Maples, A.

We hypothesized that anthocyanins act as a sugar-buffer and an alternative electron sink during leaf senescence to prevent sugar-mediated early senescence and photoinhibition. To elucidate the anthocyanin role, we monitored seasonal changes in photosynthetic traits, sugar, starch and N contents, pigment composition, and gene expression profiles in leaves exposed to substantially different light conditions within a canopy of an adult tree of fullmoon maple (Acer japonicum). Enhancement of starch amylolysis accompanied with cessation of starch synthesis occurred in the same manner independent of light conditions...

BACKGROUND: The burden of chronic conditions is growing in Australia with people in remote areas experiencing high rates of disease, especially kidney disease. Health care in remote areas of the Northern Territory (NT) is complicated by a mobile population, high staff turnover, poor communication between health services and complex comorbid health conditions requiring multidisciplinary care. AIM: This paper aims to describe the collaborative process between research, government and non-government health services to develop an integrated clinical decision support system to improve patient care...

INTRODUCTION: Premature onset of type 2 diabetes and excess mortality are critical issues internationally, particularly in Indigenous populations. There is an urgent need for developmentally appropriate and culturally safe models of care. We describe the methods for the codesign, implementation and evaluation of enhanced models of care with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth living with type 2 diabetes across Northern Australia. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Our mixed-methods approach is informed by the principles of codesign...

In November 2022 and February 2023, CAL FIRE tree health experts examined four maples (Acer spp.) planted decades earlier in a residential setting in Elk Grove, Sacramento Co., California (USA). Three of the trees were silver maples (Acer saccharinum ) and one was a Norway maple (A. platanoides); both species are exotic to California. The trees were in an irreversible state of decline, with the canopy substantially thinned and browning. Extensive bark cankers elongating longitudinally along the stem were visible on all trees (Fig...

Winged, autorotating seeds from the genus Acer, have been the subject of study for botanists and aerodynamicists for decades. Despite this attention and the relative simplicity of these winged seeds, there are still considerable gaps in our understanding of how samara dynamics are informed by morphological features. Additionally, questions remain regarding the robustness of their dynamics to morphological alterations such as mass change by moisture or area change by damage. We here challenge the conventional approach of using wing-loading correlations and instead demonstrate the superiority of a classical aerodynamic model...

This work explores diverse novel soliton solutions due to fractional derivative, dispersive, and nonlinearity effects for the nonlinear time M-fractional paraxial wave equation. The advanced exp [-φ(ξ)] expansion method integrates the nonlinear M-fractional Paraxial wave equation for achieving creative solitonic and traveling wave envelopes to reconnoiter such dynamics. As a result, trigonometric and hyperbolic solutions have been found via the proposed method. Under the conditions of the constraint, fruitful solutions are gained and verified with the use of the symbolic software Maple 18...

Background and study aims The Bethesda ERCP Skill Assessment Tool (BESAT) is a video-based assessment tool of technical endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) skill with previously established validity evidence. We aimed to assess the discriminative validity of the BESAT in differentiating ERCP skill levels. Methods Twelve experienced ERCP practitioners from tertiary academic centers were asked to blindly rate 43 ERCP videos using the BESAT. ERCP videos consisted of native biliary cannulation and sphincterotomy and were recorded from 10 unique endoscopists of various ERCP experience (from advanced endoscopy fellow to > 10 years of ERCP experience)...

Plant species have evolved different requirements for environmental/endogenous cues to induce flowering. Originally, these varying requirements were thought to reflect the action of different molecular mechanisms. Thinking changed when genetic and molecular analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that a network of environmental and endogenous signalling input pathways converge to regulate a common set of 'floral pathway integrators'. Variation in the predominance of the different input pathways within a network can generate the diversity of requirements observed in different species...

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder characterized by a deficiency in the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, leading to the toxic accumulation of leucine, isoleucine and valine. Acute encephalopathy (AE) is a severe neurological disorder with diverse etiologies, demanding prompt identification and intervention. We present a unique case of a previously healthy teenage patient who developed AE during an influenza infection. Despite initial inconclusive investigations, the patient's condition rapidly deteriorated, requiring pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission...

To modulate the bioactivity and boost the therapeutic outcome of implantable metallic devices, biodegradable coatings based on polylactide (PLA) and graphene oxide nanosheets (nGOs) loaded with Zinforo™ (Zin) have been proposed in this study as innovative alternatives for the local management of biofilm-associated periprosthetic infections. Using a modified Hummers protocol, high-purity and ultra-thin nGOs have been obtained, as evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations...

BACKGROUND: Most research investigating the effect of suicide on loss survivors has been limited to first-degree family members. Few studies examine the impact of suicide on others outside the immediate family and the influence of relationship type and closeness on mental health. METHODS: This study used data from a sample obtained through random digit dialing (n = 805) to assess exposure to suicide loss, relationship types, perceived closeness, and mental health symptoms (prolonged grief, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder)...

Equine atypical myopathy (AM) is a severe environmental intoxication linked to the ingestion of protoxins contained in seeds and seedlings of the sycamore maple ( Acer pseudoplatanus ) in Europe. The toxic metabolites cause a frequently fatal rhabdomyolysis syndrome in grazing horses. Since these toxic metabolites can also be present in cograzing horses, it is still unclear as to why, in a similar environmental context, some horses show signs of AM, whereas others remain clinically healthy. Label-free proteomic analyses on the serum of 26 diseased AM, 23 cograzers, and 11 control horses were performed to provide insights into biological processes and pathways...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Strict adherence to a diet is an essential pillar of long-term treatment for many inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs). Tools that educate patients about dietary management can positively condition adherence and prevent morbidity. We designed a free online dietary calculation program (Odimet® , version 2.1.) for IEMs patients in 2008, updated in 2022, that provides detailed information on the content of amino acids, protein, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals in >3000 food products, including specific medical foods for IEM...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Acrodermatitis dysmetabolica (AD) describes eruptions characterized by the clinical triad of acral dermatitis, diarrhea, and alopecia. AD can be caused by various metabolic disorders, one of which is maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). We present a 2- month-old boy diagnosed with MSUD by the age of 5 days and treated with branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) restricted diet, BCAAs formula, and thiamine supplementation. He was referred to dermatology with a 3-week history of diarrhea, progressive acrodermatitis enteropathica like cutaneous eruption and hair loss over the scalp treated with topical mometasone ointment, isoleucine supplementation and leucine restriction...

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented immense challenges to health systems worldwide and significantly impacted the mental health of frontline healthcare workers. AIMS: This study drew on the experiences of frontline healthcare workers to examine organizational strategies needed to support the mental health and well-being of healthcare workers during times of crisis. METHODS: Semi-structured focus groups or individual interviews were conducted with healthcare workers to examine their perspectives on organizational strategies for enhancing staff mental health and well-being during crises...

BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation (LT) is a therapeutic option in multiple inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs), including methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), as LT reduces the risk of acute metabolic decompensations and long-term complications associated with these diseases. In certain IMDs, such as maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), domino liver transplant (DLT) is an accepted and safe method which expands the donor pool. However, only one adult case of DLT using an MMA donor liver has been reported; outcome and safety are still unknown and questioned...

An 11-month-old female infant diagnosed with classic subtype IB maple syrup urine disease underwent living donor liver transplantation. Blood samples for plasma amino acid analysis were collected during the three phases of the operation. Despite the perioperative prophylactic administration of 12.5% hypertonic dextrose solution with insulin and a 20% intralipid emulsion, the blood levels of the branched-chain amino acids increased dramatically during surgery, consistent with an acute intraoperative metabolic decompensation...

With the increased occurrences of wildfires worldwide, there has been an increase in scientific interest surrounding the chemistry of fire-derived "black" carbon (BC). Traditionally, wildfire research has assumed that condensed aromatic carbon (ConAC) is exclusively produced via combustion, and thus, ConAC is equated to BC. However, the lack of correlations between ConAC in soils or rivers and wildfire history suggests that ConAC may be produced non-pyrogenically. Here, we show quantitative evidence that this occurs during the oxidation of biomass with environmentally ubiquitous hydroxyl radicals...