Esophagus stent

This case report describes a case of severe dysphagia lusoria secondary to an aberrant right subclavian artery causing compression of the esophagus. Our 62-year-old female patient presented with severe dysphagia and underwent right carotid-subclavian bypass with uncovered thoracic endovascular aortic repair and coil embolization of the aberrant right subclavian artery. This case is unique in that an uncovered dissection stent graft was used to avoid occluding the anatomic left subclavian artery and, therefore, avoid a left carotid-subclavian bypass...

Background: Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) is an alternative technique for patients with long-gap esophageal atresia (EA). It allows for preservation of the native esophagus. We aimed to systematically summarize the current literature on MCA in EA. Methods: Studies where neonates with EA were treated with MCA devices were included, while studies on esophageal stenosis were excluded. All clinical studies, including comparative studies, case series, and case reports, were eligible for inclusion. Methodological quality assessment was performed using a validated tool...

Treatment with antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has shown longer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) than with placebo in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who have previously received systemic therapy. Unfortunately, TKIs are associated with some rare adverse events such as tracheoesophageal fistula formation (TEF). The common risk factors for TEF formation include radiation therapy, prior instrumentation of the esophagus/airway, surgery, and esophagitis...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is an abnormal connection between the trachea and esophagus that severely impairs quality of life. Current treatment options have limitations, including conservative treatment, surgical repair, and esophageal stent implantation. Here, we introduced laponite (LP) nano-clay to improve chitosan-based hydrogels' rheological properties and mechanical properties and developed an endoscopically injectable nanocomposite shear-thinning hydrogel to seal and repair fistulas as an innovative material for the treatment of TEF...

Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is a devastating cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding that occurs because of pathologic communication of the esophagus with the aorta. Bleeding AEF has high mortality even with appropriate interventions. In this study, we present a case of a 52-year-old man who presented with hematemesis, which was found to be due to an actively bleeding AEF. Prompt identification of the fistula led to multiple endoscopic interventions that stabilized the patient and allowed him to undergo emergent endovascular aortic stent placement with successful bleeding control...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Malignant dysphagia is a common problem in patients with esophageal cancer. Endoscopic stenting can resolve dysphagia caused by malignant stricture; however, controversy exists regarding the use of esophageal stenting for the treatment of malignant stricture, including whether stenting or radiotherapy is superior, whether stenting before or after radiotherapy is safe, whether stenting before or after chemotherapy is safe, and whether low-radial-force stents are safer than conventional stents. Among treatment options for malignant dysphagia, stenting may have some disadvantages in terms of pain relief and the risk of adverse events compared with radiotherapy and in terms of survival compared with gastrostomy...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Due to the close anatomical relationship between the esophagus and the bronchial tree, lung cancer can cause malignant dysphagia. Patients with this complication may require palliation through esophageal and/or bronchial tree restoration. METHODS: Between the years 2008 and 2018, malignant dysphagia was diagnosed in 84 lung cancer patients. Their response to esophageal and/or bronchial tree stenting was studied retrospectively. Patients were stratified into three groups: esophageal compression without obstruction of the bronchi (Group I, n=64), esophageal compression and bronchial obstruction without fistulas (Group II, n=12), and dysphagia and esophagotracheal fistula (Group III, n=8)...

This study aimed to modify a laser Doppler flowmeter designed and assembled at our institute. After measuring sensitivity evaluation in ex vivo experiments, we confirmed the efficacy of this new device for monitoring real-time esophageal mucosal blood flow changes after thoracic stent graft implantation by simulating various clinical situations in an animal model. Thoracic stent graft implantation was performed in a swine model (n = 8). Esophageal mucosal blood flow decreased significantly from baseline (34...

Diseases affecting the esophagus are common. However, targeted drug delivery to the esophagus is challenging due to the anatomy and physiology of this organ. Current pharmacological treatment for esophageal diseases predominantly relies on the off-label use of drugs in various dosage forms, including those for systemic drug delivery (e.g. oral tablets, sublingual tablets, and injections) and topical drug delivery (e.g. metered dose inhaler, viscous solution or suspension, and endoscopic injection into the esophagus)...

INTRODUCTION:  Posterior tracheopexy (PT) directly addresses the posterior trachealis membrane intrusion in severe tracheomalacia. During PT, the esophagus is mobilized and membranous trachea is sutured to the prevertebral fascia. Although dysphagia has been reported as a possible complication of PT, in the literature there are no data investigating postoperative esophageal anatomy and digestive symptoms. Our aim was to study clinical and radiological consequences of PT on esophagus...

Proton Pump Inhibitors are used widely to manage many gastric acid-related conditions such as gastroesophageal disease, gastritis, esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, peptic ulcer disease, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-associated ulcers, and Helicobacter pylori eradication, around the globe. This review article focuses on adverse effects associated with the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors. Various observational studies, clinical trials, and meta-analyses have established the adverse effects associated with the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors including renal disorders (acute interstitial nephritis, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and end-stage renal disease), cardiovascular risks (major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, and stroke), fractures, infections ( Clostridium difficile infection, community-acquired pneumonia, and Coronavirus disease 2019), micronutrient deficiencies (hypomagnesemia, anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia), hypergastrinemia, cancers (gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatic cancer), hepatic encephalopathy, and dementia...

INTRODUCTION: Non-iatrogenic aerodigestive injuries are infrequent but potentially fatal. We hypothesize that advances in management and adoption of innovative therapies resulted in improved survival. METHODS: Trauma registry review at a university Level 1 center from 2000 to 2020 that identified adults with aerodigestive injuries requiring operative or endoluminal intervention. Demographics, injuries, operations, and outcomes were abstracted. Univariate analysis was performed, P < ...

INTRODUCTION: Aortoesophageal fistulas are a rare but life-threatening complication in patients with thoracic malignancies. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a case of a 55-year-old female patient with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to esophageal tumor compression, a fully-covered self-expanding metal stent (fcSEMS) had been deployed in the esophagus several months before. The patient was subsequently admitted to the emergency department with massive hematemesis...

An intragastric satiety-inducing device (ISD) located in the stomach induce satiety and fullness in the absence of food by continuously pressing on the distal esophagus and cardia of the stomach. To improve the therapeutic function of ISD, Chlorin e6 (Ce6) was embedded in a disk portion of ISD, generating reactive oxygen species and stimulating endocrine cells under the laser irradiation. Since Ce6 has remarkable light efficiency but poor solubility in various solvents, it is essential to use a polymeric photosensitizer and optimize a suitable coating solution composition...

UNLABELLED: The treatment of leaks in the upper gastrointestinal tract has been revolutionized by the advent of covered self-expanding metal stents (cSEMS), endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT), and recently, vacuum stent therapy (VST). In this retrospective study, we report the experiences with EVT and VST at our institution. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-two patients (15 male, 7 female) with leaks in the esophagus, at the esophago-gastric junction or anastomotic leaks underwent EVT by placing a sponge connected to a negative pressure pump into or near the leak...

A tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is a pathological connection between the trachea and esophagus, which can either occur congenitally or be acquired. An acquired TEF may occur secondary to malignancy, chemoradiotherapy, infection, or trauma. Hallmark symptoms typically associated with TEF include choking with food intake, productive cough, pneumonia, or failure to thrive. The management of TEF has predominantly involved surgical or endoscopic intervention such as esophageal or airway stenting, suturing, or ablation...

INTRODUCTION: Radiotherapy and esophageal stenting are usually employed to manage esophageal localization of distant cancer. However, they are also related to the occurrence of an increased risk of tracheoesophageal fistula. Tracheoesophageal fistula management in these patients involves dealing with poor general conditions and short-term prognosis. This paper presents the first case in literature of bronchoscopic fistula closure through an autologous fascia lata graft placement between two stents...