Indeterminate cell tumor

IMPORTANCE: The utility of preoperative circulating tumor tissue-modified viral human papillomavirus DNA (TTMV-HPV DNA) levels in predicting human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV+ OPSCC) disease burden is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine if preoperative circulating tumor HPV DNA (ctHPVDNA) is associated with disease burden in patients with HPV+ OPSCC who have undergone transoral robotic surgery (TORS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study comprised patients with HPV+ OPSCC who underwent primary TORS between September 2021 and April 2023 at one tertiary academic institution...

Clonal expansion refers to the proliferation and selection of advantageous "clones" that are better suited for survival in a Darwinian manner. In recent years, we have greatly enhanced our understanding of cell clonality in the cardiovascular context. However, our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms behind this clonal selection is still severely limited. There is a transpiring pattern of clonal expansion of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells-and, in some cases, macrophages-in numerous cardiovascular diseases irrespective of their differing microenvironments...

Diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is made by cytological examination of pleural fluid or histological examination of pleural tissue from biopsy. Unfortunately, detection of malignancy using cytology has an overall sensitivity of 50%, and is dependent upon tumor load, volume of fluid assessed, and cytopathologist experience. The diagnostic yield of pleural fluid cytology is also compromised by low abundance of tumor cells or when morphology is obscured by inflammation or reactive mesothelial cells...

Chagas disease (CD), caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi , is a neglected disease affecting around 6 million people. About 30% of CD patients develop chronic Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (CCC), an inflammatory cardiomyopathy that occurs decades after the initial infection, while most infected patients (60%) remain asymptomatic in the so-called indeterminate form (IF). Death results from heart failure or arrhythmia in a subset of CCC patients. Myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved in the arrhythmia substrate and triggering events...

This study's objective was to compare detection rates of radiograph, computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography-contrast-enhanced computed tomography (PET-CECT) for pulmonary metastasis/synchronous primary lung tumors in head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) and its association with clinico-radio-pathological factors. Our retrospective study included 837 HNSCC patients from January 2012 to December 2017. Lung nodules were characterized on CT as benign, indeterminate, and metastatic. The true detection rate and statistical significance of associated risk factors were calculated...

Lung cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy worldwide and the primary cause of mortality. The absence of systematic and standardized diagnostic approaches for identifying potential pulmonary nodules, early-stage cancers, and indeterminate tumors has led clinicians to consider tissue biopsy and pathological sections as the preferred method for clinical diagnosis, often regarded as the gold standard. The conventional tissue biopsy is an invasive procedure that does not adequately capture the diverse characteristics and evolving nature of tumors...

Soft tissue sarcomas harboring EWSR1::PATZ1 are a recently recognized entity with variable morphology and a heterogeneous immunohistochemical profile. We studied 17 such tumors. The tumors occurred in 12 men and 5 women (median age, 50 years; range, 15-71 years), involved the thoracoabdominal soft tissues (14 cases; 82%), lower extremities (2 cases; 12%), and tongue (1 case; 6%), and ranged from 0.7 to 11.3 cm (median, 4.7 cm). All but 1 patient received complete surgical resection; 7 were also treated with neoadjuvant chemo/radiotherapy...

BACKGROUND: In the setting of localized colon cancer (CC), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring in plasma has shown potential for detecting minimal residual disease (MRD) and predicting a higher risk of recurrence. With the tumor-only sequencing approach, however, germline variants may be misidentified as somatic variations, precluding the possibility of tracking in up to 11% of patients due to a lack of known somatic mutations. In this study, we assess the potential value of adding white blood cells (WBCs) to tumor tissue sequencing to enhance the accuracy of sequencing results...

Circular RNAs (circRNA) are known to function as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) in various cancers by regulating microRNAs (miRNA). However, in colorectal cancer (CRC), the precise pathological role of circ000240/miRNA/mRNA remains indeterminate. The expression level of hsa_circ_000240 was evaluated using qRT-PCR in matching pairs of CRC tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples in our laboratory. Then, to determine whether hsa_circ_000240 acted as a ceRNA in CRC, the linked miRNAs and gene targets were retrieved...

Indeterminate dendritic cell tumor (IDCT) is an extremely uncommon histiocytic and dendritic neoplasms subtype that presents as single or multiple papules. There is currently no standard method for diagnosis and treatment, and the selection of therapeutic approaches is mainly based on successful examples of folk medicine. We describe a case of a pathology diagnosed indeterminate dendritic cell tumor, which shows the presence of CD1a, S100, and CD68, but lack langerin. She was treated with multi-chemotherapy regimens used to treat lymphoma and gained good results short term but was easy to recur...

BACKGROUND: Serum tumor markers (STM) may complement imaging and provide additional clinical information for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). OBJECTIVE: To determine whether STMs can predict outcomes in patients with stable disease (SD) after initial treatment. METHODS: This single-center, prospective, observational trial enrolled 395 patients with stage III/IV treatment-naïve NSCLC; of which 263 patients were included in this analysis...

INTRODUCTION: In fine-needle aspiration of the breast (FNAB), the "atypical" category encompasses both benign and malignant lesions, particularly papillary proliferative lesions, as per the latest WHO classification. We aimed to reduce atypical cases and improve diagnostic accuracy by investigating the utility of cell block (CB) analysis. METHODS: FNAB CB samples (2018-2022) were reviewed using smear only or CBs. CB-based diagnosis was performed with 2D morphological analysis and immunocytochemistry using ER, CK5/6, p63, SMA, and CD56...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Liquid biopsy using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is increasingly used to identify somatic prostate cancer (PrCa) alterations when tissue biopsy of a metastatic lesion is infeasible or impractical. High-risk somatic alterations identified by cfDNA have been recently shown to predict the benefit of metastasis-directed therapy with stereotactic body radiation therapy in PrCa. However, given the older age of PrCa patients, liquid biopsy is often contaminated with alterations related to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), generating uncertainty in the clinical utility of the results...

BACKGROUND: Predominantly macrofollicular architecture in invasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (IEFVPTC-MF) is rare and often a cause of misinterpretation during pre-operative work-up and histopathology evaluation. We comprehensively evaluated the radiological, cytological, gross, microscopic, molecular and follow-up characteristics of four such cases, intending to increase its recognition and add our experience to the limited literature available. METHODS: All such histopathologically-proven cases of IEFVPTC-MF were retrieved from the departmental archives...

Multi-cellular biomimetic models often comprise heterogenic geometries. Therefore, quantification of their mechanical properties-which is crucial for various biomedical applications-is a challenge. Due to its simplicity, linear fitting is traditionally used in analyzing force-displacement data of parallel compression measurements of multi-cellular clusters, such as tumor spheroids. However, the linear assumption would be artificial when the contact geometry is not planar. We propose here the integrated elasticity (IE) regression, which is based on extrapolation of established elastic theories for well-defined geometries, and is free, extremely simple to apply, and optimal for analyzing coarsely concave multi-cellular clusters...

BACKGROUND: Basaloid salivary gland neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (B-SUMP) is an indeterminate diagnostic subcategory, with pleomorphic adenoma (PA) representing the most common benign neoplasm. Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) staining is frequently seen in PAs and could aid in distinguishing them from other basaloid neoplasms. The authors evaluated the utility of PLAG1 immunocytochemistry (ICC) in differentiating PAs from other basaloid neoplasms in smears and liquid-based cytology (LBC) specimens...

We report the case of a 65-year-old female who presented with a 6-month history of epigastric pain and dyspepsia. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis showed an enhancing nodular lesion and an indeterminate 4 mm lymph node on the lesser curvature of the stomach raising concerns for gastric malignancy. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a 10 cm malignant appearing lesion along the gastric lesser curvature. Histopathology demonstrated spindled and small round blue cell tumor with immunohistochemistry staining consistent with Ewing-like sarcoma...

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) poses diagnostic challenge in fine needle aspiration cytopathology (FNAC). We aimed first to document our FNAC Bethesda categories (BCs) for all of our NIFTPs and compare our findings with those in the literature with series containing at least 14 cases each. METHODS: Cases with final histopathological diagnoses of NIFTP and their preoperative FNAC were retrieved from 2006 to 2022 and our cytopathological BCs were documented...

Recent statistics on lung cancer, including the steady decline of advanced diseases and the dramatically increasing detection of early-stage diseases and indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPN), mark the significance of a comprehensive understanding of early lung carcinogenesis. Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) is the most common histologic subtype of lung cancer, and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) is the only recognized preneoplasia to ADC, which may progress to adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), and eventually to invasive ADC...

OBJECTIVE: We investigated if PD-L1 expression can be predicted by machine learning using clinical and imaging features. METHODS: We included 117 patients with c-stage I/II non-small cell lung cancer who underwent radical resection. A total of 3951 radiomic features were extracted by defining the tumor (within tumor contour), rim (contour ±3 mm) and exterior (contour +10 mm) on preoperative contrast computed tomography. After feature selection by Boruta algorithm, prediction models of tumor PD-L1 expression (22C3: ≥1%, <1%) of resected specimens were constructed using Random Forest: radiomics, clinical, and combined models...