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RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Adrian R Parry-Jones, Katie Stocking, Mary Joan MacLeod, Brian Clarke, David J Werring, Keith W Muir, Andy Vail
PURPOSE: Recombinant human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra) is an anti-inflammatory with efficacy in animal models of stroke. We tested the effect of anakinra on perihaematomal oedema in acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and explored effects on inflammatory markers. METHODS: We conducted a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with acute, spontaneous, supratentorial ICH between May 2019 and February 2021. Patients were randomised to 100 mg subcutaneous anakinra within 8 h of onset, followed by five, 12-hourly, 100 mg subcutaneous injections, or matched placebo...
September 2023: European Stroke Journal
#22
Erola Pairo-Castineira, Konrad Rawlik, Andrew D Bretherick, Ting Qi, Yang Wu, Isar Nassiri, Glenn A McConkey, Marie Zechner, Lucija Klaric, Fiona Griffiths, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Athanasios Kousathanas, Anne Richmond, Jonathan Millar, Clark D Russell, Tomas Malinauskas, Ryan Thwaites, Kirstie Morrice, Sean Keating, David Maslove, Alistair Nichol, Malcolm G Semple, Julian Knight, Manu Shankar-Hari, Charlotte Summers, Charles Hinds, Peter Horby, Lowell Ling, Danny McAuley, Hugh Montgomery, Peter J M Openshaw, Colin Begg, Timothy Walsh, Albert Tenesa, Carlos Flores, José A Riancho, Augusto Rojas-Martinez, Pablo Lapunzina, Jian Yang, Chris P Ponting, James F Wilson, Veronique Vitart, Malak Abedalthagafi, Andre D Luchessi, Esteban J Parra, Raquel Cruz, Angel Carracedo, Angie Fawkes, Lee Murphy, Kathy Rowan, Alexandre C Pereira, Andy Law, Benjamin Fairfax, Sara Clohisey Hendry, J Kenneth Baillie
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
July 11, 2023: Nature
#23
Brittany P Marshall, Xavier E Ferrer, Jennifer A Kunes, Astia C Innis, Andrew J Luzzi, Lynn Ann Forrester, Kevin G Burt, Andy J Lee, Lee Song, Clark T Hung, William N Levine, David Kovacevic, Stavros Thomopoulos
UNLABELLED: Rotator cuff injuries result in over 500,000 surgeries performed annually, an alarmingly high number of which fail. These procedures typically involve repair of the injured tendon and removal of the subacromial bursa. However, recent identification of a resident population of mesenchymal stem cells and inflammatory responsiveness of the bursa to tendinopathy indicate an unexplored biological role of the bursa in the context of rotator cuff disease. Therefore, we aimed to understand the clinical relevance of bursa-tendon crosstalk, characterize the biologic role of the bursa within the shoulder, and test the therapeutic potential for targeting the bursa...
July 2, 2023: bioRxiv
#24
Frances Tiffany Cava Morden, Clark Gianni Caballero, Maveric Abella, Andie Conching, Hannah Gang, Thomas Noh
BACKGROUND: Surgical decompression for the treatment of chronic subdural hematomas (cSDHs) is irrefutably effective; however, its utility in managing cSDH in patients with comorbid coagulopathy remains controversial. The optimal threshold for platelet transfusion in cSDH management is <100,000/mm3 , according to guidelines from the American Association of Blood Banks GRADE framework. This threshold may be unachievable in refractory thrombocytopenia, though surgical intervention may still be warranted...
2023: Surgical Neurology International
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andy J Lee, Lianna R Gangi, Fereshteh Zandkarimi, Brent R Stockwell, Clark T Hung
OBJECTIVE: The detrimental effects of blood exposure on articular tissues are well characterized, but the individual contributions of specific whole blood components are yet to be fully elucidated. Better understanding of mechanisms that drive cell and tissue damage in hemophilic arthropathy will inform novel therapeutic strategies. The studies here aimed to identify the specific contributions of intact and lysed red blood cells (RBCs) on cartilage and the therapeutic potential of Ferrostatin-1 in the context of lipid changes, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis...
June 24, 2023: Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zoe Drayson
Brains begin with complete models of the world and work backward to anticipate sensory data, argues a philosopher.
June 16, 2023: Science
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentina Pucino, Meriam Nefla, Vincent Gauthier, Ghada Alsaleh, Sally A Clayton, Jennifer Marshall, Andrew Filer, Andy R Clark, Karim Raza, Christopher D Buckley
INTRODUCTION: The synovial membrane is the main site of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here several subsets of fibroblasts and macrophages, with distinct effector functions, have been recently identified. The RA synovium is hypoxic and acidic, with increased levels of lactate as a result of inflammation. We investigated how lactate regulates fibroblast and macrophage movement, IL-6 secretion and metabolism via specific lactate transporters. METHODS: Synovial tissues were taken from patients undergoing joint replacement surgery and fulfilling the 2010 ACR/EULAR RA criteria...
2023: Frontiers in Immunology
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erola Pairo-Castineira, Konrad Rawlik, Andrew D Bretherick, Ting Qi, Yang Wu, Isar Nassiri, Glenn A McConkey, Marie Zechner, Lucija Klaric, Fiona Griffiths, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Athanasios Kousathanas, Anne Richmond, Jonathan Millar, Clark D Russell, Tomas Malinauskas, Ryan Thwaites, Kirstie Morrice, Sean Keating, David Maslove, Alistair Nichol, Malcolm G Semple, Julian Knight, Manu Shankar-Hari, Charlotte Summers, Charles Hinds, Peter Horby, Lowell Ling, Danny McAuley, Hugh Montgomery, Peter J M Openshaw, Colin Begg, Timothy Walsh, Albert Tenesa, Carlos Flores, José A Riancho, Augusto Rojas-Martinez, Pablo Lapunzina, Jian Yang, Chris P Ponting, James F Wilson, Veronique Vitart, Malak Abedalthagafi, Andre D Luchessi, Esteban J Parra, Raquel Cruz, Angel Carracedo, Angie Fawkes, Lee Murphy, Kathy Rowan, Alexandre C Pereira, Andy Law, Benjamin Fairfax, Sara Clohisey Hendry, J Kenneth Baillie
Critical illness in COVID-19 is an extreme and clinically homogeneous disease phenotype that we have previously shown1 to be highly efficient for discovery of genetic associations2 . Despite the advanced stage of illness at presentation, we have shown that host genetics in patients who are critically ill with COVID-19 can identify immunomodulatory therapies with strong beneficial effects in this group3 . Here we analyse 24,202 cases of COVID-19 with critical illness comprising a combination of microarray genotype and whole-genome sequencing data from cases of critical illness in the international GenOMICC (11,440 cases) study, combined with other studies recruiting hospitalized patients with a strong focus on severe and critical disease: ISARIC4C (676 cases) and the SCOURGE consortium (5,934 cases)...
May 2023: Nature
#29
REVIEW
Julia Gauly, Rachel Court, Graeme Currie, Kate Seers, Aileen Clarke, Andy Metcalfe, Anna Wilson, Matthew Hazell, Amy Louise Grove
BACKGROUND: Healthcare systems invest in leadership development of surgeons, surgical trainees, and teams. However, there is no agreement on how interventions should be designed, or what components they must contain to be successful. The objective of this realist review was to generate a programme theory explaining in which context and for whom surgical leadership interventions work and why. METHODS: Five databases were systematically searched, and articles screened against inclusion considering their relevance...
May 13, 2023: Implementation Science: IS
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mary Graham, Cynthia Clark, Andie Scherer, Mark Ratner, Carl Keen
The popularity of plant-based and vegan diets has grown in recent years. While following a vegan diet has been associated with various health benefits, the intake of certain vitamins and minerals including vitamins B12 and D, calcium, and iron, are likely to be inadequate in an exclusively plant-based diet. Low nutrient intake over time can lead to nutritional deficiencies and potentially increased risk of adverse health outcomes. In this study, we analyzed a one-week meal plan comprised of vegan recipes from Forks Over Knives (FOK), an organization that promotes a low-fat, whole-food, vegan diet to prevent or reverse chronic disease...
April 2023: Curēus
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Bertuzzi, Alison Martin, Nicola Clarke, Cassandra Springate, Rachel Ashton, Wayne Smith, Andi Orlowski, Duncan McPherson
OBJECTIVES: Assess the impact of single rooms versus multioccupancy accommodation on inpatient healthcare outcomes and processes. DESIGN: Systematic review and narrative synthesis. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, Google Scholar and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence website up to 17 February 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Eligible papers assessed the effect on inpatients staying in hospital of being assigned to a either a single room or shared accommodation, except where that assignment was for a direct clinical reason like preventing infection spread...
May 5, 2023: BMJ Open
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chengchao Zuo, Cheng Wen, Graham Clarke, Andy Turner, Xinli Ke, Liangzhi You, Lanping Tang
Rapid urbanization and population growth have increased the need for grain transportation in China, as more grain is being consumed and croplands have been moved away from cities. Increased grain transportation has, in turn, led to higher energy consumption and carbon emissions. Here we undertook a model-based approach to estimate the carbon emissions associated with grain transportation in the country between 1990 and 2015. We found that emissions more than tripled, from 5.68 million tons of CO2 emission equivalent in 1990 to 17...
March 2023: Nature food
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra Stead, Dane Vishnubala, Katherine Rose Marino, Adil Iqbal, Andy Pringle, Camilla Nykjaer
OBJECTIVES: Despite the known health benefits of physical activity (PA), PA levels are in decline. Healthcare professionals, including physiotherapists, have been identified as ideal conduits to promote PA, yet their knowledge and awareness of PA guidelines are poor. The aims of this study were to explore current knowledge of PA guidelines among UK physiotherapists and identify barriers and possible solutions to delivering PA advice. DESIGN: A qualitative approach using semistructured interviews that took place between March and May 2021...
April 28, 2023: BMJ Open
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sergio Diaz-Meza, Philippe Jousset, Gilda Currenti, Christopher Wollin, Charlotte Krawczyk, Andy Clarke, Athena Chalari
Distributed Dynamic Strain Sensing (DDSS), also known as Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), is becoming a popular tool in array seismology. A new generation of engineered fibers is being developed to improve sensitivity and reduce the noise floor in comparison to standard fibers, which are conventionally used in telecommunication networks. Nevertheless, standard fibers already have extensive coverage around the Earth's surface, so it motivates the use of the existing infrastructure in DDSS surveys to avoid costs and logistics...
April 4, 2023: Sensors
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hagar M Kenawy, Samantha L Marshall, James Rogot, Andy J Lee, Clark T Hung, Nadeen O Chahine
While the anabolic effects of mechanical loading on the intervertebral disc (IVD) have been extensively studied, inflammatory responses to loading have not been as well characterized. Recent studies have highlighted a significant role of innate immune activation, particularly that of toll-like receptors (TLRs), in IVD degeneration. Biological responses of intervertebral disc cells to loading depend on many factors that include magnitude and frequency. The goals of this study were to characterize the inflammatory signaling changes in response to static and dynamic loading of IVD and investigate the contributions of TLR4 signaling in response to mechanical loading...
March 2023: Journal of Biomechanics
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andy T Clark, David Marchfield, Zheng Cao, Tong Dang, Nan Tang, Dustin Gilbert, Elise A Corbin, Kristen S Buchanan, Xuemei M Cheng
Ultrasoft magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) offer convenient real-time magnetic field control of mechanical properties that provides a means to mimic mechanical cues and regulators of cells in vitro . Here, we systematically investigate the effect of polymer stiffness on magnetization reversal of MREs using a combination of magnetometry measurements and computational modeling. Poly-dimethylsiloxane-based MREs with Young's moduli that range over two orders of magnitude were synthesized using commercial polymers Sylgard™ 527, Sylgard 184, and carbonyl iron powder...
April 2022: APL Materials
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shahriar M Khan, Ryan D Martin, Andrew Bayne, Darlaine Pétrin, Kyla Bourque, Jace Jones-Tabah, Celia Bouazza, Jacob Blaney, Jenny Lau, Kimberly Martins-Cannavino, Sarah Gora, Andy Zhang, Sarah MacKinnon, Phan Trieu, Paul B S Clarke, Jean-François Trempe, Jason C Tanny, Terence E Hébert
Gβγ subunits mediate many different signaling processes in various compartments of the cell, including the nucleus. To gain insight into the functions of nuclear Gβγ signaling, we investigated the functional role of Gβγ signaling in the regulation of GPCR-mediated gene expression in primary rat neonatal cardiac fibroblasts. We identified a novel, negative, regulatory role for the Gβ1 γ dimer in the fibrotic response. Depletion of Gβ1 led to de-repression of the fibrotic response at the mRNA and protein levels under basal conditions and an enhanced fibrotic response after sustained stimulation of the angiotensin II type I receptor...
February 23, 2023: Journal of Biological Chemistry
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matthew J Pellicore, Lianna R Gangi, Lance A Murphy, Andy J Lee, Timothy Jacobsen, Hagar M Kenawy, Roshan P Shah, Nadeen O Chahine, Gerard A Ateshian, Clark T Hung
Cartilage repair has been studied extensively in the context of injury and disease, but the joint's management of regular sub-injurious damage to cartilage, or 'wear and tear,' which occurs due to normal activity, is poorly understood. We hypothesize that this cartilage maintenance is mediated in part by cells derived from the synovium that migrate to the worn articular surface. Here, we demonstrate in vitro that the early steps required for such a process can occur. First, we show that under physiologic mechanical loads, chondrocyte death occurs in the cartilage superficial zone along with changes to the cartilage surface topography...
February 2023: Journal of Biomechanics
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clark Brown, Modupe Idowu, Richard Drachtman, Anne Beaubrun, Irene Agodoa, Andy Nguyen, Kelly Lipman, Olga Moshkovich, Ryan Murphy, M Alex Bellenger, Wally Smith
OBJECTIVE: Voxelotor is a first-in-class sickle hemoglobin-polymerization inhibitor that was approved in 2019 by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) aged ≥12 years; in 2021, the approval was extended to children with SCD aged 4 to 11 years. Additionally, both the Ministry of Health and Prevention for the United Arab Emirates and the European Commission granted marketing authorization for voxelotor in September 2021 and February 2022, respectively, for treatment of SCD in adults and pediatric patients aged ≥12 years...
2023: BioMed Research International
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda O'Brien, John Clarke, Alastair Hayton, Andy Adler, Keith Cutler, Darren J Shaw, Clare Whelan, Neil J Watt, Gordon D Harkiss
Bovine tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial disease of worldwide economic, zoonotic and welfare importance caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis infection. Current regulatory diagnostic methods lack sensitivity and require improvement. We have developed a multiplex serological test for bovine tuberculosis and here we provide an estimate of the diagnostic accuracy of the test in cattle. Positive and negative reference serum samples were obtained from animals from Europe and the United States of America. The diagnostic specificity estimate was 98...
February 1, 2023: Scientific Reports
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