Nutrition esrd

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic renal disease or failure are at a heightened risk of mortality due to cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is a predominant cause of death in this population. Hyperhomocysteinemia is prevalent in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which may increase their susceptibility to CVD. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2003 and February 2023, using a combination of keywords such as "plasma homocysteine levels," "hyperhomocysteinemia," "end-stage renal disease," "renal failure," "kidney failure," "cardiovascular events," "cardiovascular disease," "myocardial infarction," "coronary artery disease," and "stroke...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Hemodialysis removes amino acids from the circulation, thereby stimulating muscle proteolysis. Protein ingestion during hemodialysis can compensate for amino acid removal but may also increase uremic toxin production. Branched-chain ketoacid (BCKA) co-ingestion may provide an additional anabolic stimulus without adding to uremic toxin accumulation. In the present study we assessed the impact of BCKA co-ingestion with protein on forearm amino acid balance and amino acid oxidation during hemodialysis...

INTRODUCTION: Patients with end stage kidney disease undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are prone to malnutrition and infections. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell dysfunction on clinical outcomes of MHD patients, in association with nutritional status. METHODS: This prospective study investigated 39 MHD patients by evaluating the oxidative activity of their PMN cells using Phorbol 12-Myristate-13-Acetate (PMA) stimulation...

BACKGROUND: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains one of the main causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality in diabetic patients worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency (VitDD) is one of the main consequences of different chronic kidney disease (CKD) types and is associated with rapid progression to ESRD. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that lead to this process are poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize a model of diabetic nephropathy progression in VitDD and the epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) role in these processes...

One-third of patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience diabetic nephropathy (DN), which worsens the progression of renal dysfunction. However, preventive measures for DN are lacking. Lactobacillus acidophilus TYCA06, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis BLI-02, and Bifidobacterium bifidum VDD088 probiotic strains have been demonstrated to delay CKD progression. This study evaluated their biological functions to stabilize blood-glucose fluctuations and delay the deterioration of renal function...

PURPOSE: Successful pregnancy rates on dialysis are increasing with the advent of intensive hemodialysis and advances in medical management. SUMMARY: Data support the use of intensive hemodialysis in pregnant women with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). This paper provides an overview of common pharmacotherapeutic changes in management when caring for a pregnant woman receiving intensive hemodialysis. Pregnant patients on peritoneal dialysis were excluded from this analysis due to insufficient data...

This study focuses on the application of nurse-led multidisciplinary collaborative therapy (MDT) management model for calciphylaxis prevention of patients with terminal renal disease. Through the establishment of a multidisciplinary management team spanning nephrology department, blood purification center, dermatology department, burn and plastic surgery department, infection department, stem cell platform, nutrition department, pain department, cardiology department, hydrotherapy group, dermatology group, and outpatient treatment room, the distribution of duties among team members were clarified to bring out the best advantages of a multidisciplinary teamwork during treatment and nursing...

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic that leads to several non-communicable illnesses, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diet and lifestyle modifications have shown a limited impact in the treatment of obesity. Because the group of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients examined in this study had limited access to kidney transplantation (KT), patients with obesity were thought to be at an increased risk of intraoperative and postoperative KT complications. Although bariatric surgery (BS) is now recognized as the gold standard treatment for morbid obesity, its role in ESRD or kidney transplant patients remains unknown...

While acute kidney injury (AKI) after hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) has been well-described in pediatric patients, literature regarding the long term renal consequences of HCT-related AKI, the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and CKD care in pediatric patients post-HCT is limited. CKD affects almost 50% of patients after HCT with multifactorial etiology including infection, nephrotoxic medications, transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy, graft-versus-host disease, and sinusoidal obstruction syndrome...

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a non-communicable disease; it is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria as the incidence has been increasing in Nigeria over the last few years. A low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids has been duly documented to reduce the malnutrition associated with CKD as well as improve estimated glomeruli filtration rate while delaying the onset of dialysis in predialysis CKD patients. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a low-protein diet supplemented with ketoacids compared to a conventional low protein on nutritional indices in predialysis CKD patients...

Treatment adherence (TA) is a critical issue and is under-investigated in hemodialysis patients. A multi-center study was conducted from July 2020 to March 2021 on 972 hemodialysis patients in eight hospitals in Vietnam to explore the factors associated with TA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected, including socio-demographics, an End-Stage Renal Disease Adherence Questionnaire (ESRD-AQ), 12-item short-form health literacy questionnaire (HLS-SF12), 4-item digital healthy diet literacy scale (DDL), 10-item hemodialysis dietary knowledge scale (HDK), 7-item fear of COVID-19 scale (FCoV-19S), and suspected COVID-19 symptoms (S-COVID19-S)...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) increases the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and AKI and CKD are seen as interconnected syndromes. Acute kidney disease (AKD) is defined as subacute damage and/or loss of kidney function occurring 7 to 90 days after AKI, during which period key interventions may be initiated to hinder the development of CKD. While AKD is usually under-recognized, it is associated with high morbidity and mortality globally. This review article aims to summarize the current knowledge concerning the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management of AKD with the aim to develop monitoring strategies and therapeutic agents of AKD...

OBJECTIVE: Although unhealthy diets exacerbate nutritional and metabolic derangements in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), how therapeutic diets that possess a variety of different dietary strategies acutely modify diverse biochemical parameters related to cardiovascular disease remains underexplored. METHODS: Thirty-three adults with end-stage kidney disease undergoing thrice-weekly hemodialysis participated in a randomized crossover trial comparing a therapeutic diet with their usual diets for 7 days, separated by a 4-week washout period...

BACKGROUND: Renal dysfunction and electrolyte abnormalities are common complications of anorexia nervosa (AN), particularly in the binge-eating/purging type (AN-BP). Hypokalemic, or kaliopenic, nephropathy is an established clinical entity and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in AN. Here, we present a case which demonstrates the difficulties of managing refeeding and nutrition in a psychiatrically and medically complex patient with severe AN-BP and ESRD most likely secondary to hypokalemic nephropathy...

Diabetes mellitus is currently the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Assessing nutritional status is an important component of care in this group. This prospective observational study aimed to assess the nutritional status of type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis and its relationship with hospitalizations and all-cause death. Adult patients with end-stage renal disease, treated with dialysis, and suffering from type 1 or type 2 diabetes, being treated with insulin, were included in the study...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, is the most significant microvascular complication of diabetes and poses a severe public health concern due to a lack of effective clinical treatments. Autophagy is a lysosomal process that degrades damaged proteins and organelles to preserve cellular homeostasis. Emerging studies have shown that disorder in autophagy results in the accumulation of damaged proteins and organelles in diabetic renal cells and promotes the development of DN...

Controlling systemic proinflammatory and prooxidant effectors is essential for mitigating cardiovascular risk and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, monitoring these processes is still challenging due to the high uncertainty about their determinants and predictors. Thus, we investigated the relationship between advanced glycosylation end products (AGE), proinflammatory and prooxidant effectors in ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). In addition to nutritional profile and dialysis efficiency, AGE, cytokines, chemokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), total (TAC) and non-protein (npAC) antioxidant capacity, lipid and protein oxidation were analyzed in blood samples from 43 HD patients...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases in the population with diabetes and it is highly prevalent in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. This case series describes NAFLD associated factors and survival in type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM) who have ESRD treated with hemodialysis. NAFLD prevalence in patients with T2DM and ESRD is 69.2%. A high number of patients (15 out of 18) have obesity evaluated by calculating body mass index (BMI) and bioimpedance measurements...

OBJECTIVE: Malnutrition is a common complication in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). We examined whether nutritional status is associated with the preservation of kidney function, using a cohort of typical ADPKD. METHODS: We enrolled ambulatory ADPKD patients in nine tertiary medical centers in Korea from May 2019 to December 2021. We excluded patients who were aged less than 18 years, who had known end-stage kidney disease at the time of enrollment, who had a diagnosis of atypical ADPKD, and who were Tolvaptan users...

Growth failure is a frequent complication observed in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and correlated to increased morbidity and mortality. To achieve a normal growth in children with CKD remains challenging for pediatric nephrologists. Growth failure in the setting of pediatric CKD is multifactorial and related to an impaired sensitivity to growth hormone and to a deficiency of IGF1 (insulin-like growth factor 1). Growth failure management has improved during the last two decades and consists of correcting any nutritional and metabolic abnormalities, of an improvement of dialysis for children on end-stage renal disease, and of an administration of a supraphysiologic dose of recombinant growth hormone to overcome GH insensitivity...