haemopoetic

This paper presents data from an investigation of the mode of action of five different crustacean immunostimulants presented to European lobster (Homarus gammarus) granulocytes cultured in vitro. The experiments were designed to test whether or not the immunostimulants could cause the short-term up-regulation of genes coding for immune proteins without causing the cells to degranulate. Quantitative measurements of mRNA transcript abundance were made using real-time PCR and it was first necessary to isolate the complete gene sequences coding for the proteins prophenoloxidase (proPO), beta-1,3-glucan binding protein (betaGBP) and beta-actin (beta-act) in the lobster...

The therapeutic use of growth hormone (GH) has caused concern, as it is anabolic and mitogenic, and its effector hormone, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I is anti-apoptotic. As both hormones can cause proliferation of normal and malignant cells, the possibility that GH therapy may induce cancer, increase the risk of tumour recurrence in those previously treated for a malignancy, or increase the risk of cancer in those with a predisposition, has resulted in concerns over its use. There are theoretical and epidemiological reasons that suggest GH and IGF-I may be important in tumour formation and proliferation...

Hyperinfection with strongyloides stercolis occurs in the setting of chronic strongyloides infection in conjunction with immune suppression. Although malnutrition remains the major secondary cause worldwide in the developed world, iatrogenic immune suppression is an important precipitant. Autologous stem cell transplantation recipients are significantly immunocompromised albeit temporarily. Despite the increasing use of haemopoetic stem cell transplantation, hyperinfection with strongyloides has rarely been reported...

OBJECTIVE: To compare sperm count of cancer patients with health men, to analyze possible relation of sperm pathology and diagnosis of malignant disease and present experience of our cryopreservation programme for cancer patients. DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. METHODS: 215 patients (age 25.4 +/- 5.6 years) were referred to our unit by oncology specialists for semen cryopreservation before cancer treatment during 1995-2001...

BACKGROUND: The calcifying fibroblastic granuloma (CFG) is a variant of epulis characterised histologically by calcified nodules and metaplastic bone formation and clinically by its pattern of frequent recurrence. Recent evidence suggests that calcified nodules and bone may form directly from non-haemopoetic pericytes in a variety of situations. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that metaplastic bone formation in CFG may be the result of a pericytic differentiation pathway. METHODS: A series of 16 cases of CFG meeting the criteria of Lee were reviewed and stained using markers which aid the identification of pericyte (smooth muscle actin, von Willebrand's factor, monoclonal antibody 3G5) and osteoblast (AML-3) lineages...

The mitotic figure, named premature anaphase (PA) or C-anaphase, could be considered as a cytogenetic forerunner of following cell apoptosis in G1 phase. To confirm this hypothesis the comparative analysis was performed using cytogenetic, cytologic, flow cytometric and DNA fragmentation methods upon the cells with different proliferative ability and degree of differentiation. PA level was significantly increased in bone marrow and blood cells in vitro in cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, decreased until total disappearance in remission and not revealed in control...

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Apoptosis is one of the key tools used by an embryo to regulate cell numbers and sculpt body shape. Although massive numbers of cells die during development, they are so rapidly phagocytosed that very few corpses are ever seen in most embryonic tissues. In this paper, we focus on the catastrophic cell death that occurs as the developing footplate is remodelled to transform webbed regions into free interdigital spaces. In the wild-type embryo, these dead cells are rapidly engulfed and cleared by macrophages...

Clozapine is a dibenzodiazepine derivative with established antipsychotic efficacy in adult patients with schizophrenic psychoses. There are more than 15 studies that have also demonstrated the antipsychotic efficacy of clozapine in childhood and adolescent schizophrenia. The main advantages of clozapine treatment in this age group in comparison with typical antipsychotics are: (i) high antipsychotic efficacy during an acute schizophrenic episode; (ii) better improvement in chronic cases with a high load of negative symptoms; and (iii) markedly fewer extrapyramidal adverse effects and, therefore, fairly good tolerability...

The effect of an indigenous medical preparation--Brahma Rasayana (BR)--on the haemopoetic protection in cancer patients undergoing radio in association with chemotherapy was studied. Administration of BR accelerated the recovery of the haemopoetic system as seen by a rapid rise in total leukocytes. Both lymphocytes and neutrophils were significantly increased by Rasayana treatment. Nadir of WBC was 3633 +/- 120 and 2954 +/- 305 in treated and untreated patients. Nadir of neutrophils was 2830 +/- 964 in treated patients and 1791 +/- 922 in untreated patients...

The influence of thyroxine and insulin on the share of cell populations, involved in erythro- and myelopoiesis in bone marrow and blood of 1-10-day old pigs, was investigated. After durable injections of thyroxine (4mg per kg body weight every 12 h from the 2nd day of life) a relative share of erythroid cells in haemopoetic tissue of animal bone marrow was seen to increase, while the proliferative activity of myeloid precursors decreased. Under the influence of insulin (after injections 0.15 U insulin per kg body weight every 12 h for 3 days) a relative share of proliferating erythroid cells increased, while that of myeloid cell did not change significantly...

In order to clarify the possible connection between autosomal folate sensitive Fragile Sites (FS) and genetic susceptibility to haemopoetic disease in children we investigated the frequency and distribution of FS in the Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes (PBL) of 56 children with newly diagnosed and untreated haematologic malignancies and their parents. The incidence was compared with that of 146 normal controls (children and adults). In all patients the Bone Marrow (BM) karyotype was also determined. Heritable FS were detected in 49 patients (87...

UNLABELLED: We describe a sustained trilineage haematopoietic response to intensified immunosuppressive therapy with anti-thymocyte globulin, cyclosporin A and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a 4-year-old girl, who developed severe aplastic anaemia after orthotopic liver transplantation for fulminant liver failure induced by non A-E hepatitis. The outcome was successful and allows the following. CONCLUSION: Intense immunosuppression in combination with haemopoetic growth factors and antimicrobial prophylaxis should be considered as first line therapy in severe aplastic anaemia after orthotopic liver trans-plantation...

Following the development of the cyclotron in 1932, radio-isotopes became available for use in medicine both as tracer substances and therapeutic agents. The father of nuclear medicine, Dr J. H. Lawrence, pioneered their use in a range of disease states and found that radio-isotopes were of enormous value in the diagnosis and treatment of haemopoetic disease, particularly the myeloproliferative disorders. Radioactive phosphorus 32P emerged as the radio-isotope of choice for the myelosuppressive treatment of myeloproliferative disorders...

The incidence of cryptosporidiosis was studied in 560 cancer patients presenting with symptoms of diarrhoea. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in the stool specimens by modified acid fast staining. Blood was examined for HIV antibodies from patients whose stool specimens were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts. Oocysts were detected in 7 of the 560 (1.3%) patients who were receiving chemotherapy and had diarrhoea; in five of them the symptoms were acute, while tow patients had chronic diarrhoea. Of these seven patients, five had cancer of haemopoetic system, one had cancer of cervix and one had uterine sarcoma...

Following the emergence of biochemical zinc deficiency after bone marrow transplantation, the clinical value of plasma alkaline phosphatase activity as an early indicator of biochemical zinc depletion was investigated in this group of patients. Serial measurements of plasma zinc and alkaline phosphatase activities in 28 consecutive children (median age 8.7 years; 16 males) undergoing bone marrow transplantation were carried out and clinical associations recorded. A significant fall in plasma zinc occurred after the bone marrow transplant, and 19 children developed biochemical zinc deficiency (Zn < 11 mumol/l) at a median of 7 days following the transplant...

The association of lymphoproliferative disorders and polycythemia vera (PV) is extremely rare. Here we report a patient with PV who developed anaplastic B-cell (Ki-1) non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The rare occurrence of lymphoproliferative disorder in the course of PV, may indicate that in a minority of patients, clonal expansion of an abnormal pluripotent haemopoetic stem cell could be responsible for both the PV and the NHL.

A cDNA encoding ovine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was isolated and two forms of recombinant ovine GM-CSF were produced. A glycosylated form was produced in mammalian cells infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus encoding ovine GM-CSF. Recombinant ovine GM-CSF was also produced in Escherichia coli and purified by affinity chromatography. Both forms of the protein were detected by ovine GM-CSF-specific monoclonal antibodies, and exhibited activity on ovine bone marrow haemopoetic progenitor cells...

Apoptosis and necrosis are two important mechanisms of cell death. Several methods have recently been described for quantifying apoptotic cells by flow cytometry. We report a novel method for the quantification and separation of viable normal and apoptotic cells. We have applied this method both to immature rat thymocytes treated with a variety of agents and to a murine haemopoetic cell line after withdrawal of a growth factor. The cells were incubated with two dyes which give fluorescent complexes when bound to DNA, the bis-benzimidazole, Hoechst 33342, and propidium iodide...

In insufficient function of bone marrow thymostimulin has an important role in the proliferation of haemopoetic cells, take part in the regeneration of lymphocytes, as well as in the normalisation processes of T lymphocytes. Its advantageous effect has been demonstrated in different viral infections, thus in herpes simplex, hepatitis B and C, as well as in AIDS virus induced diseases. It has also an important role in correction of the immunodeficiency of organism in various malignant diseases.