keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528026/pharmacokinetic-and-pharmacodynamic-evaluation-study-of-etomidate-a-randomized-open-label-2-period-crossover-study-in-healthy-chinese-subjects
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ying Ding, Nan-Nan Chu, Rui Wang, Wei Qin, Yun-Fei Shi, Zhen-Zhong Qian, Bo Liu, Qing He
Etomidate is a sedative and hypnotic drug through intravenous administration that act on the central nervous system through GABA (Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid) receptors, which is widely used in anesthesia induction and maintenance and long-term sedation in severe patients. The study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of two etomidate fat emulsions after administration through the intravenous infusion pump in healthy Chinese subjects. A randomized, open-label, 2-period crossover study was performed in 52 healthy subjects...
March 25, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527849/adjunctive-pascolizumab-in-rifampicin-susceptible-pulmonary-tuberculosis-proof-of-concept-partially-randomised-double-blind-placebo-controlled-dose-escalation-trial
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas I Paton, Meera Gurumurthy, Qingshu Lu, Francesca Leek, Philip Kwan, Hiromi W L Koh, James Molton, Lalaine Mortera, Sullian Naval, Zamzurina Abu Bakar, Yong-Kek Pang, Lionel Lum, Tow Keang Lim, Gail B Cross, Ganesh Lekurwale, Hyungwon Choi, Veonice Au, John Connolly, Martin Hibberd, Justin A Green
BACKGROUND: Interleukin-4 (IL-4), increased in tuberculosis infection, may impair bacterial killing. Blocking IL-4 confers benefit in animal models. We evaluated safety and efficacy of pascolizumab (humanised anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody) as adjunctive tuberculosis treatment. METHODS: Participants with rifampicin-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis received a single intravenous infusion of pascolizumab or placebo; and standard 6-month tuberculosis treatment. Pascolizumab dose increased in successive cohorts: [1] non-randomised 0...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527738/-expert-consensus-on-the-whole-course-management-of-implantable-venous-access-port-in-the-upper-arm-of-cancer-patients-2023-edition
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
With the widespread application of ultrasound-guided Sedinger puncture techniques and intracardiac electrocardiogram positioning technology, implantable intravenous drug delivery device (IVAP) in the upper arm has been recognized by the majority of medical personnel and cancer patients due to its advantages of hiding scars and completely avoiding the risk of hemothorax and pneumothorax. In order to standardize the clinical application of IVAP via the upper arm approach in cancer patients, improve the success rate of implantation, reduce complications and improve patient satisfaction, the Breast Cancer Expert Committee of the National Cancer Quality Control Center consulted guidelines and the latest evidence-based evidences and established the expert consensus on the whole-course management of implantable venous access port in the upper arm of cancer patients, in order to provide reference for the standard application of IVAP in the upper arm...
March 22, 2024: Zhonghua Zhong Liu za Zhi [Chinese Journal of Oncology]
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527563/formulation-and-evaluation-of-inhaled-sildenafil-loaded-plga-microparticles-for-treatment-of-pulmonary-arterial-hypertension-pah-a-novel-high-drug-loaded-formulation-and-scalable-process-via-hot-melt-extrusion-technology-part-%C3%A2
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mashan Almutairi, Amr Hefnawy, Ahmed Almotairy, Ahmed Alobaida, Mohammed Alyahya, Abdulmajeed Althobaiti, Ahmed Adel Ali Youssef, Rasha M Elkanayati, Eman A Ashour, Hugh D C Smyth, Michael A Repka
In recent years, several techniques were employed to develop a local sustained pulmonary delivery of sildenafil citrate (SC) as an alternative for the intravenous and oral treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Most of these methods, however, need to be improved due to limitations of scalability, low yield production, low drug loading, and stability issues. In this study, we report the use of hot-melt extrusion (HME) as a scalable process for making Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles with high SC load...
March 23, 2024: International Journal of Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527076/parenteral-nutrition-at-home-long-term-parenteral-nutrition
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanessa J Kumpf, Brenda Gray, Jessica Monczka, Sarah Zeraschi, Stanislaw Klek
DISCLAIMER: In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. PURPOSE: Some diseases require that patients receive parenteral nutrition (PN) over a prolonged time period...
March 25, 2024: American Journal of Health-system Pharmacy: AJHP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526657/physical-characterization-and-bioavailability-assessment-of-5-fluorouracil-based-nanostructured-lipid-carrier-nlc-in-vitro-drug-release-hemolysis-and-permeability-modulation
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mainuddin, Anoop Kumar, Ratneshwar Kumar Ratnesh, Jay Singh, Shweta Dumoga, Nitin Sharma, Amulya Jindal
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an anticancer agent belonging to BCS Class III that exhibits poor release characteristics and low retention in the biological system. The main objective of this investigation was to develop a drug delivery system, i.e., Nanostructure Lipid Carriers (NLCs) loaded with 5-FU to prolong its biological retention through 5-FU-loaded NLCs (5-FUNLC) were designed to manipulate physicochemical characteristics and assessment of in vitro and in vivo performance. The developed NLCs underwent comprehensive characterization, including assessments for particle size, zeta potential, morphological evaluation, and FT-IR spectroscopy...
March 25, 2024: Medical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526401/how-the-food-and-drug-administration-drug-approval-process-relates-to-the-potential-approval-of-intravenous-racemic-ketamine-for-treatment-resistant-major-depression
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sheldon H Preskorn
This column focuses on the status of intravenous racemic ketamine for the treatment of patients suffering from a form of major depressive disorder that does not respond to trials of currently available biogenic amine antidepressants. To provide context, the column reviews the 3 pivotal elements of the usual Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug approval process: (1) the unmet medical need (ie, the indication) for which the drug is being developed, (2) the efficacy of the drug for that condition, and (3) the safety/tolerability of the drug...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Psychiatric Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526400/formulary-coverage-of-esketamine-and-ketamine-for-depression-in-ohio-health-insurance-marketplace-and-medicaid-plans
#28
REVIEW
Brian S Barnett
For more than 2 decades, intravenous ketamine has been demonstrated to have rapid antidepressant effects. However, access to this generic drug is limited due to insurers claiming it is "experimental" because ketamine does not have a Food and Drug Administration indication for depression. In contrast, intranasal esketamine, an enantiomer of ketamine, is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for depression and is still under patent. The goal of this column is to provide a clearer understanding of formulary coverage of these similar medications by insurers...
March 1, 2024: Journal of Psychiatric Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526075/intrathecal-injection-of-newborn-mouse-for-genome-editing-and-drug-delivery
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaona Lu, Yong-Hui Jiang
Intrathecal injection is a commonly employed procedure in both pediatric and adult clinics, serving as an effective means to administer medications and treatments. By directly delivering medications and treatments into the cerebrospinal fluid of the central nervous system, this method achieves higher localized drug concentrations while reducing systemic side-effects compared to other routes such as intravenous, subcutaneous, or intramuscular injections. Its importance extends beyond clinical settings, as intrathecal injection plays a vital role in preclinical studies focused on treating neurogenetic disorders in rodents and other large animals, including non-human primates...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526046/outcomes-by-candida-spp-in-the-restore-phase-3-trial-of-rezafungin-versus-caspofungin-for-candidemia-and-or-invasive-candidiasis
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeffrey B Locke, Chris M Pillar, Mariana Castanheira, Cecilia G Carvalhaes, David Andes, Jalal A Aram, Christina Andrzejewski, Ken Bartizal, Anita F Das, Taylor Sandison, George R Thompson, Peter G Pappas
Rezafungin is a long-acting, intravenously administered echinocandin for the treatment of candidemia and invasive candidiasis (IC). Non-inferiority of rezafungin vs caspofungin for the treatment of adults with candidemia and/or IC was demonstrated in the Phase 3 ReSTORE study based on the primary endpoints of day 14 global cure and 30-day all-cause mortality. Here, an analysis of ReSTORE data evaluating efficacy outcomes by baseline Candida species is described. Susceptibility testing was performed for Candida species using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute reference broth microdilution method...
March 25, 2024: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525634/wrong-route-drug-administration-errors-a-review-of-the-literature
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Taylor, M Blockman
Oral drug formulations and enteral feeds may inadvertently be administered intravenously. Intravenous medications may be inadvertently administered intra-arterially. These examples of wrong-route drug administration errors have the potential to cause significant organ dysfunction and even death. This narrative review aims to explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying such errors and investigate preventive strategies and potential therapeutic options.
December 4, 2023: South African Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524964/diabetic-ketoacidosis-with-the-use-of-alpelisib-in-a-patient-with-metastatic-breast-cancer-without-diabetes
#32
Lakshmi Polisetty, Sneha Teresa Selvin, Jia Wei Tan
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening medical condition. Alpelisib, a new drug used to treat phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha mutated breast cancer, is reported to cause DKA as a rare adverse effect. We present a case of alpelisib-induced DKA in a patient with metastatic breast cancer without diabetes. An 81-year-old female with a history of hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer presented to the emergency room with clinical features and blood work consistent with DKA...
April 2024: JCEM Case Rep
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524879/optimal-once-daily-busulfan-administration-in-pediatric-patients-a-simulation-based-investigation-of-intravenous-infusion-times
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yun Kim, Sungha Moon, Su-Jin Rhee
PURPOSE: Pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation undergo regular administration of intravenous busulfan as a conditioning regimen. Once-daily regimen of busulfan has been proposed as a more convenient alternative to the traditional regimen, but it may increase the risk of toxicity such as veno-occlusive disease (VOD). The study aims to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of once-daily regimens and investigate appropriate intravenous infusion times to reduce the risk of toxicity...
2024: Drug Design, Development and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524064/nebulized-versus-intravenously-administered-dexmedetomidine-for-obtunding-hemodynamic-responses-to-laryngoscopy-and-tracheal-intubation-a-randomized-double-blind-comparative-study
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akshita Singla, Rajkumar K Saraswat, Avnish Bharadwaj, Sapna Singh
Introduction Intravenous dexmedetomidine is known to cause major adverse effects such as bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart block when used as premedication for attenuation of the laryngoscopy and intubation response, limiting its routine use. Thus, it is important to study other routes of administration of dexmedetomidine. Objectives To compare the hemodynamic response and sedation score between intravenous and nebulized dexmedetomidine as premedication for the attenuation of the laryngoscopy and intubation response...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523896/a-rare-case-of-acute-methotrexate-toxicity-leading-to-bone-marrow-suppression
#35
Samreen Khuwaja, Matthew Lyons, Beenish Zulfiqar
Methotrexate is a first-line disease modifying antirheumatic drug used for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis. Bone marrow suppression is a common adverse reaction of methotrexate following its long-term use. However, low dose methotrexate is rarely associated with life-threatening bone marrow suppression. This case represents an atypical presentation of acute bone marrow suppression shortly after initiating treatment with low-dose methotrexate. A 76-year-old male patient presented with oral ulcers, poor oral intake, and acute kidney injury within 3 weeks of initiating 15 mg weekly of methotrexate for seronegative rheumatoid arthritis...
2024: Case Reports in Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523830/a-saudi-woman-with-ceftriaxone-induced-fixed-drug-eruption
#36
Rehab Y Al-Ansari, Leena Abdulrahman Almuhaish, Khaled Abdullah Hassan, Tawasoul Fadoul, Alexander Woodman
BACKGROUND: A fixed drug eruption (FDE) is an immunological cutaneous adverse reaction, classified as a cutaneous adverse drug reaction (CADR) and characterized by well-defined lichenoid lesions that occur at the same site each time. Ceftriaxone is a third-generation antibiotic of cephalosporin antibiotics of the beta-lactam antibiotic family, which has typical in vitro activity against many Gram-negative aerobic bacteria. This is the first clinical case from Saudi Arabia and the fifth in the world to document a woman's experience with recurrent FDE after repeated ceftriaxone use...
2024: Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523822/infected-femoral-artery-pseudoaneurysm-ligation-and-revascularisation-a-case-report
#37
Mohammed Alsagheer Alhewy, Ehab Abd Elmoneim Ghazala, Hassan Gado, Wael Abdo Abdo Abd-Elgawad, Ahmed Atef Khamis
KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Although ligating femoral pseudoaneurysm is a safe procedure, some cases require revascularization, and the appropriate treatment should be tailored to the patient. ABSTRACT: In this case report, we highlight the challenge in treating infected femoral artery pseudoaneurysm. The patient, a 37-year-old male intravenous drug abuser, presented to the emergency department with a 2-month history of a progressively growing lump over his right groin...
March 2024: Clinical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523539/the-metabolism-of-the-new-benzodiazepine-remimazolam
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wolfgang Schmalix, Karl-Uwe Petersen, Marija Pesic, Thomas Stöhr
BACKGROUND: Remimazolam (RMZ) is a novel ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine used for sedation by intravenous administration. The pharmacophore of RMZ includes a carboxyl ester group sensitive to esterase- mediated hydrolysis, which is the primary path of metabolic elimination. However, for the sake of drug safety, a deeper and broader knowledge of the involved metabolic pathways and the evolving metabolites is required. Information is needed on both humans and experimental animals to evaluate the possibility that humans form harmful metabolites not encountered in animal toxicity studies...
March 21, 2024: Current Drug Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523318/stenotrophomonas-maltophilia-neonatal-sepsis-a-case-report
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Williams Oluwatosin Adefila, Isaac Osie, Modou Lamin Keita, Baleng Mahama Wutor, Abdulsalam Olawale Yusuf, Ilias Hossain, Minteh Molfa, Ousman Barjo, Rasheed Salaudeen, Grant Mackenzie
BACKGROUND: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative bacteria known for causing opportunistic and nosocomial infections in humans. S. maltophilia is an emerging pathogen of concern due to it's increasing prevalence, diverse disease spectrum, intrinsic multi-drug resistance and high mortality rates in immunocompromised individuals. S. maltophilia is a rare cause of neonatal sepsis associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The bacterium's multi-drug resistance poses a considerable challenge for treatment, with various mechanisms contributing to its resistance...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521368/txb-001-a-newly-developed-polymer-conjugated-anthracycline-significantly-lower-adverse-effects-in-animal-models-of-alopecia-and-hand-foot-syndrome
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikito Hirakata, Emi Tomikawa, Chizuka Sakai, Masashi Uchida, Tsubasa Okano, Reiko Shimozono, Masakatsu Kawai, Shoichi Itaba, Lisa Munakata, Ryo Suzuki, Keiyu Oshida
Anthracycline anti-cancer drugs have been widely used in the treatment of several cancers; however, their use is limited by adverse effects (AEs). Alopecia is a common AE that is minimally invasive, but adversely affects mental health and reduces quality of life (QoL). Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a dose-limiting AE of DOXIL, a liposomal formulation of doxorubicin (DOX). Although it is not a life-threatening condition, HFS affects function and reduces QoL. TXB-001 is a new candidate polymer-conjugated anthracycline anti-cancer drug, and modified and optimized polymerized pirarubicin (THP), known as P-THP, is expected to have low toxicity and high efficacy...
March 21, 2024: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
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