keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37398462/potential-role-of-fructose-on-human-colon-dna-methylation-in-racial-disparities-observed-for-colorectal-cancer-risk
#21
Matthew A Devall, Stephen Eaton, Gaizun Hu, Xiangqing Sun, Ethan Jakum, Samyukta Venkatesh, Steven M Powell, Cynthia Yoshida, Daniel J Weisenberger, Gregory S Cooper, Joseph Willis, Seham Ebrahim, Jamie Zoellner, Graham Casey, Li Li
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: An increasing body of observational studies has linked fructose intake to colorectal cancer (CRC). African Americans (AAs) are significantly more likely than European Americans to consume greater quantities of fructose and to develop right-side colon cancer. Yet, a mechanistic link between these two associations remains poorly defined. We aimed to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with dietary fructose consumption measures obtained from food frequency questionnaires in a cohort of normal colon biopsies derived from AA men and women (n=79)...
June 4, 2023: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37325467/potential-predictors-for-cdx2-expression-loss-and-mismatch-repair-deficiency-in-colorectal-cancer
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivan Vlahović, Jasmina Rajc, Ivan Švagelj, Krešimir Šolić, Dražen Švagelj
CDX2 expression loss is commonly associated with mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there are only a few studies that have attempted to correlate CDX2 expression loss with specific MMR genes ( MLH1 , MSH2 , MSH6 , PMS2 ). This is a retrospective study of 327 patients who underwent surgery due to CRC. Nine patients (2.9%) had two synchronous CRCs, making the total sample 336 CRC. Histopathological data such as tumor type, tumor grade, perineural, lymphatic, and vascular invasion, pT stage, pN stage, peritumoral and intratumoral lymphocytic infiltration were collected and recorded in the database...
2023: Pathology Oncology Research: POR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37247890/cdx2-positive-cancer-of-unknown-primary-with-upper-body-paralysis-was-dramatically-improved-by-colorectal-cancer-chemotherapy
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hideko Akagi, Yusaku Tanaka, Kohei Wada, Mianami Takahashi, Koudai Yoshida, Hideharu Domoto
BACKGROUND: Caudal-related homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells. CDX2 is a very sensitive marker for the identification of small and large intestine tumors, which is expressed in 85.7-100% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases. CASE REPORT: A 61-year-old female had been suffering from left shoulder pain for one month. Computed tomography showed osteolytic masses extending to the vertebral arch in the C5, C6, C7, and Th3 vertebral bodies...
June 2023: Anticancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37224811/prox1-induction-by-autolysosomal-activity-stabilizes-persister-like-state-of-colon-cancer-via-feedback-repression-of-the-nox1-mtorc1-pathway
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hirokazu Ohata, Daisuke Shiokawa, Hiroaki Sakai, Yusuke Kanda, Yoshie Okimoto, Syuzo Kaneko, Ryuji Hamamoto, Hitoshi Nakagama, Koji Okamoto
Cancer chemoresistance is often attributed to slow-cycling persister populations with cancer stem cell (CSC)-like features. However, how persister populations emerge and prevail in cancer remains obscure. We previously demonstrated that while the NOX1-mTORC1 pathway is responsible for proliferation of a fast-cycling CSC population, PROX1 expression is required for chemoresistant persisters in colon cancer. Here, we show that enhanced autolysosomal activity mediated by mTORC1 inhibition induces PROX1 expression and that PROX1 induction in turn inhibits NOX1-mTORC1 activation...
May 17, 2023: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37219942/high-fat-diet-plus-hnf1a-variant-promotes-polyps-by-activating-%C3%AE-catenin-in-early-onset-colorectal-cancer
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heyu Song, Ricky A Sontz, Matthew J Vance, Julia M Morris, Sulaiman Sheriff, Songli Zhu, Suzann Duan, Jiping Zeng, Erika Koeppe, Ritu Pandey, Curtis A Thorne, Elena M Stoffel, Juanita L Merchant
The incidence of early onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) is rising and is poorly understood. Lifestyle factors and altered genetic background possibly contribute. Here we performed targeted exon sequencing of archived leukocyte DNA from 158 EO-CRC participants, which identified a missense mutation at p.A98V within the proximal DNA binding domain of Hepatic Nuclear Factor 1 alpha (HNF1AA98V, Rs1800574). The HNF1AA98V exhibited reduced DNA binding. To test function, the HNF1A variant was introduced into the mouse genome by CRISPR/Cas9 and the mice were placed on either a high fat (HFD) or high sugar diet (HSD)...
May 23, 2023: JCI Insight
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37201024/anti-cancer-activity-of-guggulsterone-by-modulating-apoptotic-markers-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#26
Meenakshi Gupta, Deepti Singh, Shruti Rastogi, Hifzur R Siddique, Noura Al-Dayan, Ajaz Ahmad, Mohammad Sikander, Maryam Sarwat
Background: Guggulsterone (pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione; C21 H28 O2 ) is an effective phytosterol isolated from the gum resin of the tree Commiphora wightii (Family Burseraceae) and is responsible for many of the properties of guggul. This plant is widely used as traditional medicine in Ayurveda and Unani system of medicine. It exhibits several pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, anti-septic and anticancer. In this article, the activities of Guggulsterone against cancerous cells were determined and summarized...
2023: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37185743/specific-targeting-and-labeling-of-colonic-polyps-in-cpc-apc-mice-with-mucin-5ac-fluorescent-antibodies-a-model-for-detection-of-early-colon-cancer
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael A Turner, Kristin E Cox, Shanglei Liu, Nicholas Neel, Siamak Amirfakhri, Hiroto Nishino, Mojgan Hosseini, Joshua A Alcantara, Amer Ali Abd El-Hafeez, Thinzar M Lwin, Kavita Mallya, Joseph R Pisegna, Satish K Singh, Pradipta Ghosh, Robert M Hoffman, Surinder K Batra, Michael Bouvet
Poor visualization of polyps can limit colorectal cancer screening. Fluorescent antibodies to mucin5AC (MUC5AC), a glycoprotein upregulated in adenomas and colorectal cancer, could improve screening colonoscopy polyp detection rate. Adenomatous polyposis coli flox mice with a Cdx2-Cre transgene ( CPC-APC ) develop colonic polyps that contain both dysplastic and malignant tissue. Mice received MUC5AC-IR800 or IRdye800 as a control IV and were sacrificed after 48 h for near-infrared imaging of their colons. A polyp-to-background ratio (PBR) was calculated for each polyp by dividing the mean fluorescence intensity of the polyp by the mean fluorescence intensity of the background tissue...
April 11, 2023: Current Issues in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37164671/cutaneous-metastasis-of-transverse-colon-cancer-with-an-aberrant-pattern-of-ck7-ck20-cdx2-and-high-microsatellite-instability
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Moeko Omiya, Takaaki Murata, Akira Sawaki, Shinichi Teshima, Jun Kawachi
A 79-year-old woman was diagnosed with transverse colon cancer, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. She underwent surgery and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. At 80 years old, the patient exhibited changes in skin tone at the chest and abdomen with CK7+/CK20-/CDX2- immunostaining that was later identified as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis was cancer of unknown primary origin. The patient passed away three months after the detection of the skin lesion. Autopsy revealed recurrence at the transverse colon, multiple organ metastases, a similar postmortem immunostaining pattern, and high-frequency microsatellite instability (MSI-high)...
December 15, 2023: Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37155449/cutaneous-limb-metastasis-of-colorectal-cancer-misdiagnosed-as-zoster-infection
#29
Maram Albandak, Miral Albandak, Jasmin Abdallah, Mohammed Qawasmeh
Cutaneous metastasis is a rare manifestation of internal malignancies. It usually occurs with the later progression of the disease and is associated with a poor prognosis. Common culprits of skin metastasis include lung cancer, melanoma, and colorectal cancer in men and breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and melanoma in women. Given these points, there is a low rate of cutaneous metastasis of colorectal cancer. When present, the most common sites include the abdominal wall and, less frequently, the face and the scalp...
March 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37144022/medullary-colonic-carcinomas-present-with-early-stage-disease-and-do-not-express-neuroendocrine-markers-by-immunohistochemistry
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evi Abada, Hyejeong Jang, Seongho Kim, Othuke Abada, Rafic Beydoun
BACKGROUND: Medullary colonic carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and distinct phenotype of colorectal cancers characterized histologically by sheets of malignant cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, exhibiting prominent infiltration by lymphocytes and neutrophilic granulocytes. We present the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of this rare tumor in our patient population. METHODS: Eleven cases diagnosed with MCC from 1996-2020 met the diagnostic histologic criteria and had tissue blocks available for further analysis...
2023: Annals of Gastroenterology: Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36960562/intestinal-vitamin-d-receptor-is-dispensable-for-maintaining-adult-bone-mass-in-mice-with-adequate-calcium-intake
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Heng Jiang, Krittikan Chanpaisaeng, Sylvia Christakos, James C Fleet
1,25(OH)2D3-mediated intestinal calcium (Ca) absorption supplies Ca for proper bone mineralization during growth. We tested whether vitamin D receptor (VDR)-mediated 1,25(OH)2D3 signaling is critical for adult Ca absorption and bone by using mice with inducible Vdr gene knockout in the whole intestine (villin-CreERT2+/- x VDRf/f, WIK) or in the large intestine (CDX2-CreERT2+/-x VDRf/f, LIK). At 4-month-old, Vdr alleles were recombined (0.05 mg tamoxifen/g BW, i.p., 5-d) and mice were fed diets with either 0...
March 24, 2023: Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36789079/alleviative-mechanism-and-effect-of-bifidobacterium-animalis-a6-on-dextran-sodium-sulfate-induced-ulcerative-colitis-in-mice
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fang Wu, Guna Wuri, Bing Fang, Mengxuan Shi, Ming Zhang, Liang Zhao
Probiotics have been increasingly investigated for their role in alleviating symptoms of ulcerative colitis (UC), but the specific mechanism involved remains unclear. We investigated the alleviating effect of Bifidobacterium animalis A6 (BAA6) in UC through a mouse dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model. When treated with a high dose of BAA6 (1 × 1010  cfu/ml), it was found that colitis symptoms were significantly alleviated, and mucosal damages experienced obvious relief. Moreover, a high dose of BAA6 effectively upregulated free fatty acid receptors 2 and 3 (FFAR2 and FFAR3) expression and butyric acid metabolism specifically...
February 2023: Food Science & Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36778374/satb2-loss-in-inflammatory-bowel-disease-associated-small-intestinal-metaplasia-of-the-distal-colon
#33
Maged Zeineldin, Tatianna C Larman
Epithelial metaplasia is a common adaptation to chronic inflammatory processes and can be associated with increased risk of dysplasia and cancer. The distal colon of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly shows crypt architectural distortion and Paneth cell metaplasia (PCM), and IBD patients also carry increased risk of colitis-associated dysplasia and cancer (CAC). Loss of SATB2 expression (Special AT-rich binding 2 protein, a colon-restricted chromatin remodeler) has recently been shown to distinguish colitis-associated dysplasia and CAC from sporadic disease...
February 3, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36602895/nonsalivary-primary-adenocarcinomas-of-the-base-of-tongue
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Subhash Yadav, Neha Mittal, Swapnil U Rane, Munita Bal, Asawari Patil, Suman Kumar Ankathi, Deepa Nair
CONTEXT.—: Nonsalivary primary adenocarcinomas of the base of tongue (PABOTs) are extremely rare and worth reporting. OBJECTIVE.—: To study the detailed clinicopathologic features of PABOT. DESIGN.—: Cases of PABOT diagnosed on pathology material were retrieved from the archived electronic surgical pathology records. RESULTS.—: Six cases in 4 men and 2 women (M:F ratio, 2:1), with an age range of 31 to 76 years, satisfied the criteria...
January 5, 2023: Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36574162/pathologic-complete-response-after-laparoscopic-surgery-following-treatment-with-nivolumab-and-ipilimumab-for-anticancer-drug-resistant-msi-high-descending-colon-cancer-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hiroshi Sawayama, Yuji Miyamoto, Katsuhiro Ogawa, Mayuko Ohuchi, Yuki Hisano, Moeko Kato, Hiroki Tubakihara, Naoya Yoshida, Hideo Baba
BACKGROUND: Preoperative treatment is performed for locally advanced colon cancer with extensive tumor proximity or suspected invasion of skeletal muscles, major organs, and blood vessels. Oxaliplatin-based regimens are often used in preoperative chemotherapy. However, microsatellite instability (MSI)-high colorectal cancer is often resistant to cytotoxic anticancer agents. Herein, we describe a case of treatment of anticancer drug-resistant MSI-high locally advanced colon cancer and review cases of complete response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for colorectal cancer...
December 27, 2022: Surgical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36532640/a-rare-case-of-cardiac-metastasis-from-colon-cancer
#36
Zahra Modabber, Roghayeh Pourkia, Hamidreza Vafaey, Ali Alizadeh, Mohammad Ranaee
It is very rare for colorectal neoplasms to metastasize to the heart in the worldwide medical literature; only a single case of well-documented colorectal cancer metastasis to the left atrium was found. The case of a 66-year-old man is explained in this paper, who was suffering from metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colon that included the left atrium. In transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, a large multilobulated mass was present in the left atrium. An accidental pulmonary mass was also seen in a lung spiral CT scan...
2022: Iranian Journal of Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36510997/pattern-of-expression-of-cdx2-in-colorectal-cancer-and-its-role-in-prognosis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jagdeep Singh, N G Rajesh, Biswajit Dubashi, Nanda Kishore Maroju, Prasanth Ganesan, Kiran Kumar Matta, I Charles, Smita Kayal
BACKGROUND: CDX2, a nuclear protein, is essential for the proliferation and development of intestinal epithelial cells and is frequently down-regulated during tumorigenesis. We have evaluated the pattern of CDX2 expression in all stages of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its association with prognosis. METHODS: We performed CDX2 staining by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on the available biopsy blocks of patients of CRC registered in our institute from January 2014 to January 2018...
December 2022: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36510502/mucinous-adenocarcinoma-of-the-colon-with-clear-cell-component-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#38
Andrija Karačić, Gabrijela Stanić, Domagoj Štritof, Branko Bakula, Dubravka Jandrić, Inka Kekez
Clear cell adenocarcinomas of the colon are defined as a subtype of colorectal adenocarcinoma with clear cell morphology. A 65-year old man was admitted to a Gastroenterology Department for diagnostic evaluation of a tumor in the sigmoid colon found on CT. There, the patient developed complete bowel obstruction and was operated urgently, where intraoperatively, a large tumor in the sigmoid fixated to the lateral abdominal wall was revealed. A subtotal colectomy was performed. Histopathological analysis of the surgical specimen was conducted...
2022: Case Reports in Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36387791/metachronous-isolated-penile-metastasis-from-sigmoid-colon-adenocarcinoma-a-case-report
#39
Guo-Lin Yin, Jiang-Bo Zhu, Cheng-Lin Fu, Ru-Liang Ding, Jun-Miao Zhang, Qian Lin
BACKGROUND: Sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma has a high incidence among gastrointestinal tumors, and it very rarely metastasizes to the penis. The literature reports that the prognosis after penile metastasis is generally poor, with a median survival of about 9 mo. Metachronous isolated metastasis to the penis originating from sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma has not been reported so far. Here, we report a case of sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma with isolated penile metastasis occurring 2 years after surgery...
November 6, 2022: World Journal of Clinical Cases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36291953/-intestinal-type-vulvar-adenocarcinoma-a-review-of-the-mito-rare-tumors-group
#40
REVIEW
Miriam Dellino, Stefania Cicogna, Francesca Falcone, Marco Mitidieri, Roberta Mazzeo, Sandro Pignata, Giorgia Mangili, Gennaro Cormio
Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma (VAIt) represents a sporadic variant of vulvar carcinoma. It appears frequently localized to epithelial glands in the vulvar region, and it probably derives from cloacal remnants persisting in the adult. We performed a systematic review of the limited cases reported in the literature, with the intent to assess the specific peculiarities of this rare neoplasia and to state consistent management recommendations. The principal histological VAIt characteristic is that it resembles mucinous colonic carcinomas...
October 21, 2022: Cancers
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