Use the keywords feature with a free QxMD account.
Use Read by QxMD to access full text via your institution or open access sources.
Read also provides personalized recommendations to keep you up to date in your field.
Existing User
Sign InNew to Read
Sign Up#21
REVIEW
Kevin Meesters, Danilo Buonsenso
Antibiotic overprescribing is prevalent in pediatric emergency medicine, influenced by clinician-caregiver dynamics and diagnostic uncertainties, and poses substantial risks such as increasing antibacterial resistance, adverse drug reactions, and increased healthcare expenditures. While antimicrobial stewardship programs have proven effective in optimizing antibiotic use within inpatient healthcare settings, their implementation in pediatric emergency medicine presents specific challenges. Existing biomarkers like white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and presepsin have limitations in their ability to distinguish (serious) bacterial infections from other etiologies of fever...
February 23, 2024: Children
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Idan Hefetz, Rita Bardenstein, Shahar Rotem, Galia Zaide, Gal Bilinsky, Ohad Shifman, Oren Zimhony, Ronit Aloni-Grinstein
Bloodstream infections (BSI) are defined by the presence of viable bacteria or fungi, accompanied by systemic signs of infection. Choosing empirical therapy based solely on patient risk factors and prior antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) may lead to either ineffective treatment or unnecessarily broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure. In general, Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute guideline-approved ASTs have a turnaround time of 48-72 h from sample to answer, a period that may result in a critical delay in the appropriate selection of therapy...
February 29, 2024: Antibiotics
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Javier Blanco-Blanco, María Bravo, Irene Simón, Pedro Fernández-Llario, Miguel Fajardo-Olivares, María Coronada Fernández-Calderón, Rosario Cerrato
Antimicrobial resistance is a critical challenge due to the overuse of conventional antimicrobials, and alternative solutions are urgently needed. This study investigates the efficacy of compounds derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation combined with antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens isolated from clinical cases in a hospital setting. Strains of Escherichia coli , Klebsiella pneumoniae , and Enterococcus faecium and faecalis were isolated and selected from blood, respiratory, and urine samples...
February 20, 2024: Antibiotics
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meenal Datta, Laura E Via, Véronique Dartois, Danielle M Weiner, Matthew Zimmerman, Firat Kaya, April M Walker, Joel D Fleegle, Isaac D Raplee, Colton McNinch, Maksym Zarodniuk, Walid S Kamoun, Changli Yue, Ashwin S Kumar, Sonu Subudhi, Lei Xu, Clifton E Barry, Rakesh K Jain
Host-directed therapies (HDTs) represent an emerging approach for bacterial clearance during tuberculosis (TB) infection. While most HDTs are designed and implemented for immuno-modulation, other host targets-such as nonimmune stromal components found in pulmonary granulomas-may prove equally viable. Building on our previous work characterizing and normalizing the aberrant granuloma-associated vasculature, here we demonstrate that FDA-approved therapies (bevacizumab and losartan, respectively) can be repurposed as HDTs to normalize blood vessels and extracellular matrix (ECM), improve drug delivery, and reduce bacterial loads in TB granulomas...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#25
Rizwan Ullah, Aftab Ahmad, Yoalkris E Salcedo, Amir Hassan, Anuva Khanal, Aayush Chaulagain
This study presents a unique case of concurrent salmonella and Leptospira meningitis in a 20-year-old woman with no prior medical history. Coinfection with endemic pathogens is plausible, especially in regions like Pakistan. While Salmonella meningitis is uncommon, it presents a significant medical emergency, particularly in immunocompromised adults. Neuroleptospirosis, though rare, can manifest in certain cases. The patient displayed persistent high fever, confusion, irritability, and a single seizure episode...
February 2024: Curēus
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Owusu, Eric Adu, Lotenna Elsie Kalu, Eugene Martey, Godfred Acheampong, Anthony Enimil, John Adabie Appiah, Augustina Badu-Peprah, Justice Sylverken, Augustina Angelina Sylverken, Samuel Blay Nguah, Emilie Westeel, Stephane Pouzol, Christian Drosten, Yaw Adu-Sarkodie
Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in children, however, the microbial aetiology of pneumonia is not well elucidated in low- and middle-income countries. Our study was aimed at determining the microbial aetiologies of childhood pneumonia and associated risk factors in HIV and non-HIV infected children. We conducted a case-control study that enrolled children with pneumonia as cases and non-pneumonia as controls from July 2017 to May 2020. Induced sputum and blood samples were investigated for microbial organisms using standard microbiological techniques...
2024: PloS One
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian M Capobianco, Sarah N Bosch, Nicole I Stacy, James F X Wellehan
Lactococcus garvieae is the causative agent of lactococcosis in fish and an emerging zoonotic pathogen with high levels of antimicrobial resistance. We report a case of L. garvieae- associated septicemia in a central bearded dragon ( Pogona vitticeps ) confirmed via whole-blood PCR and direct sequencing. Following a 30-d course of ceftazidime (20 mg/kg IM q72h), the animal's clinical condition had not resolved; leukopenia persisted, with heterophil toxic change. Coelomic ultrasound findings were consistent with preovulatory follicular stasis, folliculitis, and coelomitis...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroyuki Kitano, Hiroki Kitagawa, Kayoko Tadera, Kohei Saito, Yuki Kohada, Kenshiro Takemoto, Kohei Kobatake, Yohei Sekino, Keisuke Hieda, Hiroki Ohge, Nobuyuki Hinata
BACKGROUND: Vagococcal infections are extremely rare in humans. There are limited studies on the optimal methods for identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and clinical manifestations of vagococcal infections. Herein, we report a patient with a urinary tract infection who had Vagococcus fluvialis in the urine. CASE PRESENTATION: An 84-year-old man presented to our urology department with a fever that had persisted for several days. He previously worked as a zoo clerk...
March 21, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luregn J Schlapbach, Devika Ganesamoorthy, Clare Wilson, Sainath Raman, Shane George, Peter J Snelling, Natalie Phillips, Adam Irwin, Natalie Sharp, Renate Le Marsney, Arjun Chavan, Allison Hempenstall, Seweryn Bialasiewicz, Anna D MacDonald, Keith Grimwood, Jessica C Cling, Stephen J McPherson, Antje Blumenthal, Myrsini Kaforou, Michael Levin, Jethro A Herberg, Kristen S Gibbons, Lachlan J M Coin
BACKGROUND: Sepsis is defined as dysregulated host response to infection that leads to life-threatening organ dysfunction. Biomarkers characterising the dysregulated host response in sepsis are lacking. We aimed to develop host gene expression signatures to predict organ dysfunction in children with bacterial or viral infection. METHODS: This cohort study was done in emergency departments and intensive care units of four hospitals in Queensland, Australia, and recruited children aged 1 month to 17 years who, upon admission, underwent a diagnostic test, including blood cultures, for suspected sepsis...
March 18, 2024: Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander E Johnson, Aditi Upadhye, Veronicah Knight, Erik L Gaskin, Lindsey B Turnbull, David Ayuku, Mark Nyalumbe, Emily Abuonji, Chandy C John, Megan S McHenry, Tuan M Tran, George Ayodo
BACKGROUND: Subclinical inflammation and cognitive deficits have been separately associated with asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections in schoolchildren. However, whether parasite-induced inflammation is associated with worse cognition has not been addressed. We conducted a cross-sectional pilot study to better assess the effect of asymptomatic P. falciparum parasitemia and inflammation on cognition in Kenyan schoolchildren. METHODS: We enrolled 240 children aged 7-14 years residing in high malaria transmission in Western Kenya...
March 21, 2024: Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joerg Hoffmann, Anne Rheude, Andreas Neubauer, Cornelia Brendel, Michael C Thrun
INTRODUCTION: Inflammatory conditions in patients have various causes and require different treatments. Bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics, while these medications are ineffective against viral infections. Autoimmune diseases and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, require immunosuppressive therapies such as glucocorticoids, which may be contraindicated in other inflammatory states. In this study, we employ a combination of straightforward blood tests to devise an explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) for distinguishing between bacterial infections, viral infections, and autoimmune diseases/graft-versus-host disease...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nisha Kumari Jha, Venkadesaperumal Gopu, Chandran Sivasankar, Satya Ranjan Singh, Palanisamy Bruntha Devi, Ayaluru Murali, Prathapkumar Halady Shetty
Introduction. Acinetobacter baumannii is a nosocomial pathogen with a high potential to cause food-borne infections. It is designated as a critical pathogen by the World Health Organization due to its multi-drug resistance and mortalities reported. Biofilm governs major virulence factors, which promotes drug resistance in A. baumannii . Thus, a compound with minimum selection pressure on the pathogen can be helpful to breach biofilm-related virulence. Hypothesis/Gap Statement. To identify anti-biofilm and anti-virulent metabolites from extracts of wild Mangifera indica (mango) brine pickle bacteria that diminishes pathogenesis and resistance of A...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Microbiology
#33
Kun Li, Dongsheng Han, Ahmad Alhaskawi, Tingting Liu, Xiaojuan Wang, Wu Yang, Hui Lu, Xueling Fang
BACKGROUND: Chromobacterium violaceum (C. violaceum ) is a Gram-negative bacterium capable of causing severe infections in both humans and specific animals. Despite its infrequency, C. violaceum infections exhibit a notably high mortality rate. The timely and precise detection of this pathogen stands as a critical factor in achieving effective diagnosis and treatment. Traditional diagnostic approaches possess limitations, particularly in terms of their time-consuming nature and the range of pathogens they can identify...
2024: Infection and Drug Resistance
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinwen Wang, Yu Song, Siqin Liu, Xudong Jang, Lina Zhang
BACKGROUND: Ralstonia pickettii is a low virulent, gram-negative bacillus that is rarely associated with human infections and may cause bacteremia. Microbacterium species are gram-positive coryneforms that are generally considered as a contaminant in Gram staining of blood cultures, especially when the time to positivity is longer than 48 h. Both these bacterial species are emerging opportunistic pathogens that may occasionally cause serious infections and even life-threatening health conditions...
March 18, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Sturm, Grzegorz Jóźwiak, Marta Pla Verge, Laura Munch, Gino Cathomen, Anthony Vocat, Amanda Luraschi-Eggemann, Clara Orlando, Katja Fromm, Eric Delarze, Michał Świątkowski, Grzegorz Wielgoszewski, Roxana M Totu, María García-Castillo, Alexandre Delfino, Florian Tagini, Sandor Kasas, Cornelia Lass-Flörl, Ronald Gstir, Rafael Cantón, Gilbert Greub, Danuta Cichocka
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health threat, reducing treatment options for infected patients. AMR is promoted by a lack of access to rapid antibiotic susceptibility tests (ASTs). Accelerated ASTs can identify effective antibiotics for treatment in a timely and informed manner. We describe a rapid growth-independent phenotypic AST that uses a nanomotion technology platform to measure bacterial vibrations. Machine learning techniques are applied to analyze a large dataset encompassing 2762 individual nanomotion recordings from 1180 spiked positive blood culture samples covering 364 Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates exposed to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones...
March 18, 2024: Nature Communications
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Norman-Bruce, Etimbuk Umana, Clare Mills, Hannah Mitchell, Lisa McFetridge, David McCleary, Thomas Waterfield
BACKGROUND: Febrile infants presenting in the first 90 days of life are at higher risk of invasive and serious bacterial infections than older children. Modern clinical practice guidelines, mostly using procalcitonin as a diagnostic biomarker, can identify infants who are at low risk and therefore suitable for tailored management. C-reactive protein, by comparison, is widely available, but whether C-reactive protein and procalcitonin have similar diagnostic accuracy is unclear. We aimed to compare the test accuracy of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in the prediction of invasive or serious bacterial infections in febrile infants...
March 15, 2024: Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Flavia Reyer, Martyna Olesiuk, Florian Röttgerding, Volker Fingerle, Abdulrahman Adamu, Dan Waithiru, John Njeru, Peter Kraiczy
BACKGROUND: Tick- and louse-borne relapsing fever are highly-neglected, vector-borne diseases caused by diverse Borrelia species. Presently, there are no data available on the endemicity of tick- and louse-borne relapsing fever spirochetes in Kenya. Here, we present data of a retrospective study on the seroprevalence of louse borne relapsing fever (LBRF) in northern Kenya. METHODS: A novel immunoassay, recently established for the diagnosis of LBRF was utilized to screen 2005 blood samples collected from individuals with fever without a source in Turkana County, Kenya between 2009 and 2010 for anti-LBRF antibodies...
March 13, 2024: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raj Kumar Shrestha, Dhruba Shrestha, Ashok Kumar Sah, Ashmita Thapa, Nipun Shrestha, Ganendra Bhakta Raya, Kenshi Furushima, Bhim Gopal Dhoubhadel, Christopher M Parry
OBJECTIVES: Data on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among children in Nepal are limited. Here we have characterized the causes of bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs), antimicrobial resistance patterns and the mechanisms of β-lactamase production in Enterobacterales among children attending outpatient and inpatient departments of a secondary care paediatric hospital in Nepal. METHODS: We retrospectively collected demographic and clinical data of culture-proven bacterial BSIs between January 2017 and December 2022 among children <18 years attending a 50-bedded paediatric hospital...
April 2024: JAC-antimicrobial resistance
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Verena Zerbato, Stefano Di Bella, Riccardo Pol, Roberto Luzzati, Gianfranco Sanson, Simone Ambretti, Stefano Andreoni, Richard Aschbacher, Mariano Bernardo, Alessandra Bielli, Gioconda Brigante, Marina Busetti, Giulio Camarlinghi, Davide Carcione, Antonella Carducci, Nicola Clementi, Edoardo Carretto, Chiara Chilleri, Giulia Codda, Alessandra Consonni, Venera Costantino, Venere Cortazzo, Manuela Di Santolo, Saveria Dodaro, Barbara Fiori, Aurora García-Fernández, Claudio Foschi, Elisa Gobbato, Francesca Greco, Roberto Marcello La Ragione, Nicasio Mancini, Alberto Enrico Maraolo, Anna Marchese, Daniela Marcuccio, Roberta Marrollo, Carola Mauri, Annarita Mazzariol, Gianluca Morroni, Adriana Mosca, Giacomo Nigrisoli, Elisabetta Pagani, Eva Maria Parisio, Simona Pollini, Mario Sarti, Annarita Sorrentino, Domenico Trotta, Laura Villa, Chiara Vismara, Luigi Principe
PURPOSE: Campylobacter is a frequent cause of enteric infections with common antimicrobial resistance issues. The most recent reports of campylobacteriosis in Italy include data from 2013 to 2016. We aimed to provide national epidemiological and microbiological data on human Campylobacter infections in Italy during the period 2017-2021. METHODS: Data was collected from 19 Hospitals in 13 Italian Regions. Bacterial identification was performed by mass spectrometry...
March 12, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sara Awwad, Mohammed Al-Hamdani, Atiyeh M Abdallah, Marawan Abu-Madi
BACKGROUND: Little is known about how the COVID-19 pandemic altered laboratory testing efficiency in the State of Qatar. The aim of this study was to assess laboratory testing efficiency with respect to the total number and proportion of C-reactive protein (CRP), complete blood count (CBC), and comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) tests completed on time in 2019-2021 in several ordinary and COVID-converted Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) health centers across Qatar. METHODS: Secondary data from 2019 to 2021 were accessed from the PHCC-Clinical Information System center...
March 5, 2024: Journal of Infection and Public Health
Make the most of Read.
Download the mobile app.
Download the mobile app.
Fetching more papers... 
