Temperature buffer

Hexagonal rare-earth iron oxides ( h-R FeO3 ) exhibit spontaneous magnetization and room-temperature ferroelectricity simultaneously. However, achieving a large magnetoelectric coupling necessitates further exploration. Herein, we report the impact of the magnetic phase transition on the ferroelectric properties of epitaxial h-R FeO3 ( R = Tb and Ho) films prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The metastable h - R FeO3 phase is successfully stabilized with high crystallinity and low leakage current due to the ITO buffer layer, making it possible to investigate the ferroelectric properties...

A 3 μm undecylenic acid-functionalized stationary phase (UAS) was prepared for the separation of nucleosides and nucleobases using per aqueous liquid chromatography (PALC) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC). The retention behaviors of nucleosides and nucleobases in PALC and HILIC modes were explored by adjusting parameters such as water content, buffer concentration, pH of the mobile phase and column temperature. The experimental data and separation chromatogram demonstrated that PALC could provide retention comparable to that of HILIC for nucleosides and nucleobases...

Despite their great versatility and ease of functionalization, most polymer-based nanocarriers intended for use in drug delivery often face serious limitations that can prevent their clinical translation, such as uncontrolled drug release and off-target toxicity, which mainly originate from the burst release phenomenon. In addition, residual solvents from the formulation process can induce toxicity, alter the physico-chemical and biological properties and can strongly impair further pharmaceutical development...

Following ICH guidelines for analytical validation, we report a common C18 column stability indicating isocratic reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method for the determination of the ion channel modulator Bay K8644. Two main forced degradation products and a minor impurity were also tentatively identified by Mass Spectrometry. The mobile phase consisted of a 50/50 acetonitrile/buffer mixture at a flow rate of 2 mL/min. Mean retention time for Bay K8644 was 3.030 minutes. Excellent linearity (r = 0...

The search for effective ways of paraoxon (POX) degradation becomes an extremely urgent problem, which can be solved by creating effective bioscavengers in the form of three-dimensional macrocycles. In this work, supramolecular interactions in an aqueous medium were studied between (4-sulfobutyl)-β-cyclodextrin, the hydrophobic cavity of which is capable of binding POX, and viologen calix[4]resorcinol, the cationic groups of which are able to facilitate the nucleophilic attack on the phosphorus atom of the pesticide...

Understanding the topographic basis for microclimatic variation remains fundamental to predicting the site level effects of warming air temperatures. Quantifying diurnal fluctuation and seasonal extremes in relation to topography offers insight into the potential relationship between site level conditions and changes in regional climate. The present study investigated an annual understory temperature regime for 50 sites distributed across a topographically diverse area (>12 km2) comprised of mixed evergreen-deciduous woodland vegetation typical of California coastal ranges...

Direct, reliable, controlled, and sustained drug delivery to female reproductive tract (FRT) remains elusive, with conventional dosage forms falling way short of the mark, leading to premature leakage, erratic drug delivery, and loss of compliance. Historically, the intravaginal route remains underserved by the pharmaceutical sector. To comprehensively address this, we turned our focus to phase-transforming sol-gels, using poloxamers, a thermosensitive polymer and, doxycycline (as hyclate salt, DOXH) as our model agent given its potential use in sexually transmitted infections (STIs)...

Existing data on the acoustic properties of low-temperature biological materials is limited and widely dispersed across fields. This makes it difficult to employ this information in the development of ultrasound applications in the medical field, such as cryosurgery and rewarming of cryopreserved tissues. In this review, the low-temperature acoustic properties of biological materials, and the measurement methods used to acquire them were collected from a range of scientific fields. The measurements were reviewed from the acoustic set-up to thermal methodologies for samples preparation, temperature monitoring, and system insulation...

BACKGROUND: Vancomycin is being used for the treatment of a variety of infections caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus . Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is highly recommended for ensuring the safe and effective therapy with vancomycin. A reliable and cost-effective bioanalytical method is required for TDM as well as pharmacokinetic studies of vancomycin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A selective, sensitive, and cost effective HPLC method was developed and validated for quantification of vancomycin concentrations in human plasma...

Population heterogeneity is an important component of the survival mechanism of Listeria monocytogenes, leading to cells in a population with diverse stress resistance levels. We previously demonstrated that several ribosomal gene rpsU mutations enhanced the stress resistance of L. monocytogenes and lowered the growth rate at 30 °C and lower temperatures. This study investigated whether these switches in phenotypes could result in a bias in strain detection when standard enrichment-based procedures are applied to a variety of strains...

In our present work, an explicit crosslinked thermo-responsive hydrogel platform has been developed, by using polyacrylamide (PAAm), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) (PCHMA), and then coupled with urease to yield bioconjugates (BCs). Synergic effect of these polymer units provides thermoresponsive nature, optimum crosslinking with desired swelling behaviour, and stability and improved catalytic to Urease in the resultant BCs. Synthesis of the terpolymer has been achieved by employing HEMA (monomer as well as crosslinker), instead of using the conventional crosslinkers, through free radical solution polymerization technique...

Residues of glyphosate (GlyP) and its major degradation product, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), widely exist in the water system and plant products and thus are also present in the bodies of animals and humans. Although no solid evidence has been obtained, the concern about the cancer risk of GlyP is persistent. The measurement of GlyP and AMPA in trace levels is often needed but lacks readily available analytical approaches with detection sensitivity, accuracy and speed. This study aims to develop a simple and robust technique for the sensitive detection of GlyP and AMPA residues in a surface water system with flow-gated capillary electrophoresis (CE)...

To solve the problem of freezing damage in cold-region tunnels, this study proposed a rubber airbag interlayered composite lining system, and tested its performance of buffering, pressure adjustment, waterproofing, and heat preservation by simulating a low-temperature environment in an artificial freezing chamber. The experiment results show that the frost-heaving force exerted on the lining can always be lower than 1.69 kPa by constantly adjusting the airbag pressure, and the maximum frost-heaving force can reach 28...

Polymer-mediated cell surface engineering can be a powerful tool to modify the cell's biological behavior, but a simple ligation strategy must be identified. This manuscript assessed the use of transglutamination as a versatile and adaptable approach for cell surface engineering in various cellular models relevant to biomedical applications. This enzymatic approach was evaluated for its feasibility and potential for conjugating polymers to diverse cell surfaces and its biological effects. Transglutaminase-mediated ligation was successfully performed at temperatures ranging from 4 to 37 °C in as quickly as 30 min, while maintaining biocompatibility and preserving cell viability...

Group IV GeSn quantum material finds application in electronics and silicon-compatible photonics. Synthesizing these materials with low defect density and high carrier lifetime is a potential challenge due to lattice mismatch induced defects and tin segregation at higher growth temperature. Recent advancements in the growth of these GeSn materials on Si, Ge, GaAs, and with substrate orientations, demonstrated different properties using epitaxial and chemical deposition methods. This article addresses the effect of GaAs substrate orientation and misorientation on the materials' properties and carrier lifetimes in epitaxial Ge0...

Artificial snake hibernacula are anthropogenic structures used by snakes in temperate zones to survive harsh winter conditions. Artificial hibernacula can be intentionally created for various purposes including herpetoculture, research, habitat enhancement and conservation, or to offset development impacts. Here we present a design for an artificial snake hibernaculum for research use that was convenient (manually installed) and cost-effective ($91 CAD ea.). The hibernaculum was made of HDPE and ABS plumbing hardware, and measured ∼160 cm long by ∼10 cm wide...

We present a method for tracking densely clustered, high-velocity, indistinguishable objects being spawned at a high rate and moving in a directed force field using only object centroids as inputs and no other image information. The algorithm places minimal restrictions on the velocities or accelerations of the objects being tracked and uses a methodology based on a scoring function and a backtracking refinement process. This combination leads to successful tracking of hundreds of particles in challenging environments even when the displacement of the individual objects at successive times approaches the separation between neighboring objects in any one frame...

The accumulation of coir pith waste, a byproduct of coconut husk processing, poses environmental and logistical challenges. An innovative and sustainable solution involves using coir pith as a substrate for solid-state fermentation (SSF). In SSF, coir pith can be converted into valuable products, such as enzymes, organic acids, and bioactive compounds. The present study aimed to evaluate laccase production by Hexagonia hirta MSF2 through SSF using the coir pith waste as substrate. Physico-chemical parameters like moisture, pH, temperature, C source, N source, and CuSO4 concentrations were pre-optimized, and optimized through RSM...

Developing a vacuum-free and low-temperature deposition technique for dopant-free carrier-selective materials without sacrificing their performance can reduce the fabrication cost and CO2 footprint of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. In this contribution, to activate the full capacity of the solution-processed TiO x as an electron-selective passivation contact, the effects of various pre- and postdeposition treatments on the passivation quality and contact resistivity are investigated simultaneously...

Mammalian models, such as murine, are used widely in pathophysiological studies because they have a high degree of similarity in body temperature, metabolism, and immune response with humans. However, non-vertebrate animal models have emerged as alternative models to study the host-pathogen interaction with minimal ethical concerns. Galleria mellonella is an alternative model that has proved useful in studying the interaction of the host with either bacteria or fungi, performing drug testing, and assessing the immunological response to different microorganisms...