keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547408/oesophageal-fluoroscopy-when-and-why
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Scharitzer, Peter Pokieser, Olle Ekberg
Oesophageal fluoroscopy is a radiological procedure that uses dynamic recording of the swallowing process to evaluate morphology and function simultaneously, a characteristic not found in other clinical tests. It enables a comprehensive evaluation of the entire upper gastrointestinal tract, from the oropharynx to oesophagogastric bolus transport. The number of fluoroscopies of the oesophagus and the oropharynx has increased in recent decades, while the overall use of gastrointestinal fluoroscopic examinations has declined...
March 28, 2024: British Journal of Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547202/design-and-implementation-of-an-intensive-panel-survey-with-refugees-and-other-migrants-in-need-of-protection-in-costa-rica
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abigail Weitzman, Matthew Blanton, Sophie M Morse, Gilbert Brenes Camacho, María José Chaves Groh
Over the last decade, the global population of refugees and other migrants in need of international protection (MNP) has more than doubled. Despite their rapid growth, panel data collection among MNP remains rare, leaving scholars with few data sources to draw on to understand dynamic changes in their social, economic, legal, or health circumstances. With that paucity in mind, we developed and piloted the Encuesta de Refugiados: Experiencias Sociales y Salud (ERESS), a weekly panel survey conducted with MNP living in Costa Rica...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38547133/urban-public-services-and-fertility-intentions-of-internal-migrants-in-china
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sichen Liu, Quanling Cai, Mingxing Wang, Kaisheng Di
As China continues to implement its progressive fertility promotion policy, there has been a drastic decline in the fertility rate. Given that the migrant population constitutes more than a quarter of China's total population, enhancing the willingness of this demographic to have additional children through policy-guided urban public services is pivotal for optimizing China's population development strategy. This study analyzes the influence of urban public services on the reproductive intentions of the migrant population, utilizing data from 110,667 migrant families with one child, drawn from China's Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring data in 2016 and 2018...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546744/a-nonautonomous-model-for-the-interaction-between-a-size-structured-consumer-and-an-unstructured-resource
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhuxin Ni, Qihua Huang
In this paper, we propose and analyze a nonautonomous model that describes the dynamics of a size-structured consumer interacting with an unstructured resource. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the model using the monotone method based on a comparison principle. We derive conditions on the model parameters that result in persistence and extinction of the population via the upper-lower solution technique. We verify and complement the theoretical results through numerical simulations.
March 28, 2024: Journal of Mathematical Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546485/room-temperature-spin-crossover-properties-in-a-series-of-mixed-anion-fe-nh-2-trz-3-bf-4-2-x-sif-6-x-2-complexes
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinyu Yang, Alejandro Enriquez-Cabrera, Kane Jacob, Yannick Coppel, Lionel Salmon, Azzedine Bousseksou
A series of mixed-anion Fe(NH2 trz)3 (BF4 )2- x (SiF6 ) x /2 spin crossover complexes is obtained modifying the reaction time but also using an increase amount of tetraethyl orthosilicate as the source for the production and the incorporation of SiF6 2- competing with the BF4 2- anions present in the mother solution. The increase of the SiF6 2- anion inclusion to the detriment of the BF4 - counterpart induces a shift of the temperature transition toward high temperatures leading to interesting bistability properties around room temperature with T 1/2 spanning from 300 K to 325 K...
March 28, 2024: Dalton Transactions: An International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546104/seasonal-dynamics-of-the-standard-test-species-lemna-sp-in-outdoor-microcosms
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gertie H P Arts, Jasper van Smeden, Marieke F Wolters, J Dick M Belgers, Arrienne M Matser, Udo Hommen, Eric Bruns, Simon Heine, Andreas Solga, Seamus Taylor
Lemna L. sp. is a free-floating aquatic macrophyte that plays a key role as a standard test species in aquatic risk assessment for herbicides and other contaminants. Population modeling can be used to extrapolate from laboratory to field conditions. However, there are insufficient data on longer-term seasonal dynamics of this species to evaluate such models. Therefore, several long-term growth experiments were conducted in outdoor microcosms (surface area 0.174 m2 ). Monitoring parameters included biomass, frond numbers, water parameters, and weather data...
March 28, 2024: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545961/how-could-a-pooled-testing-policy-have-performed-in-managing-the-early-stages-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-results-from-a-simulation-study
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bethany Heath, Sofía S Villar, David S Robertson
A coordinated testing policy is an essential tool for responding to emerging epidemics, as was seen with COVID-19. However, it is very difficult to agree on the best policy when there are multiple conflicting objectives. A key objective is minimizing cost, which is why pooled testing (a method that involves pooling samples taken from multiple individuals and analyzing this with a single diagnostic test) has been suggested. In this article, we present results from an extensive and realistic simulation study comparing testing policies based on individually testing subjects with symptoms (a policy resembling the UK strategy at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic), individually testing subjects at random or pools of subjects randomly combined and tested...
March 28, 2024: Statistics in Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38545442/modelling-the-unexpected-dynamics-of-covid-19-in-manaus-brazil
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daihai He, Yael Artzy-Randrup, Salihu S Musa, Tiago Gräf, Felipe Naveca, Lewi Stone
In late March 2020, SARS-CoV-2 arrived in Manaus, Brazil, and rapidly developed into a large-scale epidemic that collapsed the local health system and resulted in extreme death rates. Several key studies reported that ∼76% of residents of Manaus were infected (attack rate AR≃76%) by October 2020, suggesting protective herd immunity had been reached. Despite this, an unexpected second wave of COVID-19 struck again in November and proved to be larger than the first, creating a catastrophe for the unprepared population...
June 2024: Infectious Disease Modelling
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544759/prospective-changes-in-anemia-are-associated-with-the-incidence-and-persistence-of-sarcopenia-among-older-mexican-adults
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanessa De La Cruz-Góngora, Aaron Salinas-Rodriguez, Betty Manrique-Espinoza
BACKGROUND: Low hemoglobin levels are a significant biomarker in the prognosis of sarcopenia. Anemia and sarcopenia are frequent and disabling conditions in the older adult population, but little is known about the role of anemia in the onset and progression of sarcopenia. This study aimed to determine whether prospective changes in anemia are associated with the incidence and persistence of sarcopenia. METHODS: Data come from the second and third waves (2014, 2017) of the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) in Mexico...
2024: Frontiers in Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543899/insights-from-real-world-practice-the-dynamics-of-sars-cov-2-infections-and-vaccinations-in-a-large-german-multiple-sclerosis-cohort
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hernan Inojosa, Dirk Schriefer, Yassin Atta, Anja Dillenseger, Undine Proschmann, Katharina Schleußner, Christina Woopen, Tjalf Ziemssen, Katja Akgün
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic profoundly impacted people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Disease-related aspects and demographic factors may influence vaccination rates, infection susceptibility, and severity. Despite prior research, comprehensive real-world data obtained throughout the pandemic remain limited. We investigated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection patterns in a large monocentric real-world cohort. We collected prospective data from medical visits at the MS Center Dresden, Germany, from the pandemic's beginning until 31 May 2022...
March 3, 2024: Vaccines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543846/the-effect-of-global-spread-epidemiology-and-control-strategies-on-the-evolution-of-the-gi-19-lineage-of-infectious-bronchitis-virus
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giovanni Franzo, Giulia Faustini, Claudia Maria Tucciarone, Francesca Poletto, Francesca Tonellato, Mattia Cecchinato, Matteo Legnardi
The GI-19 lineage of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) has emerged as one of the most impactful, particularly in the "Old World". Originating in China several decades ago, it has consistently spread and evolved, often forming independent clades in various areas and countries, each with distinct production systems and control strategies. This study leverages this scenario to explore how different environments may influence virus evolution. Through the analysis of the complete S1 sequence, four datasets were identified, comprising strains of monophyletic clades circulating in different continents or countries (e...
March 20, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543799/presence-of-alphacoronavirus-in-tree-and-crevice-dwelling-bats-from-portugal
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahima Hemnani, Priscilla Gomes da Silva, Gertrude Thompson, Patrícia Poeta, Hugo Rebelo, João R Mesquita
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are RNA viruses capable of infecting a wide range of hosts, including mammals and birds, and have caused significant epidemics such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Bats, the second most diverse mammalian order, are hosts for various CoVs due to their unique immune responses and ecological traits. This study investigates CoV prevalence in crevice- and tree-dwelling bats in Portugal, a country with limited prior research on bat CoVs. Using nested RT-PCR and sequencing, we screened 87 stool samples from bats, identifying one sample (1...
March 12, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543774/modulation-of-equid-herpesvirus-1-replication-dynamics-in-vitro-using-crispr-cas9-assisted-genome-editing
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rabab T Hassanien, Côme J Thieulent, Mariano Carossino, Ganwu Li, Udeni B R Balasuriya
(1) Background: equid alphaherpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) is a highly contagious viral pathogen prevalent in most horse populations worldwide. Genome-editing technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 have become powerful tools for precise RNA-guided genome modifications; (2) Methods: we designed single guide RNAs (sgRNA) to target three essential (ORF30, ORF31, and ORF7) and one non-essential (ORF74) EHV-1 genes and determine their effect on viral replication dynamics in vitro ; (3) Results: we demonstrated that sgRNAs targeting essential lytic genes reduced EHV-1 replication, whereas those targeting ORF74 had a negligible effect...
March 6, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543691/epidemiological-and-clinical-characteristics-of-mpox-in-cisgender-and-transgender-women-and-non-binary-individuals-assigned-to-the-female-sex-at-birth-a-comprehensive-critical-global-perspective
#14
REVIEW
Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Woldegebriel Assefa Woldegerima, Jianhong Wu, Manlio Converti, Lukasz Szarpak, Andrea Crapanzano, Marwan Odeh, Raymond Farah, Rola Khamisy-Farah
The 2022-2023 Mpox multi-country outbreak, identified in over 110 WHO Member States, revealed a predominant impact on cisgender men, particularly those engaging in sex with men, while less frequently affecting women. This disparity prompted a focused investigation into the gender-specific characteristics of Mpox infections, particularly among women, to address a notable knowledge gap. This review systematically gathers and analyzes the scientific literature and case reports concerning Mpox infections in women, covering a broad geographical spectrum including regions such as Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Nigeria, Europe, Vietnam, and the United States...
February 21, 2024: Viruses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543678/dinoflagellate-proton-pump-rhodopsin-genes-in-long-island-sound-diversity-and-spatiotemporal-distribution
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huan Zhang, Kelly J Nulick, Zair Burris, Melissa Pierce, Minglei Ma, Senjie Lin
Microbial proton-pump rhodopsin (PPR)-based phototrophy, a light-harvesting mechanism different from chlorophyll-based photosystems, may contribute significantly to solar energy entry into the marine ecosystem. PPR transforms solar energy into cellular energy that is used for various metabolic processes in the cells or flagellar movement. Although rhodopsins or their encoding genes have been documented in a wide phylogenetic range of cultured dinoflagellates, information is limited about how widespread and how spatiotemporally dynamical dinoflagellate PPR (DiPPR) are in natural marine ecosystems...
March 21, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543562/exploring-cereal-metagenomics-unravelling-microbial-communities-for-improved-food-security
#16
REVIEW
Kedibone Masenya, Madira Coutlyne Manganyi, Tshegofatso Bridget Dikobe
Food security is an urgent global challenge, with cereals playing a crucial role in meeting the nutritional requirements of populations worldwide. In recent years, the field of metagenomics has emerged as a powerful tool for studying the microbial communities associated with cereal crops and their impact on plant health and growth. This chapter aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cereal metagenomics and its role in enhancing food security through the exploration of beneficial and pathogenic microbial interactions...
March 2, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543509/female-genital-schistosomiasis-a-neglected-among-the-neglected-tropical-diseases
#17
REVIEW
Benedetta Rossi, Letizia Previtali, Martina Salvi, Roberta Gerami, Lina Rachele Tomasoni, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan
Schistosomiasis is a neglected parasitic disease linked to water, posing a global public health concern with a significant burden in sub-Saharan Africa. It is transmitted by Schistosoma spp., causing both acute and chronic effects affecting the urogenital or the hepato-intestinal system. Through granuloma formation, chronic schistosomiasis weakens host immunity, heightening susceptibility to coinfections. Notably, female genital schistosomiasis (FGS), a disregarded gynecological condition, adversely affects girls' and women's reproductive health and increases vulnerability to HIV...
February 24, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543486/a-real-world-nationwide-study-on-covid-19-trend-in-italy-during-the-autumn-winter-season-of-2020-before-mass-vaccination-and-2021-after-mass-vaccination-integrated-with-a-retrospective-analysis-of-the-mortality-burden-per-year
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luca Roncati, Carlo Galeazzi, Giulia Bartolacelli, Stefania Caramaschi
UNLABELLED: SARS-CoV-2 virulence is known to increase with lowering of environmental temperature and solar ultraviolet radiation; therefore, we have focused our real-world nationwide study concerning with COVID-19 trend and dynamics on the coldest seasons of the year in Italy, the Western country hardest hit at the onset of the pandemic, comparing the autumn-winter of 2020 (before mass vaccination but when the emergency machinery was fully operative in terms of tracing and swabs) with the autumn-winter of 2021 (after mass vaccination), and analyzing the mortality burden by age groups and life stages in the years 2019 (pre-COVID-19), 2020 (before mass vaccination), and 2021 (after mass vaccination)...
February 21, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542461/a-workflow-for-meaningful-interpretation-of-classification-results-from-handheld-ambient-mass-spectrometry-analysis-probes
#19
REVIEW
Alexa Fiorante, Lan Anna Ye, Alessandra Tata, Taira Kiyota, Michael Woolman, Francis Talbot, Yasamine Farahmand, Darah Vlaminck, Lauren Katz, Andrea Massaro, Howard Ginsberg, Ahmed Aman, Arash Zarrine-Afsar
While untargeted analysis of biological tissues with ambient mass spectrometry analysis probes has been widely reported in the literature, there are currently no guidelines to standardize the workflows for the experimental design, creation, and validation of molecular models that are utilized in these methods to perform class predictions. By drawing parallels with hurdles that are faced in the field of food fraud detection with untargeted mass spectrometry, we provide a stepwise workflow for the creation, refinement, evaluation, and assessment of the robustness of molecular models, aimed at meaningful interpretation of mass spectrometry-based tissue classification results...
March 20, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38542409/assessing-the-potential-of-hpv16-e6-seroprevalence-as-a-biomarker-for-anal-dysplasia-and-cancer-screening-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#20
REVIEW
Sara Tous, Mariona Guillamet, Tim Waterboer, Laia Alemany, Sonia Paytubi
Elevated rates of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and anal cancer (AC) in populations like men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV underscore the need for effective screening. While high-resolution anoscopy-guided biopsy is the gold standard, limited provider availability poses a challenge. This has spurred interest in identifying biomarkers for improved AC prevention. Antibodies against HPV16 oncoprotein E6, known as markers for cervical and oropharyngeal cancers, are the focus of the current study...
March 19, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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