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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beda Islas-Muñoz, Patricia Volkow-Fernández, Jorge Silva-Zamora, Ana Ramírez-Ibarguen, Patricia Cornejo-Juárez
INTRODUCTION: Patients with severe neutropenia who develop septic shock (SS) have high mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and mortality of SS in patients with HM and febrile neutropenia. METHODOLOGY: We included all patients with hematological malignancies (HM) who presented fever and severe neutropenia, admitted to an oncological tertiary care center in Mexico City for one year. RESULTS: Two hundred ninety-two episodes of fever and severe neutropenia were documented; 68 patients (23...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
#22
Sona Trika, Nicholas R Munoz, Mueez Hussain, Youstina Beshay-Taylor, Zainub Javed
Neutropenic enterocolitis (NEC), also referred to as typhlitis, is a condition associated with a high mortality risk and primarily manifests in immunocompromised patients. It is characterized by ulceration, edema, and hemorrhage affecting the bowel wall. The underlying cause of NEC is postulated as an immunocompromised condition that facilitates bacterial infiltration through compromised bowel mucosa. The high mortality rate is attributable to bowel necrosis, culminating in perforation and sepsis. This report describes a case involving a patient with metastatic seminoma who exhibited seizure-like activity, fever, Streptococcus gallolyticus bacteremia, and NEC...
February 2024: Curēus
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Allison Graeter, Dasom Lee, Guy Handley, Aliyah Baluch, Olga Klinkova
Chronic disseminated candidiasis (CDC) is a severe but rarely seen fungal infection presenting in patients with hematologic malignancies after a prolonged duration of neutropenia. A high index of suspicion is required to diagnose CDC as standard culture workup is often negative. While tissue biopsy is the gold standard of diagnosis, it is frequently avoided in patients with profound cytopenias and increased bleeding risks. A presumptive diagnosis can be made in patients with recent neutropenia, persistent fevers unresponsive to antibiotics, imaging findings of hypoechoic, non-rim enhancing target-like lesions in the spleen and liver, and mycologic evidence...
March 6, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
#24
Mohsin N Butt, Nazia Shamim, Asma Faraz
Radiotherapy of the whole body is called total body irradiation (TBI). It is a well-established component of conditioning regimens before stem cell transplantation in juvenile leukemia. The patient was a three-year-old child with a diagnosis of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and planned for stem cell transplantation. He was given TBI under anesthesia for three consecutive days prior to the bone marrow transplantation under general anesthesia. The important concerns were related to neutropenia/immune suppression, parental consent for repeated anesthesia, nothing per oral guidelines for the TBI treatment, the possibility of high-grade fever, high chance of respiratory tract infections with repeated anesthesia exposure, etc...
February 2024: Curēus
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ricardo Rabagliati, Grace Salazar, Giancarlo Pérez-Lazo, Maria Paz Iturrieta, Diana Portillo, Carmen Soria-Segarra, María José Ojeda, Jimena Flores, Margarita Galarza, Roxana Sandoval-Ahumada, Pablo Cartes Aguilera, Lady Dimitrakis, Fabiola Avelga Reinoso, Patricia Garcia
BACKGROUND: Febrile neutropenia is a life-threatening condition commonly observed in patients with hematologic malignancies. The aim of this article is to provide updated knowledge about bloodstream infections in febrile neutropenia episodes within the Andean region of Latin America. METHOD: This retrospective study was based in 6 hospitals in Chile, Ecuador, and Peru and included adult patients with acute leukemia or lymphoma and febrile neutropenia between January 2019 and December 2020...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#26
Mário Ferreira, Joana Paulo, Paulo Ramos, Carolina Padrão, Zélia Neves
T-large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGLL) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. The diagnosis is established by identifying an abnormally high number of clonal granular T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and eventually in the bone marrow, in cases with medullary infiltration. The majority of patients present with symptoms related to neutropenia and this condition may be associated with autoimmune diseases in up to a third of cases. The authors describe the case of a 26-year-old patient admitted with subacute high fever and bullous dermatitis with necrotic lesions with central bullae...
February 2024: Curēus
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica S Little, Cassie Coughlin, Candace Hsieh, Meaghan Lanza, Wan Yi Huang, Aishwarya Kumar, Tanvi Dandawate, Robert Tucker, Paige Gable, Axel A Vazquez Deida, Heather Moulton-Meissner, Valerie Stevens, Gillian McAllister, Thomas Ewing, Maria Diaz, Janet Glowicz, Marisa L Winkler, Nicole Pecora, David W Kubiak, Jeffrey C Pearson, Marlise R Luskin, Amy C Sherman, Ann E Woolley, Christina Brandeburg, Barbara Bolstorff, Eileen McHale, Esther Fortes, Matthew Doucette, Sandra Smole, Craig Bunnell, Anne Gross, Dana Platt, Sonali Desai, Karen Fiumara, Nicolas C Issa, Lindsey R Baden, Chanu Rhee, Michael Klompas, Meghan A Baker
BACKGROUND: Bacillus cereus is a ubiquitous gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium that can cause sepsis and neuroinvasive disease in patients with acute leukemia or neutropenia. METHODS: A single-center retrospective review was conducted to evaluate patients with acute leukemia, positive blood or cerebrospinal fluid test results for B cereus , and abnormal neuroradiographic findings between January 2018 and October 2022. Infection control practices were observed, environmental samples obtained, a dietary case-control study completed, and whole genome sequencing performed on environmental and clinical Bacillus isolates...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
#28
MULTICENTER STUDY
Dilşah Başkol Elik, Şafak Kaya, Sevil Alkan, Tuna Demirdal, Alper Sener, Selçuk Kaya, Özlem Güzel Tunçcan, Bircan Kayaaslan, Rahmet Güner, Fatma Eser, Hasip Kahraman, Serhat Birengel, Elif Mukime Sarıcaoğlu, Esma Eroğlu, Fatma Çölkesen, Erman Öztürk, Hande Berk Cam, Çiğdem Mermutluoğlu, Şafak Özer Balin, Gülden Sincan, Nilgün Altın, Uluhan Sili, Bedia Mutay Suntur, Tuğba Arslan Gülen, Burak Deveci, Rabin Saba, Şaban İncecik, Gülden Eser Karlıdağ, Elif Hakko, Damla Akdağ, Hüseyin Aytaç Erdem, Hilal Sipahi, Candan Çicek, Mehmet Sezai Taşbakan, Meltem Taşbakan, Hüsnü Pullukçu, Tansu Yamazhan, Bilgin Arda, Sercan Ulusoy, Oguz Resat Sipahi
This multicentre (22 centres in Turkey) retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of patients with neutropenic fever and SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Study period was 15 March 2020-15 August 2021. A total of 170 cases (58 female, aged 59 ± 15.5 years) that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the study. One-month mortality rate (OMM) was 44.8%. The logistic regression analysis showed the following significant variables for the mentioned dependent variables: (i) achieving PCR negativity: receiving a maximum of 5 days of favipiravir (p = 0...
March 3, 2024: Scientific Reports
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yukiro Matsumoto, Sayuka Arakawa, Ken Sadahira, Tomotaka Sato, Kazuto Yamazaki, Shuhei Nishimoto
Disseminated trichosporonosis is a rare fungal infection whose risk factors are hematological malignancies and neutropenia. Recently, breakthrough Trichosporon infections after administration of micafungin, the first-line systemic antifungal agent in compromised hosts, have been widely recognized. A man in his seventies about 1 month into chemotherapy for acute megakaryoblastic leukemia presented with a worsening fever and dyspnea. The patient was being administered with empirical micafungin therapy for suspected candidiasis...
2024: Medical Mycology Journal
#30
Ole Lindner, Natalia Rotari, Ayami Yoshimi, Charlotte M Niemeyer, Simone Hettmer
Lomustine is an oral chemotherapy drug commonly used in pediatric neuro-oncology. We report on a 15-year-old formerly healthy boy, who was erroneously prescribed lomustine instead of an antibiotic for tonsillitis. He subsequently suffered from prolonged bone marrow aplasia with secondary fever in neutropenia and ubiquitous bleeding. Bone marrow regeneration started approximately 7 weeks after lomustine intake. No other permanent organ damage has been detected thus far. Oral chemotherapeutic drugs should only be prescribed by experts and dispensed in the smallest possible pack size...
2024: Frontiers in Pediatrics
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christa Koenig, Roland A Ammann, Christine Schneider, Johanna Wyss, Jochen Roessler, Eva Brack
PURPOSE: Pediatric patients with cancer often develop chemotherapy-induced fever in neutropenia (FN), requiring emergency broad-spectrum antibiotics. Continuous temperature monitoring can lead to earlier FN detection and therapy with improved outcomes. We aimed to compare the feasibility of continuous core temperature monitoring with timely data availability between two wearable devices (WDs) in pediatric oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: In this prospective observational two-center study, 20 patients (median age: 8 years) undergoing chemotherapy simultaneously wore two WDs (CORE®, Everion®) for 14 days...
February 24, 2024: Supportive Care in Cancer
#32
REVIEW
Andrea Gutiérrez-Villanueva, Claudia Quintana-Reyes, Elena Martínez de Antonio, Begoña Rodríguez-Alfonso, Karina Velásquez, Almudena de la Iglesia, Guiomar Bautista, Cristina Escudero-Gómez, Rafael Duarte, Ana Fernández-Cruz
Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a complication of hematologic malignancy therapy. An early diagnosis would allow optimization of antimicrobials. The 18 F-FDG-PET-CT may be useful; however, its role is not well established. We analyzed retrospectively patients with hematological malignancies who underwent 18 F-FDG-PET-CT as part of FN management in our university hospital and compared with conventional imaging. In addition, we performed a systematic review of the literature assessing the usefulness of 18 F-FDG-PET-CT in FN...
January 31, 2024: Microorganisms
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hranush Avagyan, Sona Hakobyan, Bagrat Baghdasaryan, Hranush Arzumanyan, Arpine Poghosyan, Nane Bayramyan, Anna Semerjyan, Mariam Sargsyan, Henry Voskanyan, Tigranuhi Vardanyan, Naira Karalyan, Lina Hakobyan, Liana Abroyan, Aida Avetisyan, Elena Karalova, Zara Semerjyan, Zaven Karalyan
Shortly after the establishment of African swine fever virus (ASFV) genotype II in 2007, cases of acute fatal infection were observed. However, after several years of circulation in the Eurasian region, the clinical signs of the disease changed. Currently, this disease can occur acutely, subclinically, chronically, or asymptomatically. Cases of the complete recovery of infected pigs, and the disappearance of ASFV from their tissues and secretions have been described. This form of the disease first appeared in Armenia at the end of 2011...
January 29, 2024: Pathogens
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anastasios Stathis, Maria Cristina Pirosa, Lorella Orsucci, Pierre Feugier, Monica Tani, Hervé Ghesquières, Gerardo Musuraca, Francesca Gaia Rossi, Francesco Merli, Romain Guièze, Emmanuel Gyan, Guido Gini, Dario Marino, Remy Gressin, Franck Morschhauser, Federica Cavallo, Francesca Palombi, Annarita Conconi, Benoît Tessoulin, Hervé Tilly, Manuela Zanni, Maria Giuseppina Cabras, Enrico Capochiani, Catello Califano, Melania Celli, Alessandro Pulsoni, Francesco Angrilli, Ubaldo Occhini, René-Olivier Casasnovas, Guillaume Cartron, Liliana Devizzi, Corinne Haioun, Anna Marina Liberati, Roch Houot, Michele Merli, Giuseppe Pietrantuono, Francesca Re, Michele Spina, Francesco Landi, Franco Cavalli, Francesco Bertoni, Davide Rossi, Nicoletta Ielmini, Elena Borgo, Stefano Luminari, Emanuele Zucca, Catherine Thieblemont
The IELSG38 trial was conducted to investigate the effects of subcutaneous (SC) rituximab on the complete remission (CR) rate and the benefits of SC maintenance in patients with extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) who received frontline treatment with chlorambucil plus rituximab. Study treatment comprised an induction phase with chlorambucil 6 mg/m2/day orally on weeks 1-6, 9-10, 13-14, 17-18, and 21-22, and rituximab 375 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1 of weeks 1-4, and 1400 mg SC on weeks 9, 13, 17, and 21...
February 22, 2024: Haematologica
#35
Yuki Amakusa, Tatsuro Suzuki, Masaya Takemura, Tetsuya Oguri
In cases of Sweet's syndrome with pulmonary involvement, fever of unknown origin, and macrocytic anaemia, VEXAS syndrome can be considered in the differential diagnosis. A 67-year-old man who was taking prednisolone for a fever of unknown origin and Sweet's syndrome was referred to us because of an abnormal chest shadow. Computed tomography revealed a nonfibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like opacity, and blood test results indicated macrocytic anaemia. His pulmonary symptoms spontaneously improved but again exacerbated approximately 1 month later...
February 2024: Respirology Case Reports
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Skoloda, Matthew Newman, Haval Norman, Jamie E Ziggas, Richard F Ambinder
PURPOSE: High-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is an antineoplastic dosing strategy used to treat various cancers including primary central nervous system lymphoma. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) is commonly used for antibiotic prophylaxis against Pneumocystis pneumonia infections in this patient population. Significant drug-drug interactions between TMP/SMX and methotrexate (MTX) leading to adverse outcomes have been documented, primarily in adult patients taking MTX for rheumatologic conditions...
February 21, 2024: JCO oncology practice
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Merve Cansu Polat, Çiğdem Sönmez, Neşe Yarali, Namık Yaşar Özbek
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between interleukin-33 (IL-33) and its receptor Soluble Suppression of Tumorigenicity-2 (sST2) levels and bacterial infections during febrile neutropenia (FN) in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this prospective, case-control study, participants were divided into 3 groups: ALL patients with FN (Group A), ALL patients without neutropenia and fever (Group B), and healthy children without infection and chronic disease (Group C)...
February 17, 2024: European Journal of Pediatrics
#38
Yoshitaka Saito, Yoh Takekuma, Hajime Asahina, Ryo Hisada, Mitsuru Sugawara
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have drastically improved cancer treatment. However, they may induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Here, we report a case of significantly delayed rheumatic irAEs (Rh-irAEs) with prior possible temporary neutropenic irAEs in a patient with atezolizumab-treated non-small-cell lung cancer and its management. A man in his sixties received atezolizumab monotherapy as the sixth-line treatment. He experienced an infusion-related reaction (fever) during the first cycle. On day 22 of cycle 2, grade 4 neutropenia suddenly appeared, but it disappeared on the next day...
2024: Case Reports in Oncological Medicine
#39
REVIEW
Erica J Stohs, Anum Abbas, Alison Freifeld
Febrile neutropenia (FN) is common among hematologic malignancy patients, including recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and cellular therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy. Prompt empiric antibiotic use has been the mainstay for decades but a "one-size-fits-all" approach is no longer broadly accepted, as treatment-related infectious risk are more understood. Growing antimicrobial resistance is an increasing clinical challenge. Evolving strategies on de-escalation of broad-spectrum antibiotics in FN without identified infection are areas of particular interest...
February 13, 2024: Transplant Infectious Disease: An Official Journal of the Transplantation Society
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucieni Oliveira Conterno, Plínio Trabasso, Mariângela Ribeiro Resende, Paula Sanches Paschoali, Leticia Bergamo Pascucci, Maria Luiza Moretti
UNLABELLED: Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is frequent in patients with hematologic malignancies or submitted hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the role of the GM (galactomannan) test in prescribing therapeutic antifungals; to determine invasive aspergillosis (IA) frequency, the factors associated with positive GM test, and the in-hospital mortality. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational study including patients aged 18 or over with hematological malignancy or submitted to HSCT...
February 6, 2024: Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
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