Mir-34 and cardiomyocytes

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control the expression of diverse subsets of target mRNAs, and studies have found miRNA dysregulation in failing hearts. Expression of miR-29 is abundant in heart, increases with aging, and is altered in cardiomyopathies. Prior studies demonstrate that miR-29 reduction via genetic knockout or pharmacologic blockade can blunt cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice. Surprisingly, this depended on specifically blunting miR-29 actions in cardiomyocytes versus fibroblasts. To begin developing more translationally relevant vectors, we generated a novel transgene-encoded miR-29 inhibitor (TuD-29) that can be incorporated into a viral-mediated gene therapy for cardioprotection...

This study aimed to investigate the differential expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in peripheral blood lymphocytes between patients with essential hypertension and healthy individuals in Xinjiang Kazakh and to provide insight into the mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension in this ethnic group. From April 2016 to May 2019, 30 Kazakh patients with essential hypertension in the inpatient and outpatient departments of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University were used as the hypertension group; 30 healthy Kazakh patients were used as the control group...

AIMS: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a rare heart disease, occurring in previously heart-healthy women during the last month of pregnancy or the first months after delivery due to left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. A common pathomechanistic pathway of PPCM includes increased oxidative stress and the subsequent generation of a cleaved prolactin fragment (16 kDa PRL), which promotes the onset of heart failure (HF) in a microRNA (miR)-146a-dependent manner. Inhibition of prolactin secretion with the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonist bromocriptine combined with standard HF therapy supports cardiac recovery...

The development of a direct reprogramming method to provide cell availability for regenerative therapy has led to a lot of studies. However, the search for appropriate cell sources and methods is still being carried out until now. Direct reprogramming using microRNA-1 (miR-1) is an option to obtain cardiomyocytes from other cells because miR-1 has evidence to play a role in the development of cardiac muscle cells in the embryo. This study aimed to compare the direct reprogramming efficiency of CD34+ cells from peripheral blood into cardiomyocytes between cardiomyocyte differentiation medium and miR-1...

Introduction: In the course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) cardiomyocyte injury, activation and destruction of endothelial cells together with inflammation lead to miRNA expression alterations. Aim: To assess levels of circulating cardiac-specific (miR-1) and endothelial-specific (miR-126) miRNAs in the acute phase of AMI and after a follow-up period. Material and methods: Seventeen AMI patients (mean age: 64.24 ±13.83 years, mean left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF): 42...

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally. Recent studies demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in the development of congenital heart defects (CHD). In this study, we aimed at identifying the specific patterns of miRNAs in blood of monozygotic twin pairs discordant for CHD and to assess whether miRNAs might be involved in the development or reflect the consequences of CHD. METHODS: miRNA microarray analysis and Real-Time Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were employed to determine the miRNA abundance level from 12 monozygotic twins discordant for CHD and their non-CHD co-twins (n = 12)...

The prevalence of age-related diseases is increasing dramatically, among which cardiac disease represents the leading cause of death. Aging of the heart is characterized by various molecular and cellular hallmarks impairing both cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes, and resulting in functional deteriorations of the cardiac system. The aging process includes desensitization of β-adrenergic receptor (βAR)-signaling and decreased calcium handling, altered growth signaling and cardiac hypertrophy, mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired autophagy, increased programmed cell death, low-grade inflammation of noncanonical inflammatory cells, and increased ECM deposition...

Ischemic injury in the heart is associated with death of cardiomyocytes and even after decades of research there is no appropriate therapeutic intervention to treat ischemic injury. The microRNA miR-34a is known to be induced in cardiomyocytes following ischemic injury. Another hallmark of ischemic injury is impaired glycolysis. The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of short- and long-term exposure to hypoxia on miR-34a expression on apoptosis and regulation of key glycolysis metabolic enzymes...

Arrhythmogenesis from aberrant electrical remodeling is a primary cause of death among patients with heart disease. Amongst a multitude of remodeling events, reduced expression of the ion channel subunit KChIP2 is consistently observed in numerous cardiac pathologies. However, it remains unknown if KChIP2 loss is merely a symptom or involved in disease development. Using rat and human derived cardiomyocytes, we identify a previously unobserved transcriptional capacity for cardiac KChIP2 critical in maintaining electrical stability...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play an important role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. miRNAs are involved in the regulation of many biological processes such as differentiation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. miRNAs are expressed in embryonic, postnatal, and adult hearts, and they have a key role in the regulation of gene expression during cardiovascular development and disease. Aberrant expression of miRNAs is associated with abnormal cardiac cell differentiation and dysfunction...

BACKGROUND: Advances in the understanding of cardiovascular pathogenesis have highlighted that inflammation plays a central role in atherosclerotic coronary heart disease. Therefore, exploring pharmacologically based anti-inflammatory treatments to be used in cardiovascular therapeutics is worthwhile to promote the discovery of novel ways of treating cardiovascular disorders. METHODS: The myocardial cell line H9c2(2-1) was exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in culture and resulted in a cellular pro-inflammation status...

Aquaporin-1 (AQP1) is expressed in human and mouse hearts, but little is known about its cellular and subcellular localization and regulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the localization of AQP1 in the mouse heart and to determine the effects of ischemia and hypoxia on its expression. Mouse myocardial cells were freshly isolated and split into cardiomyocyte and non-cardiomyocyte fractions. Isolated, Langendorff-perfused C57Bl6 mouse hearts (n=46) were harvested with no intervention, subjected to 35min of ischemia or ischemia followed by 60min of reperfusion...

MicroRNAs (miRs) are small, noncoding RNAs that are emerging as crucial regulators of cardiac remodeling in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and failure (LVF). However, there are no data on their role in right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) and failure (RVF). This is a critical question given that the RV is uniquely at risk in patients with congenital right-sided obstructive lesions and in those with systemic RVs. We have developed a murine model of RVH and RVF using pulmonary artery constriction (PAC). miR microarray analysis of RV from PAC vs...

BACKGROUND: Cell therapy with bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMCs) can improve recovery of cardiac function after ischemia; however, the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression and modulate the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS: We demonstrated that intramyocardial delivery of BMCs in infarcted mice regulates the expression of cardiac miRNAs and significantly downregulates the proapoptotic miR-34a...

Organ patterning during embryonic development requires precise temporal and spatial regulation of protein activity. microRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs that typically inhibit protein expression, are broadly important for proper development, but their individual functions during organogenesis are largely unknown. We report that miR-138 is expressed in specific domains in the zebrafish heart and is required to establish appropriate chamber-specific gene expression patterns. Disruption of miR-138 function led to ventricular expansion of gene expression normally restricted to the atrio-ventricular valve region and, ultimately, to disrupted ventricular cardiomyocyte morphology and cardiac function...