Cold injury

BACKGROUND: Heart transplant (HT) in recipients with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is associated with poor early post-HT outcomes, including primary graft dysfunction (PGD). As complicated heart explants in recipients with LVADs may produce longer ischemic times, innovations in donor heart preservation may yield improved post-HT outcomes. The SherpaPak Cardiac Transport System is an organ preservation technology that maintains donor heart temperatures between 4 °C and 8 °C, which may minimize ischemic and cold-induced graft injuries...

BACKGROUND: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is an important cause of early dysfunction and exacerbation of immune rejection in transplanted hearts. The integrin-related protein CD47 exacerbates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting the nitric oxide signaling pathway through interaction with thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). In addition, the preservation quality of the donor hearts is a key determinant of transplant success. Preservation duration beyond four hours is associated with primary graft dysfunction...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim. has been used traditionally in Asia. It can dispel wind and cold, tonify the kidney, and strengthen bones and tendons. However, adverse effects of E. sagittatum have been reported, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate liver injury caused by an aqueous extract of E. sagittatum in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice and explore its potential mechanisms...

BACKGROUND: Hypothermic liver perfusion decreases ischemia/reperfusion injury during hepatectomy under standard total vascular exclusion (TVE) of the liver. This surgery needs venovenous bypass and is hampered by high morbi-mortality. TVE preserving the inferior vena cava (IVC) flow is hemodynamically well tolerated but remains limited in duration when performed under liver normothermia. The objective of this study was to report the results of TVE preserving the caval flow, modified to allow hypothermic liver perfusion and obviate splanchnic congestion...

The human health consequences of climate change and extreme weather events are well documented. Published literature details the unique effects and necessary adaptation planning for people with physical disabilities in general; however, the specific impacts and plans for people with limb loss have yet to be explored. In this article, we discuss the impacts related to threats due to heat, cold, severe storms, and power outages. We describe how climate change uniquely affects people with limb loss and underscore the need for rehabilitation care providers and researchers to: (1) study the health impacts of climate change on people with lower limb loss; (2) educate themselves and patients on the climate crisis and climate preparedness; (3) co-develop resiliency strategies with patients, governments, and community organizations to improve adaptive capacity; and (4) advocate for policy changes that will enact protections for this at-risk population...

This article examines the care provided for the welfare of soldiers by the three combatant countries - China, Korea and Japan - during the East Asian War of 1592-8. Also known as the Imjin War, this large-scale military conflict can also be understood as an encounter between different state cultures and strategies of military medicine. This study focuses on cold-induced injuries, epidemic outbreaks and external wounds suffered during the war. I illuminate provision of prophylactic measures against cold by the Ming state, as well as attempts by the Sino-Chosŏn medical alliance to manage epidemics and treat wounded soldiers...

INTRODUCTION: Neonatal sepsis is a devastating inflammatory condition that remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Milk fat globule-EGF-factor VIII (MFG-E8) is a glycoprotein that reduces inflammation, whereas extracellular cold-inducible RNA binding protein (eCIRP) worsens inflammation. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic potential of a novel MFG-E8-derived oligopeptide 3 (MOP3) designed to clear eCIRP and protect against inflammation, organ injury, and mortality in neonatal sepsis...

Hypothermic Oxygenated machine PErfusion (HOPE) has recently emerged as a preservation technique which can reduce ischemic injury and improve clinical outcomes following liver transplantation. First developed with the advent solid organ transplantation techniques, hypothermic machine perfusion largely fell out of favour following the development of preservation solutions which can satisfactorily preserve grafts using the cheap and simple method, static cold storage (SCS). However, with an increasing need to develop techniques to reduce graft injury and better utilise marginal and donation after circulatory death (DCD) grafts, HOPE has emerged as a relatively simple and safe technique to optimise clinical outcomes following liver transplantation...

BACKGROUND: Islet transplantation is a promising therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes. However, ischemic injury to the donor islets during cold preservation leads to reduced islet quality and compromises transplant outcome. Several studies imply that liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has a positive effect on promoting islet survival, but its impact on islet cold-ischemic injury remains unexplored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether liraglutide can improve islet transplantation efficacy by inhibiting cold-ischemic injury and to explore the underlying mechanisms...

Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) is a rare but life-threatening acute illness that can occur in otherwise healthy athletes and individuals. Also known as immersion pulmonary edema, SIPE presents in swimmers, snorkelers, and SCUBA divers. It occurs in persons under heavy exertion in cold water temperatures, leading to coughing, shortness of breath, and sometimes blood-tinged sputum. Under these conditions, there is increased pulmonary vascular pressure, which may ultimately lead to pulmonary edema. This article synthesizes the latest data on the prevalence, pathophysiology, etiology, risks, short- and long-term complications, and the efficacy of supportive medical treatment interventions...

Nail gun injuries to the hand are an increasingly common encounter amongst those in the construction injury and a frequent presentation to the emergency department. Despite their frequency, nail gun injuries rarely involve significant structural injury. We present a rare case of severe injury by a barbed nail to the median nerve requiring surgical exploration. At our latest follow up 14 months post-operatively, the patient had ongoing sensory and motor deficits, cold intolerance and reduced proprioception and range of motion at the index finger...

Service restrictions refer to temporary or permanent bans of individuals from a program or an organization's services, and are widely used in emergency shelter systems. Limited research exists on how service restrictions unfold and their impacts on people experiencing homelessness. This qualitative study used in-depth interviews with timeline mapping to examine the antecedents and consequences of service restrictions from emergency shelters among people experiencing homelessness in two cities in Ontario, Canada...

AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic applications of stigmasterol for treating neuropathic pain. METHODS: Related mechanisms were investigated by DRG single-cell sequencing analysis and the use of specific inhibitors in cellular experiments. In animal experiments, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group, CCI group, ibuprofen group, and stigmasterol group. We performed behavioral tests, ELISA, H&E staining and immunohistochemistry, and western blotting...

Cold-induced injuries severely limit opportunities and outcomes of hypothermic therapies and organ preservation, calling for better understanding of cold adaptation. Here, by surveying cold-altered chromatin accessibility and integrated CUT&Tag/RNA-seq analyses in human stem cells, we reveal forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) as a key transcription factor for autonomous cold adaptation. Accordingly, we find a nonconventional, temperature-sensitive FOXO1 transport mechanism involving the nuclear pore complex protein RANBP2, SUMO-modification of transporter proteins Importin-7 and Exportin-1, and a SUMO-interacting motif on FOXO1...

The major latex proteins/ripening-related proteins are a subfamily of the Bet v 1 protein superfamily and are commonly involved in plant development and responses to various stresses. However, the functions of MLPs in the postharvest cold storage of fruits remain uninvestigated. Herein, we identified 30 MLP genes in the peach (Prunus persica) genome that were clustered into three subgroups. Chromosomal location analysis revealed that the PpMLP genes were unevenly distributed on five of the eight peach chromosomes...

Hypothermia is a critical consequence of extreme cold exposure that increases the risk of cold-related injury and death in humans. While the initiation of cytoprotective mechanisms including the process of autophagy and the heat shock response (HSR) is crucial to cellular survival during periods of stress, age-related decrements in these systems may underlie cold-induced cellular vulnerability in older adults. Moreover, whether potential sex-related differences in autophagic regulation influence the human cold stress response remain unknown...

RNA-binding motif protein 3 (RBM3), as a cold-inducible protein, exhibits neuroprotective function in brain disorders. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of RBM3 on acute brain injury (ABI) and its underlying mechanism. The cerebral injury (CI) rat model and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) cell model were established. The neurological severity score, wire-grip score, morris water maze test, and Y-maze test were used to detect the neurological damage, vestibular motor, learning, and memory functions...

CONTEXT: Clinical adoption of ex situ liver perfusion is growing. While hypothermic perfusion protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in marginal grafts, normothermic perfusion enables organ viability assessment and therefore selection of borderline grafts. The combination of hypothermic and normothermic perfusion, known as "cold-to-warm," may be the optimal sequence for organ preservation, but is difficult to achieve with most commercial perfusion systems. We developed an adaptable customized circuit allowing uninterrupted "cold-to-warm" perfusion and conducted preclinical studies on healthy porcine livers and discarded human livers to demonstrate the circuit's efficacy...

Background: Nephrectomy with autotransplantation (NAT) has been performed as an alternative treatment for complex renovascular lesions, intricate ureteral strictures and nephron-sparing surgery in complex renal tumors. Methods : A retrospective observational study was conducted including patients who underwent a NAT from January 2010 to September 2023. Data collected included surgery indications, surgical technique, complications according to Clavien-Dindo classification and mean hospital stay. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics version 28...

Banana is a typical cold-sensitive fruit; it is prone to chilling injury (CI), resulting in a quality deterioration and commodity reduction. However, the molecular mechanism underlying CI development is unclear. In this study, cold storage (7 °C for 5 days) was used to induce CI symptoms in bananas. As compared with the control storage (22 °C for 5 days), cold storage increased the CI index and cell membrane permeability. Moreover, we found that the expression levels of the WRKY transcription factor MaWRKY70 were increased consistently with the progression of CI development...