Desulfurization

Selective and efficient removal of thiosulfates (S2 O3 2- ) to recover high-purity and value-added thiocyanate products by fractional crystallization process is a promising route for the resource treatment of coke oven gas desulfurization wastewater. Herein, catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO), with manganese-based oxide synthesized from spent ternary lithium-ion batteries (MnOx -LIBs), was proposed to selectively remove S2 O3 2- from desulfurization wastewater. 98.0 % of S2 O3 2- is selectively removed by the MnOx -LIBs CWAO system, which was 4...

Sulfur-containing fuels, such as petroleum fuels, natural gas, and biofuels, produce SO2 , SO3, and other highly toxic gases upon combustion, which are harmful to human health and the environment, making it essential to understand their thermochemical properties. This study used high-level quantum chemistry calculations to determine thermodynamic parameters, including entropy, enthalpy, and specific heat capacity for an extensive set of sulfur-containing species. The B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level of theory was used for geometry optimization, vibration frequency, and dihedral scan calculations...

With the increasingly strict limitations on emission standards of vehicles, deep desulfurization in fuel is indispensable for social development worldwide. In this study, a series of hybrid materials based on SiO2 -supported polyoxometalate ionic liquid were successfully prepared via a facile ball milling method and employed as catalysts in the aerobic oxidative desulfurization process. The composition and structure of prepared samples were studied by various techniques, including FT-IR, UV-vis DRS, wide-angle XRD, BET, XPS, and SEM images...

The recycling of scrap tire rubber requires high levels of energy, which poses challenges to its proper valorization. The application of rubber in construction requires significant mechanical and/or chemical treatment of scrap rubber to compatiblize it with the surrounding matrix. These methods are energy-consuming and costly and may lead to environmental concerns associated with chemical leachates. Furthermore, recent methods usually call for single-size rubber particles or a narrow rubber particle size distribution; this, in turn, adds to the pre-processing cost...

To study the total particulate matter (TPM) in flue gas emitted by coking plants, a sampling system that could be used to collect filterable particulate matter (FPM) and condensable particulate matter (CPM) was designed and developed based on Method 202 recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in 2017 and HJ 836-2017 issued by China. Using this system, FPM and CPM in flue gas emitted by four coking furnaces named A, B, C, and D were tested in China. Further, 9 water-soluble ions, 20 elements, and organic matter present in the CPM were simultaneously examined to determine their formation mechanisms...

BACKGROUND: The metabolism of cancer cells generally differs from that of normal cells. Indeed, most cancer cells have a high rate of glycolysis, even at normal oxygen concentrations. These metabolic properties can potentially be exploited for therapeutic intervention. In this context, we have developed troglitazone derivatives to treat hormone-sensitive and triple-negative breast cancers, which currently lack therapeutic targets, have an aggressive phenotype, and often have a worse prognosis than other subtypes...

Investigations regarding the preparation and durability of cement-based materials applied in specific coastal acid rain environments are scarce, particularly those involving the addition of four auxiliary cementitious materials (ACMs) to cement for modification. To improve the durability of concrete structures in coastal acid rain areas, a systematic study was conducted regarding the preparation of high-strength and corrosion-resistant cement-based materials using ACM systems composed of fly ash (FA), granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS), silica fume (SF), and desulfurization gypsum (DG) instead of partial cement...

The substantial amount of mercury emissions from coal-fired flue gas causes severe environmental contamination. With the Minamata Convention now officially in force, it is critical to strengthen mercury pollution control. Existing activated carbon injection technologies suffer from poor desulfurization performance and risk secondary-release risks. Therefore, considering the potential industrial application of adsorbents, we selected cost-effective and readily available activated coke (AC) as the carrier in this study...

In this study, we conduct simulation research on simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification in a multistaggered baffle spray scrubber. By employing two-phase flow simulations within the Euler-Lagrange framework and calculating the gas-liquid mass transfer rate with user-defined functions, we comprehensively analyzed the effects of various operational parameters. Initially, we validated our simulation model by comparing the simulation results with experimental data. Under conditions of a 0.2 mm droplet diameter, a liquid-to-gas ratio (L/G) of 12 L/m3 , and a gas flow rate of 5 CMM using a full cone nozzle, the simulation indicated a desulfurization efficiency of 99...

The title compound, C14 H12 N4 O2 ·0.5HCl·H2 O or H(C14 H12 N4 O2 )2 + ·Cl- ·2H2 O, arose from the unexpected cyclization of isonicotinoyl- N -phenyl hydrazine carbo-thio-amide catalysed by cobalt(II) acetate. The organic mol-ecule is almost planar and a symmetric N⋯H+ ⋯N hydrogen bond links two of them together, with the H atom lying on a crystallographic twofold axis. The extended structure features N-H⋯O and O-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, which generate [001] chains...

The presence of sulfur-containing compounds in fuel oil has become a major global issue due to their release of toxic sulfur dioxide. Hydrodesulfurization is a commonly used method for removing sulfur from fuel. However, new desulfurization techniques have been developed recently as hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is ineffective in removing refractory sulfur, e.g., BT, DBT, 4-MDBT. In this study, a series of deep eutectic solvent (DES) using ChCl, salicylic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and adipic acid as hydrogen bond acceptors and MeOH, EtOH, BuOH, EG, DEG, and TEG as hydrogen bond donors on different mole ratios were synthesized and then investigated the efficiency of these DESs in extracting sulfur from model and diesel fuel...

Oxidative desulfurization (ODS) emerges as a critical player in enhancing efficient fuel desulfurization and promoting sustainable clean energy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show great potential as ODS catalysts because of their exceptional porosity and versatility. This study explores the use of amorphous metal-organic frameworks (aMOFs), which combine MOFs' structural advantages with unique properties of amorphous materials, to enhance catalytic efficiency in ODS. Traditional methods for synthesizing MOFs rely on solvent-thermal or solvent-free methods, each with limitations in environmental impact or scalability...

Catalytic oxidative desulfurization (ODS) using titanium silicate catalysts has emerged as an efficient technique for the complete removal of organosulfur compounds from automotive fuels. However, the precise control of highly accessible and stable-framework Ti active sites remains highly challenging. Here we reveal for the first time by using density functional theory calculations that framework hexa-coordinated Ti (TiO6 ) species of mesoporous titanium silicates are the most active sites for ODS and lead to a lower-energy pathway of ODS...

Sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) is a harmful acidic gas generated from power plants and fossil fuel combustion and represents a significant health risk and threat to the environment. Benzimidazole-linked polymers (BILPs) have emerged as a promising class of porous solid adsorbents for toxic gases because of their chemical and thermal stability as well as the chemical nature of the imidazole moiety. The performance of BILPs in SO2 capture was examined by synergistic experimental and theoretical studies. BILPs exhibit a significantly high SO2 uptake of up to 8...

Despite the prevalence of discharge of large volumes of heavy-metal-bearing seawater from coal-fired power plants into adjacent seas, studies on the associated ecological risks remain limited. This study continuously monitored concentrations of seven heavy metals (i.e. As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) in surface seawater near the outfall of a coal-fired power plant in Qingdao, China over three years. The results showed average concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn of 2.63, 0.33, 2.97, 4.63, 0.008, 0...

Obtaining suitable adsorbents for selective separation of SO2 from flue gas still remains an important issue. A stable Zr(IV)-MOF (Zr-PTBA) can be conveniently synthesized through the self-assembly of a tetracarboxylic acid ligand (H4 L = 4,4',4'',4'''-(1,4-phenylenebis(azanetriyl))tetrabenzoic acid) and ZrCl4 in the presence of trace water. It exhibits a three-dimensional porous structure. The BET surface area is 1112.72 m2 /g and the average pore size distribution focus on 5.9, 8.0 and 9.3 Å...

Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) gypsum is a byproduct of the coal-fired power plant process commonly used to remove sulfur dioxide emissions from the flue gas. FGD gypsum has numerous industrial, agricultural, and environmental applications. This study aimed to explore a novel approach involving the use of FGD gypsum combined with different litter treatments as bedding for broiler production. It focused on performance metrics, including adjusted feed conversion ratio (AFCR) and average body weight (BW), foot pad dermatitis (FPD), and fear response over 5 consecutive flocks...

A series of silica-supported catalysts containing molybdenum, tungsten, and vanadium oxides as the active phase was investigated in the process of oxidative desulfurization with sodium hypochlorite. It was shown for the first time that catalysts containing vanadium oxide as the active phase are more stable under oxidation conditions with sodium hypochlorite and retain their effectiveness at increased dosages of the oxidant and at high initial sulfur contents. The catalysts were characterized in detail by a complex of methods: Fourier transform infrared, X-ray spectral fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption/desorption...

Often, trace impurities in a feed stream will cause failures in industrial applications. The efficient removal of such a trace impurity from industrial steams, however, is a daunting challenge due to the extremely small driving force for mass transfer. The issue lies in an activity-stability dilemma, that is, an ultrafine adsorbent that offers a high exposure of active sites is favorable for capturing species of a low concentration, but free-standing adsorptive species are susceptible to rapidly aggregating in working conditions, thus losing their intrinsic high activity...

Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives, 2-methoxybenzyl 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-carboxylate ( C1 ) 2-methoxybenzyl 5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-carboxylate ( C2 ), and methoxybenzyl 5-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-carboxylate ( C3 ) obtained through desulfurative cyclization reaction. The compound C2 was crystallized, and its crystal structure was elucidated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out to analyze, visualize and globally appreciate the weak interactions involved in crystal packing...