Antimicrobials in dentistry

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of Odontopaste in reducing the microbial load in endodontics compared to other intracanal medicaments. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The literature was electronically searched on PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Ovid Medline and Web of Science. In-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo studies that evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of Odontopaste were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for In Vitro Studies. RESULTS: A total of four in-vitro studies were included in the systematic review...

INTRODUCTION: The increase in infectious diseases mediated by oral bacteria has been one of the most potent threats to human health, specifically to the elderly. Researchers seek to incorporate antimicrobial nanomaterials into PMMA to control the colonization of microorganisms and reduce deadly diseases. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review to answer the question: "Does graphene oxide incorporated into polymethylmethacrylate influence its antimicrobial activity?" METHODS: The electronic search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, and articles published until October 2021 were selected...

This study aimed to assess the impact of different laser irradiation modes and photosensitizer types on the bactericidal efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT). Dentin plates were prepared by sectioning the crown dentin of bovine teeth infected with Streptococcus sobrinus (n = 11). Nine aPDTs involving the combination of three 1% solutions of photosensitizers (brilliant blue, BB; acid red, AR; and methylene blue, MB) and three irradiation modes of semiconductor lasers (50 mW for 120 s, 100 mW for 60 s, and 200 mW for 30 s) were performed for each infected dentin plate, and the control consisted of the specimens not applied with aPDT...

Background According to existing literature, introducing natural antibacterial agents into glass ionomer cement (GIC) has been associated with potential negative impacts on their strength properties. Hence, this study aims to explore the antibacterial effectiveness of glass ionomer cement enriched with Acacia nilotica and subsequently assess its compressive strength characteristics. Aim The objective of the study is to assess the antimicrobial effectiveness and compressive strength of glass ionomer cement modified with Acacia nilotica ...

OBJECTIVES: Lipopeptide Biosurfactant (LB) is bacteria derived compound able to reduce surface tension between water and hydrophobic substances and exhibit antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effect of a Lipopeptide Biosurfactant (LB) on Enterococcus faecalis, and its potential use in root canal treatment, either as a standalone irrigation solution or in conjunction with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). METHODS: LB was extracted from Bacillus clausii isolate and the dry extract was diluted in deionized water...

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Denture base materials are highly susceptible to microbial colonization, which can lead to denture stomatitis. In addition, patients who sleep with their dentures have an increased chance of contracting pneumonia. Commercially available antimicrobial denture base materials to prevent or combat microbial colonization are lacking. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the effects of K18 quaternary ammonium methacryloxy silane-functionalized filler (K18-Filler) and methyl methacrylate (K18-MMA) on the polymerization of 3D printed denture base material and its esthetic, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties...

AIM: Amnion and chorion membranes possess unique inherited biological properties that enhance wound healing and may accelerate periodontal regeneration. The present study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of amnion and chorion membranes in the treatment of furcation defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 patients were selected and were randomly allocated to group I and group II with 10 subjects in each group. Amnion and chorion membranes are placental-derived membranes that accelerate regeneration by having natural growth factors with their antimicrobial and inflammation reduction properties...

AIM: The study aims is to evaluate the antibacterial effect of vitamin D3 against the red complex bacteria , Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia in chronic periodontitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 98 participants with chronic periodontitis. All clinical parameters including plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and a microbiological assay of P...

In this study, our objective was to conduct a comprehensive phytochemical analysis, determine toxicity levels, and assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of extracts derived from the leaves of Dipteryx alata Vogel, a native species of the Brazilian cerrado flora. Three distinct extracts were prepared utilizing assisted ultrasound and the Soxhlet apparatus, namely, Ultrasound Crude Extract (UCE), Soxhlet Crude Extract (SCE), and the Soxhlet Ethanol Extract (SEE). The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phytosterols, and saponins in all extracts...

Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) functions as a protease inhibitor that modulates excessive proteolysis in the body, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, regulates inflammatory responses, and plays an important role in the innate immunity. The purpose of the study was to artificially synthesize a SLPI, an antimicrobial peptide, and investigate its effect on antimicrobial activity against Porphyromonas gingivalis and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. SLPI protein with a molecular weight of approximately 13 kDa was artificially synthesized using a cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) system and investigated by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)...

Advancements in nanochemistry have led to the development of engineered gold nanostructures (GNSs) with remarkable potential for a variety of dental healthcare applications. These innovative nanomaterials offer unique properties and functionalities that can significantly improve dental diagnostics, treatment, and overall oral healthcare applications. This review provides an overview of the latest advancements in the design, synthesis, and application of GNSs for dental healthcare applications. Engineered GNSs have emerged as versatile tools, demonstrating immense potential across different aspects of dentistry, including enhanced imaging and diagnosis, prevention, bioactive coatings, and targeted treatment of oral diseases...

BACKGROUND: Evaluate the effects of incorporating silica-coated silver nanoparticles (Ag@SiO2 NPs) into odontological clinic resin materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Silver nanoparticles coated with silicon dioxide were added to the experimental resin matrix at 1, 3, and 5wt%. Degree of conversion (DC), optical properties (total transmittance and color change), and microstructural analysis were evaluated. Materials were tested for silver ion release, cytotoxicity in dental pulp fibroblasts, Streptococcus mutans biofilm growth by Colony-Forming Unit (CFU) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)...

BACKGROUND: Challenges in the root canal system, such as isthmus, may limit the action of endodontic equipment and irrigation solutions, so using laser agitation is recommended to upgrade the removal of microbial biofilm. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the laser in photon-induced photoacoustic streaming protocol agitation of 2% chlorohexidine gluconate in removing mature biofilm in complex root canal systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventy-five mesial roots of the lower first and second molars were separated and cultivated with Enterococcus faecalis bacteria for 30 days (except for the negative control group samples)...

Introduction Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a promising material in dentistry, leveraging its exceptional properties. This study evaluates the physicochemical attributes of GO and elucidates its derived biological properties. These encompass biocompatibility, antibacterial efficacy, as well as its influence on osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation processes. Understanding the intricate interplay between the physicochemical and biological aspects of GO provides valuable insights into its potential applications in various dental contexts...

BACKGROUND: Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) is the commonly used intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis . Amoxicillin clavulanate paste (ACP) is recommended as a "fall-back" antibiotic when traditional dental antibiotics fail. Literature comparing the antimicrobial efficacy of TAP and ACP in eradicating E. faecalis from the root canal system is sparse; hence, this in vitro study was conducted to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of TAP and ACP as an intracanal medicament for endodontic treatment of single-rooted permanent teeth against E...

Oral diseases are one of the biggest public health problems worldwide, caused by opportunistic pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis . Cyperus articulatus (priprioca) is a plant conventionally used in traditional medicine in the Amazon region. However, little is known about the possible dentistry-related uses of extracts from the rhizomes and solid waste generated by the extraction of essential oils from this vegetable. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of volatile compounds and antimicrobial activity through the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration test (MIC and assessment of the toxicity by Hens Egg Test-Chorion Allantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) of the ethanolic extracts from Cyperus articulatus intact rhizomes and solid waste...

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The choice of cleaning method is an important consideration for lengthening the serviceable time of facial prostheses as microbial organisms and biofilms could degrade facial prostheses and cause skin irritation. Whether microwave disinfection is a suitable cleaning method without degradation of the properties of a prosthesis is unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the color stability of 6 commonly used facial silicone elastomers after microwave disinfection over a simulated 1...

BACKGROUND: In order to achieve uneventful and rapid healing of the tissues, a suture material should be biocompatible, easy to handle, sterile, and have good and uniform tensile strength. Hence, in the present study, characterization of the suture materials was done through a novel green chemistry approach using Punica granatum seed extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ethanolic extract of P. granatum seed was prepared by dissolving 25 g of P. granatum seed powder with 100 mL of ethanol...

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of topical applications containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer filler on dental hard tissues. DATA SOURCES: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, Lilacs and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (until 15.08.2022). Google and Open Grey were used to search for grey literature and handsearching was conducted...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with various oral manifestations, including ulceration, white keratotic plaques, oral discoid lupus erythematosus, oral lichen planus (OLP)-like lesions, non-specific erythema, purpura, petechiae, and cheilitis, which resemble lesions of other systemic diseases. Recognizing the oral manifestation of SLE is essential for comprehensive patient management. This study reports 4 cases of SLE with various oral lesions, underlying conditions and diagnostic methods...