alignment on dynamic intervertebral kinematics. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. METHODS: Healthy participants without neck pain were recruited and divided into lordosis, straight and kyphosis groups according to the C2-C7 Cobb angle at the neutral position...

INTRODUCTION: Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome (PSPS) refers to chronic axial pain and/or extremity pain. Two subtypes have been defined: PSPS-type 1 is chronic pain without previous spinal surgery and PSPS-type 2 is chronic pain, persisting after spine surgery, and is formerly known as Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS) or post-laminectomy syndrome. The etiology of PSPS-type 2 can be gleaned using elements from the patient history, physical examination, and additional medical imaging...

BACKGROUND: Chronic neck pain (CNP) is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition including notable impairments in respiratory function. The diaphragm, serving dual roles in respiration and spinal stability, is intricately linked to the cervical spine through fascial, neurophysiological, and biomechanical connections. However, to date, none has investigated the diaphragm function in patients with CNP. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the diaphragm function, respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary function in patients with CNP...

INTRODUCTION: Cervical spine disease is a leading cause of pain and disability. Degenerative conditions of the spine can result in neurologic compression of the cervical spinal cord or nerve roots and may be surgically treated with an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in up to 137,000 people per year in the United States. A common sequelae of ACDF is reduced cervical range of motion (CROM) with patient-based complaints of stiffness and neck pain. Currently, tools for assessment of CROM are manual, subjective, and only intermittently utilized during doctor or physical therapy visits...

The atlas (C1) and occipital bone at the base of the skull fuse together in atlas occipitalization, an uncommon congenital abnormality. Because it can result in cervical spine instability, nerve impingement, and related symptoms including stiffness, pain, and neurological impairments, it poses a challenging therapeutic problem. We describe the case of a female patient, 27 years old, who had gradually deteriorating neck discomfort, stiffness, and limited cervical mobility for six years prior to presentation...

Dose-perturbation characteristics are important to consider during the calculation of radiation therapy protocols for patients who are going to receive high doses that would reach the tolerance limits of the spinal cord [1]. Several studies have investigated dose perturbations introduced by metal implants in close proximity to spine SABR treatments [2-7]. However, there is a lack of work assessing this effect using the RayStation TPS [8]. We present an initial design for a low-cost phantom to evaluate spine stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in the presence of prosthetic vertebral stabilization...

INTRODUCTION: Treatment of spine fractures may require periods of prolonged immobilization which prevents effective pulmonary toileting. We hypothesized that patients with longer time to mobilization, as measured by time to first physical therapy (PT) session, would have higher pulmonary complications. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of all trauma patients with cervical and thoracolumbar spinal fractures admitted to a level 1 trauma center over a 12-month period...

A 34-year-old immunosuppressed male presented with worsening bilateral lower extremity weakness and urinary retention accompanied by a painless clean-based chancre on his glans penis. Physical examination revealed symmetrically diminished lower extremity weakness most pronounced with hip flexion and knee extension and absent Achilles reflexes. Full MRI spine without contrast was noncontributory. Lumbar puncture showed elevated protein and total nucleated cells with lymphocytic predominance...

BACKGROUND This study of 60 patients with low back pain (LBP) aimed to compare outcomes following magnetotherapy, ultrasound therapy, laser therapy, and electrotherapy, with and without lumbosacral kinesiotherapy, and used the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (OLBPDQ). This was a randomized actively controlled intervention trial of adding kinesiotherapy to a standard physiotherapy for LBP. MATERIAL AND METHODS The research included 60 participants with a diagnosis of chronic non-specific lumbar pain syndrome (CNSLPS) (mean±SD age 58...

Functional leg length discrepancy results from soft tissue tightness or weakness across any joint in the lower extremity or spine. Herein, we present a 23-year-old female patient with leg length discrepancy due to a nontraumatic myositis ossificans (MO). Interpretation of the imaging findings is quite decisive in diagnosing soft tissue pathologies. It is particularly valid for MO to differentiate from other malignant or infectious lesions. There is no consensus on the treatment of nontraumatic MO. Although there are studies stating the contrary, surgical interventions should be considered as second option for patients who failed with nonsurgical treatments such as physical therapy...