Arthrospira platensis

Photosystem I (PSI) generates the most negative redox potential found in nature, and the performance of solar energy conversion into alternative energy sources in artificial systems highly depends on the thermal stability of PSI. Thus, understanding thermal denaturation is an important prerequisite for the use of PSI at elevated temperatures. To assess the thermal stability of surfactant-solubilized PSI from cyanobacteria Arthrospira Platensis, the synergistic denaturation effect of heat and surfactant was studied...

The genus Arthrospira has a long history of being used as a food source in different parts of the world. Its mass cultivation for production of food supplements and additives has contributed to a more detailed study of several species of this genus. In contrast, the type species of the genus (A. jenneri), has scarcely been studied. This work adopts a polyphasic approach to thoroughly investigate environmental samples of A. jenneri, whose persistent bloom was noticed in an urban reservoir in Poland, Central Europe...

This research evaluated the effect of the simultaneous substitution of fish meal and fish oil at 0, 30, 50, 70 and 100% (termed SS0, SS30, SS50, SS70 and SS100, respectively) with both Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and linseed oil. The effect on growth, colour, fatty acid (FA) profile, and liver and muscle antioxidant response in mullets (Mugil liza) were evaluated. A full substitution was not possible due to a final body weight reduction (p < 0.05). The colorimetric analyses showed an improvement in fillet colouration (p < 0...

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis (SP) microalgae were cultured in Zarrouk medium (ZM), containing three nitrogen concentrations (N-limited, N-optimal and N-rich medium) in ten liter-photo-bioreactor (10 L PBR) for 15-days, in order to study changes in lipid compounds (total carotenoids and total lipids and their effect on fatty acid profile). Based on US patent, the yield of bioactive compounds (such as gamma-linolenic acid GLA, C18:3) extracted from microalgae biomass, mainly depends on the extraction processes (1)...

Glycogen-enriched biomass of Arthrospira platensis has increasingly gained attention as a source for bioethanol production. To study the metabolic capabilities of glycogen production in A. platensis C1, a genome-scale metabolic model (GEM) could be a useful tool for predicting cellular behavior and suggesting strategies for glycogen overproduction. New experimentally validated GEM of A. platensis C1 namely i AK888, which has improved metabolic coverage and functionality was employed in this research. The i AK888 is a fully functional compartmentalized GEM consisting of 888 genes, 1,096 reactions, and 994 metabolites...

The exploration of new food sources and natural products is the result of the increase in world population as well as the need for a healthier diet; in this context, microalgae are undoubtedly an interesting solution. With the intent to enhance their value in new commercial applications, this paper aims to characterize microalgae that have already been recognized as safe or authorized as additives for humans and animals ( Chlorella vulgaris , Arthrospira platensis , Haematococcus pluvialis , Dunaliella salina ) as well as those that have not yet been marketed ( Scenedesmus almeriensis and Nannocholoropsis sp...

Extraction of chlorophylls has received scant attention or priority over phycobiliproteins from Arthrospira platensis. In fact extraction of chlorophylls from spent biomass (left after extraction of phycobiliproteins which goes as waste or underutilized) on drying, will improve the economics of the overall downstream processing. Ethanol (yield 5.75 mg/g, db), being a food grade solvent, was preferred over acetone and dimethyl sulfoxide in spite of their slightly better yields (5.85 mg/g, db). The best conditions were 100% concentration of ethanol, 1:8 S/L ratio, pH 6, 50 °C temperature and 1 h extraction time...

Membrane-bound Δ9 desaturase perform oxygenated desaturation reactions to insert the first double bonds within fatty acyl chains between C9 and C10 positions of most saturated substrates. Arthrospira platensis, a blue green microalga, is an important source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids lending benefits and functions in dietetics and therapeutic uses. In this paper, we report homology modeling and docking studies of a Δ9 desaturase from Arthrospira platensis strain...

The planktonic blue-green microalga Spirulina (Arthrospira) platensis possesses important features (e.g., high protein and vital lipids contents as well as essential vitamins) and can be consumed by humans and animals. Accordingly, this microalga gained growing attention as a new platform for producing edible-based pharmaceutical proteins. However, there are limited successful strategies for the transformation of S. platensis, in part because of an efficient expression of strong endonucleases in its cytoplasm...

In order to clarify vortex mechanisms under a turbulent flow field to explain enhanced biomass productivity, computational fluid dynamics and a miniature Doppler velocimeter were employed to investigate the promoted vorticity magnitude and turbulent kinetic energy to support the increased actual photochemical efficiency of Arthrospira platensis in a raceway pond with alternatively permutated conic baffles. Results showed that whereas the first two parameters increased by 5.9 and 13.9 times, respectively, the third rose on an average by 28% to the value of 0...

Oxidative damage has been proposed as a possible mechanism involved in lead toxicity. This study aimed at investigating the possible protective effect of dietary Arthrospira platensis supplementation against lead acetate-induced kidney injury in adult rats. We took adult male rats as models. Rats were divided into 4 groups: Normal rats (control rats, C), rats treated with spirulina (S), rats treated with lead (0.344 g/kg body weight) (Pb), and rats treated with Pb associated with 5% Spirulina (S+Pb). The exposure of rats to Pb for 30 days provoked renal damages with a significant increase in hematological parameters, oxidative stress-related parameters (ie, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, protein carbonyl, advanced oxidation protein products and hydrogen peroxide), creatinine and urea levels in plasma and uric acid level in urine...

Arthrospira platensis is the widely available source of spirulina that contains distinctive natural pigments, including carotenoids and C-phycocyanin (C-PC). In this study, the major carotenoid and C-PC contents were determined in seven commercially available spirulina powder products and laboratory-prepared A. platensis trichomes (AP-1) by an LC-DAD method and UV-Visible spectrometry, respectively. The correlation of these two pigment content levels with Hunter color coordinates and antioxidant activity was also evaluated...

In the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH, EC 1.1.1.44) is one of the enzymes that catalyzes reactions generating NADPH. The model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is widely studied for numerous applications; however, biochemical knowledge of the NADPH production pathway in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is limited. In this study, we conducted biochemical analysis of a 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (Sy6PGDH). We found that Sy6PGDH has unconventional characteristics, that is, the highest kcat value and non-competitive inhibition by NADPH...

To gain genetic insights into the protein-rich microalga, the transcriptome of Arthrospira platensis was sequenced using Illumina technology and de novo assembly was carried out. A total of 6023 transcripts were present in the transcriptome among which 4616 transcripts were annotated with specific functions. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the genes are mainly involved in three major functions such as biological (16.19%), cellular (41.47%) and molecular (42.34%) processes. Pathway analysis indicated that majority of genes are involved in amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism which is depicting the protein-rich nature of spirulina...

Spirulina is a well-described and popular dietary supplement derived from Arthrospira algae. In the present study, the anticancer potential of a water extract of a commercial Spirulina product (SE) against the human non-small-cell lung carcinoma A549 cell line was evaluated. After qualitative analysis, we investigated the effect of SE on cell viability, proliferation, and morphology. Furthermore, the influence of SE on regulation of the cell cycle, induction of apoptosis in lung cancer cells, and expression of cell cycle/apoptosis-related proteins was evaluated...

Pulsed electric field (PEF) is an emerging nonthermal technique with promising applications in microalgae biorefinery concepts. In this work, the flow field in continuous PEF processing and its influencing factors were analyzed and energy input distributions in PEF treatment chambers were investigated. The results were obtained using an interdisciplinary approach that combined multiphysics simulations with ultrasonic Doppler velocity profiling (UVP) and rheological measurements of Arthrospira platensis suspensions as a case study for applications in the biobased industry...

Gastrointestinal function in vertebrates is influenced by stressors, such as fasting and refeeding, different types of diet and hormonal factors. The aim of this paper was to analyze the effect of a Spirulina ( Arthrospira platensis ) diet, a microalga known for its nutraceutical properties, on the gastrointestinal tract of zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) regarding expression of oligopeptide transporter 1 (PepT1) and ghrelin (GHR). Food deprivation and refeeding was investigated to elucidate expression of PepT1 and GHR at a gastrointestinal level and the zebrafish compensatory mechanism...

Background: The extensive usage of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in industrial and consumer products raises the risk of releasing their residues into the aquatic environment. The presence of ZnO NPs in the aquatic environment could potentially cause cytotoxic effects on aquatic organisms. Thus, investigating the cytotoxic effects of ZnO NPs on microalgae, which form the base for the food web of aquatic biota, is essential to gain information regarding the ecotoxicological effects of metallic oxide nanoparticles in the aquatic ecosystem...

The biosorption of zinc from model solution as well as wastewater by Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis biomass was studied. Adsorption capacity of the biosorbent was investigated as a function of contact time between adsorbent and zinc, the initial metals and sorbent concentration, pH value, and temperature. The ability of Arthrospira biomass for zinc biosorption exhibited a maximum at the pH range 4-8. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model as well as the Freundlich model with maximum adsorption capacity of 7...

Iron though an essential cofactor for many proteins including haemoglobin and cytochromes, when in excess (>1 ppm in water and 100 ppm in fish tissue) elicits toxicity via Fenton reaction inducing oxidative stress. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of dietary Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation on waterborne-iron induced oxidative stress in the tissues of Notopterus notopterus. Juvenile fishes were divided randomly into 4 groups, namely, Group-I: control fed with commercial diet only, Group-II, III and IV treated with 0...