Xiao-Yang Chen, Aye Aye Thike, Valerie Cui Yun Koh, Nur Diyana Md Nasir, Boon Huat Bay, Puay Hoon Tan
Although microinvasion (Mi) is often thought to be an interim stage between ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and established invasive ductal carcinoma, survival outcomes and biological behaviour of DCIS-Mi are still poorly understood. This study investigated the potential influence of Mi on disease-free survival (DFS) and assessed its correlations with clinicopathological parameters, prognosis, molecular, and immune markers. CD4, CD8, forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), CD68, CD163, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and its ligand (PD-L1) expression in pure DCIS and DCIS-Mi, from a cohort of 198 patients, were determined by immunohistochemistry...
November 2, 2020: Virchows Archiv: An International Journal of Pathology