keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534118/hsp90-a-team-player-in-protein-quality-control-and-the-stress-response-in-bacteria
#21
REVIEW
Anushka C Wickramaratne, Sue Wickner, Andrea N Kravats
SUMMARYHeat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) participates in proteostasis by facilitating protein folding, activation, disaggregation, prevention of aggregation, degradation, and protection against degradation of various cellular proteins. It is highly conserved from bacteria to humans. In bacteria, protein remodeling by Hsp90 involves collaboration with the Hsp70 molecular chaperone and Hsp70 cochaperones. In eukaryotes, protein folding by Hsp90 is more complex and involves collaboration with many Hsp90 cochaperones as well as Hsp70 and Hsp70 cochaperones...
March 27, 2024: Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews: MMBR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533548/integrating-the-analysis-of-human-biopsies-using-post-translational-modifications-proteomics
#22
REVIEW
Sonali Bhardwaj, Mitchell Bulluss, Ana D'Aubeterre, Afshin Derakhshani, Regan Penner, MaryAnn Mahajan, Vinit B Mahajan, Antoine Dufour
Proteome diversities and their biological functions are significantly amplified by post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins. Shotgun proteomics, which does not typically survey PTMs, provides an incomplete picture of the complexity of human biopsies in health and disease. Recent advances in mass spectrometry-based proteomic techniques that enrich and study PTMs are helping to uncover molecular detail from the cellular level to system-wide functions, including how the microbiome impacts human diseases...
April 2024: Protein Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533303/advances-and-challenges-in-managing-hepatitis-d-virus-evolving-strategies
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harish Gopalakrishna, Maria Mironova, Harel Dahari, Christopher Koh, Theo Heller
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Hepatitis D Virus (HDV), although a small defective virus, poses a substantial public health challenge due to lack of awareness, underrecognized prevalence, and limited treatment options. Universal HDV screening within hepatitis B virus (HBV) cohorts is essential to address this issue. Despite its aggressive nature, effective HDV therapies have remained elusive for over four decades. RECENT FINDINGS: Advances in understanding HDV's biology and clinical behavior offer potential therapeutic breakthroughs, fostering optimism...
2024: Current Hepatology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533274/risankizumab-efficacy-in-synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-and-osteitis-sapho-remission-a-case-report-on-rheumatologic-and-dermatologic-disease-manifestations-with-literature-review
#24
Mario Ferraioli, Luigi Fiannacca, Elisabetta Greco, Eneida Cela, Mauro Fatica, Alberto Bergamini, Maria Sole Chimenti
SAPHO syndrome is a complex disease that encompasses both inflammatory arthritis and/or osteitis and dermatologic manifestations. It is considered a rare disease, in fact, no clinical trials have been conducted on its therapy and management. Therefore, therapeutic approach is based on small case studies. Here, we described the case of a 63-year-old woman affected by SAPHO syndrome, treated with the selective IL-23p19 antagonist, Risankizumab, after unsuccessful therapies with Methotrexate, Infliximab, Adalimumab, and an allergic reaction to Secukinumab...
2024: Case Reports in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532966/critical-perspective-on-infodemic-and-infodemic-management-in-previous-ebola-outbreaks-in-uganda
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sunday Jimmy Obol, Okechi Nzedibe
This research investigates the complex dynamics of Uganda's recent Ebola outbreaks, emphasizing the interplay between disease spread, misinformation, and existing societal vulnerabilities. Highlighting poverty as a core element, it delves into how socioeconomic factors exacerbate health crises. The study scrutinizes the role of political economy, medical pluralism, health systems, and informal networks in spreading misinformation, further complicating response efforts. Through a comprehensive analysis, this study aims to shed light on the multifaceted challenges faced in combating epidemics in resource-limited settings...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532578/biological-agent-exerts-therapeutic-effects-by-reversing-abnormalities-in-amino-acid-metabolic-pathways-in-psoriasis
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haijun Miao, Yaxing Bai, Shengxian Shen, Mengyang Chu, Chang Miao, Jundan Yang, Xia Li, Liang Li, Shuai Shao, Gang Wang, Erle Dang
Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis involving immune system dysregulation and inflammation. Previous studies have indicated that metabolic abnormalities are closely related to the development and occurrence of psoriasis. However, the specific involvement of amino acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of amino acid metabolism pathway changes in psoriasis patients using transcriptome data, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) data, and single-cell data...
March 2024: Experimental Dermatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532317/cosap-comparative-sequencing-analysis-platform
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehmet Arif Ergun, Omer Cinal, Berkant Bakışlı, Abdullah Asım Emül, Mehmet Baysan
BACKGROUND: Recent improvements in sequencing technologies enabled detailed profiling of genomic features. These technologies mostly rely on short reads which are merged and compared to reference genome for variant identification. These operations should be done with computers due to the size and complexity of the data. The need for analysis software resulted in many programs for mapping, variant calling and annotation steps. Currently, most programs are either expensive enterprise software with proprietary code which makes access and verification very difficult or open-access programs that are mostly based on command-line operations without user interfaces and extensive documentation...
March 26, 2024: BMC Bioinformatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532011/active-forgetting-and-neuropsychiatric-diseases
#28
REVIEW
Jacob A Berry, Dana C Guhle, Ronald L Davis
Recent and pioneering animal research has revealed the brain utilizes a variety of molecular, cellular, and network-level mechanisms used to forget memories in a process referred to as "active forgetting". Active forgetting increases behavioral flexibility and removes irrelevant information. Individuals with impaired active forgetting mechanisms can experience intrusive memories, distressing thoughts, and unwanted impulses that occur in neuropsychiatric diseases. The current evidence indicates that active forgetting mechanisms degrade, or mask, molecular and cellular memory traces created in synaptic connections of "engram cells" that are specific for a given memory...
March 26, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532010/serotonin-effects-on-human-ipsc-derived-neural-cell-functions-from-mitochondria-to-depression
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iseline Cardon, Sonja Grobecker, Frederike Jenne, Tatjana Jahner, Rainer Rupprecht, Vladimir M Milenkovic, Christian H Wetzel
Depression's link to serotonin dysregulation is well-known. The monoamine theory posits that depression results from impaired serotonin activity, leading to the development of antidepressants targeting serotonin levels. However, their limited efficacy suggests a more complex cause. Recent studies highlight mitochondria as key players in depression's pathophysiology. Mounting evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction significantly correlates with major depressive disorder (MDD), underscoring its pivotal role in depression...
March 26, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531947/flih-and-flii-help-flha-bring-strict-order-to-flagellar-protein-export-in-salmonella
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miki Kinoshita, Tohru Minamino, Takayuki Uchihashi, Keiichi Namba
The flagellar type III secretion system (fT3SS) switches substrate specificity from rod-hook-type to filament-type upon hook completion, terminating hook assembly and initiating filament assembly. The C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of FlhA (FlhAC ) forms a homo-nonameric ring and is directly involved in substrate recognition, allowing the fT3SS to coordinate flagellar protein export with assembly. The highly conserved GYXLI motif (residues 368-372) of FlhAC induces dynamic domain motions of FlhAC required for efficient and robust flagellar protein export by the fT3SS, but it remains unknown whether this motif is also important for ordered protein export by the fT3SS...
March 26, 2024: Communications Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531872/cell-fate-conversion-of-intestinal-cells-in-adult-drosophila-midgut-by-depleting-a-single-transcription-factor
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xingting Guo, Chenhui Wang, Yongchao Zhang, Ruxue Wei, Rongwen Xi
The manipulation of cell identity by reprograming holds immense potential in regenerative medicine, but is often limited by the inefficient acquisition of fully functional cells. This problem can potentially be resolved by better understanding the reprogramming process using in vivo genetic models, which are currently scarce. Here we report that both enterocytes (ECs) and enteroendocrine cells (EEs) in adult Drosophila midgut show a surprising degree of cell plasticity. Depleting the transcription factor Tramtrack in the differentiated ECs can initiate Prospero-mediated cell transdifferentiation, leading to EE-like cells...
March 26, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531828/first-principles-models-of-polymorphism-of-pharmaceuticals-maximizing-the-accuracy-to-cost-ratio
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jan Ludík, Veronika Kostková, Štefan Kocian, Petr Touš, Vojtěch Štejfa, Ctirad Červinka
Accuracy and sophistication of in silico models of structure, internal dynamics, and cohesion of molecular materials at finite temperatures increase over time. Applicability limits of ab initio polymorph ranking that would be feasible at reasonable costs currently represent crystals of moderately sized molecules (less than 20 nonhydrogen atoms) and simple unit cells (containing rather only one symmetry-irreducible molecule). Extending the applicability range of the underlying first-principles methods to larger systems with a real-life significance, and enabling to perform such computations in a high-throughput regime represent additional challenges to be tackled in computational chemistry...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531654/ac4c-a-fragile-modification-with-stabilizing-functions-in-rna-metabolism
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah Schiffers, Shalini Oberdoerffer
In recent years, concerted efforts to map and understand epitranscriptomic modifications in mRNA have unveiled new complexities in the regulation of gene expression. These studies cumulatively point to diverse functions in mRNA metabolism, spanning pre-mRNA processing, mRNA degradation, and translation. However, this emerging landscape is not without its intricacies and sources of discrepancies. Disparities in detection methodologies, divergent interpretations of functional outcomes, and the complex nature of biological systems across different cell types pose significant challenges...
March 26, 2024: RNA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531625/myeloperoxidase-inhibition-protects-bone-marrow-mononuclear-cells-from-dna-damage-induced-by-the-top2-poison-anti-cancer-drug-etoposide
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian G Cowell, Caroline A Austin
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is found almost exclusively in granulocytes and immature myeloid cells. It plays a key role in the innate immune system, catalysing the formation of reactive oxygen species that are important in anti-microbial action, but MPO also oxidatively transforms the topoisomerase II (TOP2) poison etoposide to chemical forms that have elevated DNA damaging properties. TOP2 poisons such as etoposide are widely used anti-cancer drugs, but they are linked to cases of secondary acute myeloid leukaemias through a mechanism that involves DNA damage and presumably erroneous repair leading to leukaemogenic chromosome translocations...
March 26, 2024: FEBS Open Bio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531412/analysis-of-collision-avoidance-in-honeybee-flight
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shreyansh Singh, Matthew Garratt, Mandyam Srinivasan, Sridhar Ravi
Insects are excellent at flying in dense vegetation and navigating through other complex spatial environments. This study investigates the strategies used by honeybees ( Apis mellifera ) to avoid collisions with an obstacle encountered frontally during flight. Bees were trained to fly through a tunnel that contained a solitary vertically oriented cylindrical obstacle placed along the midline. Flight trajectories of bees were recorded for six conditions in which the diameter of the obstructing cylinder was systematically varied from 25 mm to 160 mm...
March 2024: Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531367/a-fitness-landscape-instability-governs-the-morphological-diversity-of-tip-growing-cells
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maxim E Ohairwe, Branka D Živanović, Enrique R Rojas
Cellular morphology affects many aspects of cellular and organismal physiology. This makes it challenging to dissect the evolutionary basis for specific morphologies since various cellular functions may exert competing selective pressures on this trait, and the influence of these pressures will depend on the specific mechanisms of morphogenesis. In this light, we combined experiment and theory to investigate the complex basis for morphological diversity among tip-growing cells from across the tree of life. We discovered that an instability in the widespread mechanism of "inflationary" tip growth leads directly to a bifurcation in the common fitness landscape of tip-growing cells, which imposes a strict global constraint on their morphologies...
March 19, 2024: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531293/biomonitoring-for-workplace-exposure-to-copper-and-its-compounds-is-currently-not-interpretable
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruth Bevan, Len Levy
This paper sets out to explore the requirements needed to recommend a useable and reliable biomonitoring system for occupational exposure to copper and its inorganic compounds. Whilst workplace environmental monitoring of copper is used to measure ambient air concentrations for comparison against occupational exposure limits, biological monitoring could provide complementary information about the internal dose of workers, taking into account intra-individual variability and exposure from all routes. For biomonitoring to be of reliable use for copper, a biomarker and the analytical ability to measure it with sufficient sensitivity must be identified and this is discussed in a range of matrices...
March 25, 2024: International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531225/inhibition-of-kinetic-random-distribution-in-dna-seesaw-gates-and-biosensors-for-complete-leakage-prevention
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Qin, Feiyang Huang, Qi Tang, Jiangtian Li, Heao Zhang, Kuangdi Luo, Jiahui Zhou, Hongxun Wang, Limei Wang, Longjie Li, Xianjin Xiao
DNA nanomaterials have a wide application prospect in biomedical field, among which DNA computers and biosensors based on Seesaw-based DNA circuit is considered to have the most development potential. However, the serious leakage of Seesaw-based DNA circuit prevented its further development and application. Moreover, the existing methods to suppress leakage can't achieve the ideal effect. Interestingly, we found a new source of leakage in Seesaw-based DNA circuit, which we think is the main reason why the previous methods to suppress leakage are not satisfactory...
March 22, 2024: Biosensors & Bioelectronics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530898/utilizing-developmental-dynamics-for-evolutionary-prediction-and-control
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisandro Milocco, Tobias Uller
Understanding, predicting, and controlling the phenotypic consequences of genetic and environmental change is essential to many areas of fundamental and applied biology. In evolutionary biology, the generative process of development is a major source of organismal evolvability that constrains or facilitates adaptive change by shaping the distribution of phenotypic variation that selection can act upon. While the complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors during development may appear to make it impossible to infer the consequences of perturbations, the persistent observation that many perturbations result in similar phenotypes indicates that there is a logic to what variation is generated...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530869/toward-post-hartree-fock-accuracy-for-protein-ligand-affinities-using-the-molecules-in-molecules-fragmentation-based-method
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ankur K Gupta, Sarah Maier, Bishnu Thapa, Krishnan Raghavachari
The complexity and size of large molecular systems, such as protein-ligand complexes, pose computational challenges for accurate post-Hartree-Fock calculations. This study delivers a thorough benchmarking of the Molecules-in-Molecules (MIM) method, presenting a clear and accessible strategy for layer/theory selections in post-Hartree-Fock computations on substantial molecular systems, notably protein-ligand complexes. An approach is articulated, enabling augmented computational efficiency by strategically canceling out common subsystem energy terms between complexes and proteins within the supermolecular equation...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
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