Sulphur hexafluoride

BACKGROUND: Full-thickness macular holes, defined as full-thickness defects of the fovea, lead to central scotoma and deterioration of vision. Apart from peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM), ILM flap techniques have been reported to have potential in improving results in macular hole surgery. In addition, foveal-sparing ILM peeling gives a high macular hole closure rate and improvement in postoperative visual acuity. The aim of this study was to examine outcomes in a cohort of patients with full-thickness macular holes that underwent vitrectomy with foveal-sparing ILM peeling and transposition of an ILM flap over the macular hole...

Background and Objectives : This review paper highlights the key alternatives to the blue dye/radioisotope method of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). It analyses the research available on these alternative methods and their outcomes compared to the traditional techniques. Materials and Methods : This review focused on fifteen articles, of which five used indocyanine green (ICG) as a tracer, four used magnetic tracers, one used one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) and Metasin (quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction), one used the photosensitiser talaporfin sodium, one used sulphur hexafluoride gas microbubbles, one used CT-guided lymphography and two focused on general SLNB technique reviews...

We present an optical sensor based on light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy for the detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) in sulfur hexafluoride (SF6 ). The sensor incorporates a compact multi-pass cell measuring 6 cm × 4 cm × 4 cm and utilizes a quartz tuning fork (QTF) photodetector. A 1.58 µm near-infrared distributed feedback (DFB) laser with an optical power of 30 mW serves as the excitation source. The sensor achieved a minimum detection limit (MDL) of ∼300 ppb at an integration time of 300 ms, corresponding to a normalized noise equivalent absorption coefficient (NNEA) of 3...

Exploring a new generation of eco-friendly gas insulation medium to replace greenhouse gas sulphur hexafluoride (SF6 ) in power industry is significant for reducing the greenhouse effect and building a low-carbon environment. The gas-solid compatibility of insulation gas with various electrical equipment is also of significance before practical applications. Herein, take a promising SF6 replacing gas trifluoromethyl sulfonyl fluoride (CF3 SO2 F) for example, one strategy to theoretically evaluate the gas-solid compatibility between insulation gas and the typical solid surfaces of common equipment was raised...

Livestock grazing plays a significant role in maintaining grasslands and promoting animal production globally. To understand the livestock performance in sown pasture (SP) vs native pasture (NP) is important to ensure more effective grassland-livestock interactions with minimal environmental impact. A 2 (treatment) * 2 (period) Latin Square design experiment was conducted with 10 growing Hu sheep ♂ × thin-tailed Han sheep ♀ rams grazed perennially SP vs NP in an inland arid region of China...

INTRODUCTION: We report a case and discuss the clinical characteristics and treatment of spontaneous Descemet membrane detachment (DMD). CASE DESCRIPTION: We describe a rare case of spontaneous DMD in a patient with prior anterior uveitis and provide a review of the current literature. A 20-year-old woman with a prior history of anterior uveitis presented with vision loss in the left eye. The slit-lamp examination showed corneal edema secondary to DMD, confirmed by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT)...

Introduction Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is characterized by increased ventilation inhomogeneity (VI), as measured by multiple breath washout (MBW). Lung clearance index (LCI) is the most reported VI outcome. This study aimed to evaluate historically published reference equations for sulphur hexafluoride (SF6 ) MBW outcomes, to data collected using updated commercial SF6 MBW equipment and to produce device specific equations if necessary. Method SF6 MBW was performed in 327 healthy children aged 0.1-18...

SARS-CoV-2 has been recognized to be airborne transmissible. With the large number of reported positive cases in the community, home quarantine is recommended for the infectors who are not severely ill. However, the risks of household aerosol transmission associated with the quarantine room operating methods are under-explored. We used tracer gas technique to simulate the exhaled virus laden aerosols from a patient under home quarantine situation inside a residential testbed. The Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6 ) concentration was measured both inside and outside the quarantine room under different operating settings including, air-conditioning and natural ventilation, presence of an exhaust fan, and the air movement generated by ceiling or pedestal fan...

AIM: To report the outcomes of the "inverse drainage Nd:YAG laser membranotomy" technique for the management of pre-macular hemorrhage (PMH), which has its inferior margin near the fovea. METHODS: This retrospective study included eyes with PMH, with its inferior margin located within 0.5 disc-diameter (DD) of the fovea. Laser membranotomy was performed near the superior margin of PMH followed by intravitreal injection of 0.3 mL undiluted sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) gas...

PURPOSE: To describe a novel surgical technique to unfold congenital falciform folds. METHOD: A retrospective, interventional case series was performed where a novel technique was applied to treat 5 cases of congenital falciform folds. 25 gauge vitrectomy was performed along with the removal of all vitreous adhesions. ILM was peeled from the macula and around the macular fold area. Tano diamond-dusted membrane scraper was used to stretch the folded retina mechanically...

AIM: To examine to what extent the high frame rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound (HiFR) diagnostic enables the conclusive diagnosis of liver changes with suspected malignancy. MATERIAL/METHODS: Ultrasound examinations were performed by an experienced examiner using a multifrequency probe (SC6-1) on a high-end ultrasound system (Resona 7, Mindray) to clarify liver changes that were unclear on the B-scan. A bolus of 1-2.4 ml of the Sulphur hexafluoride ultrasound microbubbles contrast agent SonoVue™ (Bracco SpA, Italy) was administered with DICOM storage of CEUS examinations from the early arterial phase (5-15 s) to the late phase (5-6 min)...

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of single intravitreal injection of an expansile concentration of sulphur hexafluoride gas (SF6) in treating patients with symptomatic focal vitreomacular traction (VMT) documented by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) preoperatively. METHODS: This is a prospective interventional case series including 30 eyes of 29 patients with symptomatic focal VMT evident on SD-OCT. Pre-operatively, mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/125 (range 20/400-20/40)...

Helium clusters around the recently experimentally observed sulphur hexafluoride SF6 + and sulphur pentafluoride SF5 + ions are investigated using a combined experimental and theoretical effort. Mass spectrometry ion yields are obtained and the energetics and structure of the corresponding He N -SF6 + and He N -SF5 + clusters are analyzed using path integral molecular dynamics calculations as a function of N , the number of He atoms, employing a new intermolecular potential describing the interaction between the dopant and the surrounding helium...

AIM: To evaluate the additive clinical value of endoluminal contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) after interventional placement of drainages in abdominal fluid collections. MATERIAL/METHOD: Examination of 30 patients using a 1-6 MHz convex probe (Resona 7, Mindray) to locate the fluid collection in B-Mode. Additionally, dynamic endoluminal CEUS with 1 ml sulphur-hexafluoride microbubbles was performed to measure the extent of the percutaneously drained abscesses...

PURPOSE: Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with instability is most common lumbar degenerative diseases for people with low back pain. The objective of this study was to compared the clinical effects for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with degenerative instability between the innovative percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (PE-TLIF) technique and posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) technique. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between April 2019 and April 2020, 114 patients with single-segment LSS were prospectively included in our study (ChiCTR1900022492)...

It is a challenge to retrieve atmospheric sulphur hexafluoride (SF6 ) with high resolution solar spectra because it has only one single retrieval micro window and has interfered with many factors in the retrieval. Optical misalignment is one of the key factors that affect the accuracy of SF6 retrieval. In this study, we first present a long term time series of the SF6 total column over Hefei, China, between January 2017 and December 2020, retrieved by mid-infrared (MIR) solar spectra recorded by ground-based high-resolution Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)...

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on renal perfusion using Doppler ultrasonography in a porcine model of septic shock induced by smoking inhalation and live methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus instillation. A total of 32 healthy Landrace pigs were randomly assigned into the following four groups: Sham group (SH; n=5), septic shock group (SS; n=9), septic shock treated with vancomycin (15 mg/kg) group (VAN; n=9) and septic shock treated with UTI (50,000 U/kg) + vancomycin (UTI; n=9) group...

PURPOSE: Macular neovascularization (MNV) can complicate age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and lead to severe visual acuity reduction. Massive submacular haemorrhage (SMH) is a sight-threatening complication of MNV and a challenge in the management of complications related to MNV in AMD since the effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment alone are insufficient. Here, we evaluate the different postoperative outcomes of patients affected by MNV complicated by SMH that underwent subretinal implant of human amniotic membrane (hAM) or subretinal injection of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)...

Purpose: To analyse the efficacy of subretinal injection of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and gas tamponade for the displacement of submacular haemorrhage (SMH). Methods: This single-centre, retrospective, case series included 25 consecutive patients (25 eyes) who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with subretinal rtPA injection and 20% sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) tamponade. The primary outcome was SMH displacement rate, defined as the absence of subretinal blood within (complete) or outside (partial) 1500 μm centred on the fovea one month after PPV...

BACKGROUND: During contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), the features of the regions of interest (ROI) can affect the value of the perfusion-related parameters obtained from a time intensity curve (TIC). In veterinary medicine, conflicting have been reported on the influence of ROI size and location on renal CEUS. There are some disagreeing evidences regarding the optimal method for selecting ROI in quantitative analysis of renal perfusion using CEUS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the size and location of ROIs in the spleen of conscious dogs on perfusion variables determined using sulphur hexafluoride contrast-enhanced ultrasounds...