keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537134/nk-cell-elicited-gasdermin-d-dependent-hepatocyte-pyroptosis-induces-neutrophil-extracellular-traps-that-facilitates-hbv-related-acute-on-chronic-liver-failure
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiang Zhao, Dong-Ping Chen, Hua-Di Chen, Ying-Zhe Wang, Wei Shi, Yi-Tong Lu, Yi-Zheng Ren, Yuan-Kai Wu, Yi-Hua Pang, Hong Deng, Xiaoshun He, Dong-Ming Kuang, Zhi-Yong Guo
BACKGROUND AIMS: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major etiology of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). At present, the pattern and regulation of hepatocyte death during HBV-ACLF progression are still undefined. Evaluating the mode of cell death and its inducers will provide new insights for developing therapeutic strategies targeting cell death. In this study, we aimed to elucidate whether and how immune landscapes trigger hepatocyte death and lead to the progression of HBV-related ACLF...
March 27, 2024: Hepatology: Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537081/performance-of-outbreak-management-plans-for-emerging-plant-diseases-the-case-of-almond-leaf-scorch-caused-by-xylella-fastidiosa-in-mainland-spain
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Cendoya, Elena Lázaro, Ana Navarro-Quiles, Antonio López-Quílez, David Conesa, Antonio Vicent
Outbreak response to quarantine pathogens and pests in the European Union (EU) is regulated by the EU Plant Health Law, but the performance of outbreak management plans in terms of their effectiveness and efficiency has been quantified only to a limited extent. As a case study, the disease dynamics of almond leaf scorch, caused by Xylella fastidiosa ( Xf ), in the affected area of Alicante, Spain, were approximated using an individual-based spatial epidemiological model. The emergence of this outbreak was dated based on phylogenetic studies, and official surveys were used to delimit the current extent of the disease...
March 27, 2024: Phytopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537007/independent-predictors-for-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-in-patients-with-treatment-na%C3%A3-ve-chronic-hepatitis-b
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gulsah Tuncer, Ceyda Geyiktepe-Guclu, Osman Faruk Bayramlar, Burcu Atasoy Bozan, Cigdem Yucel, Betul Copur, Kadir Gorkem Guclu, Mustafa Yıldırım, Gonul Sengöz, Filiz Pehlivanoglu
OBJECTIVE: There are limited data on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. We aimed to determine the predictors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B virus infection. METHODS: All consecutive treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection at the Haseki Training and Research Hospital between October 1, 2021, and September 31, 2022, were retrospectively enrolled...
2024: Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536999/occurrence-of-arbovirus-infections-in-two-riverine-populations-in-the-municipality-of-humait%C3%A3-amazonas-brazil
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaqueline Carvalho de Oliveira Silva, Igor Rodrigo Ferreira Siqueira, Leormando Fortunato Dornelas, Cristhian Magalhães Ribeiro, João Pedro Berno Gomes, Iagor Wingenbah Guadagnin, Antonieta Relvas Pereira, Genimar Rebouças Julião, Juliana de Souza Almeida Aranha Camargo, Sergio Almeida Basano, Luís Marcelo Aranha Camargo
BACKGROUND: The riverine communities of the Amazon comprise different social groups that inhabit the rural areas on the banks of rivers and lakes. Residents usually travel by river to rural and urban areas and are then exposed to urbanized diseases such as those caused by arbovirus infection. In Brazil, emerging diseases such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and those caused by infection with Oropouche and Mayaro viruses necessitate epidemiological surveillance. This study was aimed at determining the frequency of positivity for immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM antibodies against Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viruses and performing molecular analyses to detect viral RNA for the Zika, chikungunya, dengue virus, Oropouche, and Mayaro viruses, in the same serum samples obtained from riverside populations...
2024: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536966/the-effect-of-boxwood-leaf-volatiles-on-conidial-germination-of-calonectria-pseudonaviculata-the-causal-agent-of-boxwood-blight
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mana Ohkura, Bryan R Beck, Carolyn F Scagel, Jerry E Weiland
The fungal pathogen Calonectria pseudonaviculata causes boxwood blight and is a significant threat to the boxwood industry as well as historic boxwood gardens. The pathogen produces conidia in sticky masses that are splash dispersed, which germinate and infect through stomata on the leaves or stems, causing leaf spots and stem lesions. Despite its ability to cause severe infections on boxwood plants, the pathogen often has a low germination rate on artificial media under lab conditions. To identify cues that stimulate germination, we explored whether host factors could induce high germination rates...
March 27, 2024: Phytopathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536871/species-specific-responses-during-seoul-orthohantavirus-infection-in-human-and-rat-lung-microvascular-endothelial-cells
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danny Noack, Mirjam C G N van den Hout, Carmen W E Embregts, Wilfred F J van IJcken, Marion P G Koopmans, Barry Rockx
Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) is a rat-borne zoonotic virus that is transmitted via inhalation of aerosolized infectious excreta, and can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans worldwide. In rats, SEOV predominantly exists as a persistent infection in the absence of overt clinical signs. Lack of disease in rats is attributed to downregulation of pro-inflammatory and upregulation of regulatory host responses. As lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMECs) represent a primary target of infection in both human and rats, infections in these cells provide a unique opportunity to study the central role of LMECs in the dichotomy between pathogenicity in both species...
March 27, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536820/changes-in-sars-cov-2-viral-load-and-titers-over-time-in-sars-cov-2-infected-human-corpses
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sayaka Nagasawa, Yuichiro Hirata, Sho Miyamoto, Seiya Ozono, Shun Iida, Harutaka Katano, Shigeki Tsuneya, Kei Kira, Susumu Kobayashi, Makoto Nakajima, Hiroyuki Abe, Masako Ikemura, Isao Yamamoto, Kimiko Nakagawa, Kazumi Kubota, Shinji Akitomi, Iwao Hasegawa, Tetsuo Ushiku, Tadaki Suzuki, Hirotaro Iwase, Yohsuke Makino, Hisako Saitoh
High viral titers of infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been detected in human corpses long after death. However, little is known about the kinetics of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in corpses. In this case series study, we investigated the postmortem kinetics of infectious SARS-CoV-2 in human corpses by collecting nasopharyngeal swab samples at multiple time points from six SARS-CoV-2-infected patients after their death. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from all six deceased patients...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536757/maintenance-of-persistent-transmission-of-a-plant-arbovirus-in-its-insect-vector-mediated-by-the-toll-dorsal-immune-pathway
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Juan He, Gang Lu, Bo-Jie Xu, Qian-Zhuo Mao, Yu-Hua Qi, Gao-Yang Jiao, Hai-Tao Weng, Yan-Zhen Tian, Hai-Jian Huang, Chuan-Xi Zhang, Jian-Ping Chen, Jun-Min Li
Throughout evolution, arboviruses have developed various strategies to counteract the host's innate immune defenses to maintain persistent transmission. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to bacteria and fungi, the innate Toll-Dorsal immune system also plays an essential role in preventing viral infections in invertebrates. However, whether the classical Toll immune pathway is involved in maintaining the homeostatic process to ensure the persistent and propagative transmission of arboviruses in insect vectors remain unclear...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536702/immune-interface-interference-vaccines-an-evolution-informed-approach-to-anti-bacterial-vaccine-design
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas J Croucher
Developing protein-based vaccines against bacteria has proved much more challenging than producing similar immunisations against viruses. Currently, anti-bacterial vaccines are designed using methods based on reverse vaccinology. These identify broadly conserved, immunogenic proteins using a combination of genomic and high-throughput laboratory data. While this approach has successfully generated multiple rationally designed formulations that show promising immunogenicity in animal models, few have been licensed...
March 2024: Microbial Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536666/non-cancerous-complications-in-htlv-1-carriers
#10
REVIEW
Akihiro Ohmoto, Shigeo Fuji
INTRODUCTION: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers may develop adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). The evidence is limited regarding other diseases potentially associated with HTLV-1, such as HTLV-1-associated autoimmune diseases. AREA COVERED: We summarized the available information on complications associated with HTLV-1 infection. EXPERT OPINION: Previous studies showed that HTLV-1 carriers have an increased incidence of collagen diseases including Sjögren's syndrome, as well as dysthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis...
March 27, 2024: Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536635/the-acetic-acid-produced-by-lactobacillus-species-regulates-immune-function-to-alleviate-pedv-infection-in-piglets
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ming-Jie Sun, Jun Hong Xing, Qing-Song Yan, Bo-Shi Zou, Ying-Jie Wang, Tian-Ming Niu, Tong Yu, Hai-Bin Huang, Di Zhang, Shu-Min Zhang, Wu-Sheng Sun, Ruo-Nan Zou, Chun-Feng Wang, Chun-Wei Shi
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection results in significant mortality among newborn piglets, leading to substantial economic setbacks in the pig industry. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), the metabolites of intestinal probiotics, play pivotal roles in modulating intestinal function, enhancing the intestinal barrier, and bolstering immune responses through diverse mechanisms. The protective potential of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and Lactococcus lactis was first noted when administered to PEDV-infected piglets...
March 27, 2024: Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536208/metagenomic-sequencing-sheds-light-on-microbes-putatively-associated-with-pneumonia-related-fatalities-of-white-tailed-deer-odocoileus-virginianus
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Melanie B Prentice, Marie L J Gilbertson, Daniel J Storm, Wendy C Turner, Daniel P Walsh, Marie E Pinkerton, Pauline L Kamath
With emerging infectious disease outbreaks in human, domestic and wild animal populations on the rise, improvements in pathogen characterization and surveillance are paramount for the protection of human and animal health, as well as the conservation of ecologically and economically important wildlife. Genomics offers a range of suitable tools to meet these goals, with metagenomic sequencing facilitating the characterization of whole microbial communities associated with emerging and endemic disease outbreaks...
March 2024: Microbial Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536084/an-overview-of-electrochemical-biosensors-used-for-covid-19-detection
#13
REVIEW
Tatiana Lima Valerio, Raquel Anastácio, Stella Schuster da Silva, Carolina Camargo de Oliveira, Marcio Vidotti
This short review presents the latest advances in the field of electrochemical biosensors, focusing particularly on impedimetric biosensors for the direct measurement of analytes. As a source of study we have chosen to describe these advances in the latest global health crisis originated from the COVID-19 pandemic, initiated by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In this period, the necessity for swift and precise detection methods has grown rapidly due to an imminent need for the development of an analytical method to identify and isolate infected patients as an attempt to control the spreading of the disease...
March 27, 2024: Analytical Methods: Advancing Methods and Applications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535884/potential-way-to-develop-dengue-virus-detection-in-aedes-larvae-as-an-alternative-for-dengue-active-surveillance-a-literature-review
#14
REVIEW
Yenny Rachmawati, Savira Ekawardhani, Nisa Fauziah, Lia Faridah, Kozo Watanabe
The burden of dengue has emerged as a serious public health issue due to its impact on morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Existing surveillance systems are inadequate to provide the necessary data for the prompt and efficient control of dengue. Passive surveillance of dengue cases may lead to underreporting and delayed mitigation responses. Improved dengue control program requires sensitive and proactive methods for early detection of dengue. We collected and reviewed existing research articles worldwide on detecting dengue virus in Aedes species larvae...
March 11, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535877/integrated-strategies-for-aedes-aegypti-control-applied-to-individual-houses-an-approach-to-mitigate-vectorial-arbovirus-transmission
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danielle Cristina Tenório Varjal de Melo, Eloína Maria de Mendonça Santos, Morgana Nascimento Xavier, Josimara do Nascimento, Victor Araújo Barbosa, André Luiz de Sá Oliveira, Marcos Vinícius Meiado, Maria Alice Varjal de Melo-Santos, Marcelo Henrique Santos Paiva, Gabriel da Luz Wallau, Cláudia Maria Fontes de Oliveira
Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes are vectors of different arboviruses that cause a large burden of disease in humans worldwide. A key step towards reducing the impact of arboviruses on humans can be achieved through integrated mosquito surveillance and control approaches. We carried out an integrated approach of mosquito surveillance and control actions to reduce populations of these insects along with a viral surveillance in a neighborhood of Recife (Northeastern Brazil) with high mosquito densities and arbovirus transmission...
February 24, 2024: Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535872/detection-and-phylogenetic-analysis-of-caprine-arthritis-encephalitis-virus-using-taqman-based-qpcr-in-eastern-china
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yutong Tian, Hailong Zhang, Yan Zhang, Xinya Zhang, Zhilei Guan, Junjie Zhang, Yafeng Qiu, Beibei Li, Ke Liu, Zongjie Li, Donghua Shao, Peng Li, Zhiyong Ma, Jianchao Wei
Caprine arthritis encephalitis is an infectious disease caused by the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus that infects goats, sheep, and other small ruminants. An outbreak of CAEV could be extremely harmful to the goat farming industry and could cause severe economic losses. We designed specific primers and probes for the gag gene and established a TaqMan real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. This method's correlation coefficient (R2 ) was >0.999, and the sensitivity of the assay to the plasmid-carried partial gag gene was approximately 10 copies/µL, 1000 times higher than that of conventional PCR...
March 21, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535869/identification-of-the-effects-of-5-azacytidine-on-porcine-circovirus-type-2-replication-in-porcine-kidney-cells
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yiyi Shan, Qi Xiao, Kongwang He, Shenglong Wu, Wenbin Bao, Zhengchang Wu
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is the main pathogen causing post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which mainly targets the body's immune system and poses a serious threat to the global pig industry. 5-Azacytidine is a potent inhibitor of DNA methylation, which can participate in many important physiological and pathological processes, including virus-related processes, by inhibiting gene expression. However, the impact of 5-Aza on PCV2 replication in cells is not yet clear. We explored the impact of 5-Aza on PCV2 infection utilizing PK15 cells as a cellular model...
March 20, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535856/establishment-and-application-prospect-of-reverse-transcriptase-recombinase-aided-amplification-assay-for-subgroup-c-avian-metapneumovirus
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuhang Bai, Xiuhong Wu, Jiajia Liu, Zhanxin Wang, Mengyue Dong, Tong Li, Zhenkai Dai, Hongxin Li, Qingmei Xie, Xinheng Zhang
Among broilers, the main pathogen that leads to swollen head syndrome (SHS) is the subgroup C avian metapneumovirus (aMPV-C). The aMPV-C infection can lead to an upsurge in the rate of soft-shell eggs, resulting in reduced egg production and seriously affecting the economy of the livestock industry. Therefore, a rapid method for aMPV-C detection needs to be invented. According to the N gene of aMPV-C, we designed the specific probe and primer and created a reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay (RT-RAA) for the detection of aMPV-C...
March 7, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535798/function-and-mechanism-of-antiviral-wasp-venom-peptide-protopolybia-mp-iii-and-its-derivatives-against-hsv-1
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fang Sun, Xiangdong Ye, Tanran Han, Jingwen Xia, Lili Wu, Wen Zhu, Li Ding, Xudong Luo, Chenhu Qin, Zongyun Chen
Viruses are one of the leading causes of human disease, and many highly pathogenic viruses still have no specific treatment drugs. Therefore, producing new antiviral drugs is an urgent matter. In our study, we first found that the natural wasp venom peptide Protopolybia-MP III had a significant inhibitory effect on herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication in vitro by using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), Western blotting, and plaque-forming assays. Immunofluorescence analysis showed Protopolybia-MP III could enter cells, and it inhibited multiple stages of the HSV-1 life cycle, including the attachment, entry/fusion, and post-entry stages...
March 4, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535797/mycoviruses-increase-the-attractiveness-of-fusarium-graminearum-for-fungivores-and-suppress-production-of-the-mycotoxin-deoxynivalenol
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon Schiwek, Matthäus Slonka, Mohammad Alhussein, Dennis Knierim, Paolo Margaria, Hanna Rose, Katja R Richert-Pöggeler, Michael Rostás, Petr Karlovsky
RNA viruses of the genera Ambivirus , Mitovirus , Sclerotimonavirus , and Partitivirus were found in a single isolate of Fusarium graminearum . The genomes of the mitovirus, sclerotimonavirus, and partitivirus were assigned to previously described viruses, whereas the ambivirus genome putatively represents a new species, named Fusarium graminearum ambivirus 1 (FgAV1). To investigate the effect of mycoviruses on the fungal phenotype, the spontaneous loss of mycoviruses during meiosis and the transmission of mycoviruses into a new strain via anastomosis were used to obtain isogenic F...
March 2, 2024: Toxins
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