keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532990/causal-associations-between-severe-mental-illness-and-sepsis-a-mendelian-randomization-study
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ruhao Yang, Hongyu Xiang, Ting Zheng
OBJECTIVE: SMI (severe mental illness) has been identified as a risk factor for sepsis in observational studies; however, the causal association between them has yet to be firmly established. We conducted MR (mendelian randomization) to unveil the causal relationship between SMI and sepsis as well as sepsis mortality. METHODS: GWAS (Genome-wide association) data for major depression and schizophrenia were selected as exposure. GWAS data for sepsis and sepsis mortality were selected as outcome...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531554/clozapine-induced-pneumonitis-mimicking-an-atypical-pneumonia
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natasha Marcella Vaselli, Stanley Du Preez, Nuwan Jasenthu Kankanamage
Clozapine is an antipsychotic used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia with a significant side effect profile, including agranulocytosis, myocarditis and fever. Clozapine-induced fever often occurs in the first 2 weeks of treatment and settle after a few days. We report a case of a woman in her mid-30s who developed fever and infective symptoms suggestive of an atypical pneumonia while on clozapine titration. She was on clozapine for 16 days before developing high-grade fever, dry cough, diarrhoea, headache and photophobia with a very high CRP...
March 25, 2024: BMJ Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450353/asymptomatic-urinary-tract-infection-treatment-in-adults-admitted-to-inpatient-psychiatry-a-retrospective-cohort-study
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Audrey Tristano, Katherine Knudsen, Malihe Sheikhi
Introduction: Treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria remains prevalent despite recommendations against treatment in most patient populations. Rates of asymptomatic treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI) has not been thoroughly evaluated within the inpatient psychiatry population. The objective of this study is to describe the rate of antibiotic use for the treatment of asymptomatic UTI in psychiatric inpatients and investigate factors contributing to overuse. Methods: This IRB approved retrospective cohort study evaluated adults admitted to inpatient psychiatry from May 1, 2021 to May 1, 2022 that received an antibiotic for UTI...
April 2024: Hospital Pharmacy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38438515/toxoplasma-gondii-infection-associated-with-inflammasome-activation-and-neuronal-injury
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dimitrios Andreou, Nils Eiel Steen, Lynn Mørch-Johnsen, Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen, Laura A Wortinger, Claudia Barth, Attila Szabo, Kevin S O'Connell, Tove Lekva, Gabriela Hjell, Ingrid Torp Johansen, Monica B E G Ormerod, Unn K Haukvik, Pål Aukrust, Srdjan Djurovic, Robert H Yolken, Ole A Andreassen, Thor Ueland, Ingrid Agartz
Toxoplasma gondii (TOXO) infection typically results in chronic latency due to its ability to form cysts in the brain and other organs. Latent toxoplasmosis could promote innate immune responses and impact brain function. A large body of evidence has linked TOXO infection to severe mental illness (SMI). We hypothesized that TOXO immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity, reflecting previous infection and current latency, is associated with increased circulating neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a marker of brain damage, and interleukin-18 (IL-18), an innate immune marker, mainly in SMI...
March 4, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38435971/-toxoplasma-gondii-infection-in-people-with-schizophrenia-is-related-to-higher-hair-glucocorticoid-levels
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emy Beaumont, Jacques Brodeur, Frédéric Thomas, Antoine M Dujon, Sonia J Lupien
INTRODUCTION: Toxoplasma gondii (TG) is a common protozoan parasite infecting approximately one third of the human population. Animal studies have shown that this parasite can manipulate its host behavior. Based on this, human studies have assessed if TG can be involved in mental health disorders associated with important behavioral modifications such as schizophrenia. However, results have been discrepant. Given that TG has a strong impact on fear and risk-taking processes in animal studies and that fear and risk-taking behaviors are associated with the human stress response, we tested whether glucocorticoid biomarkers (salivary and hair) differ in people with schizophrenia and controls as a function of TG status...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38433781/model-informed-precision-dosing-of-imipenem-in-an-obese-adolescent-patient-with-augmented-renal-clearance-and-history-of-schizophrenia
#6
Yueliang Chen, Yun Han, Feng Guo, Zhenwei Yu
Imipenem is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that has been used in treating severe infections and exhibits a time-dependent PK/PD profile. Its dose should be adjusted based on renal function. However, there is little experience with imipenem dosing in obese adolescent patients with augmented renal clearance (ARC) and history of schizophrenia. This case reported successful dosing of imipenem in an obese adolescent patient with ARC based on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and model-informed precision dosing (MIPD)...
2024: Infection and Drug Resistance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428645/genetic-causal-association-between-varicella-zoster-virus-infection-and-psychiatric-disorders-a-2-sample-mendelian-randomization-study
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bo Yan, Pan Liao, Conglin Wang, Zhaoli Han, Fangyuan Cheng, Ping Lei
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BD) have a profound impact on millions of individuals worldwide. The critical step toward developing effective preventive and treatment strategies lies in comprehending the causal mechanisms behind these diseases and identifying modifiable risk factors associated with them. METHODS: In this study, we conducted a 2-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the potential links between chickenpox(varicella-zoster virus infection) and three major psychiatric disorders(SCZ, MDD, BD)...
February 28, 2024: Behavioural Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425272/environmental-risk-factors-for-schizophrenia-and-bipolar-disorder-from-childhood-to-diagnosis-a-swedish-nested-case-control-study
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natassia Robinson, Alexander Ploner, Marica Leone, Paul Lichtenstein, Kenneth S Kendler, Sarah E Bergen
BACKGROUND: Shared genetic risk between schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) is well-established, yet the extent to which they share environmental risk factors remains unclear. We compare the associations between environmental exposures during childhood/prior to disorder onset with the risk of developing SCZ and BD. METHODS: We conducted a Swedish register-based nested case-control study using 4184 SCZ cases and 18 681 BD cases diagnosed 1988-2013. Cases were matched to five controls by birth year, birth region, and sex...
March 1, 2024: Psychological Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38394236/associations-between-toxoplasma-gondii-seropositivity-and-psychopathological-manifestations-in-schizophrenic-patients-a-single-center-study-from-ecuador
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diego Rosado, Belen Intriago, Evelyn Loor, Flor Alcívar, Jorge Avila, Mario Sotomayor, Larissa Villacres, Marco Faytong-Haro
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia, a complex neuropsychiatric disorder, is believed to be influenced by various factors including environmental exposures. A potential environmental factor is the infection by the obligate intracellular parasitic protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii which affects neurotransmitter levels, which could potentially exacerbate, trigger symptoms of schizophrenia or make them worst. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and psychopathological presentation in persons with schizophrenia in Ecuador...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381117/risk-of-fracture-and-complications-following-fixation-in-patients-with-pre-injury-psychiatric-illness-a-propensity-matched-cohort-study
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin Y Zhu, Lukas Bobak, Ian Dorney, Mary A Breslin, Sarah B Hendrickson, Heather A Vallier
OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to describe the frequency of orthopaedic trauma and post-surgical complications associated with psychiatric diagnoses. DESIGN: Query of TriNetx Analytics Network. SETTING: Participating hospitals. PATIENT SELECTION CRITERIA: Those ≥ 18 years old with psychiatric illness and orthopaedic traumaOutcome measures and comparisons: Fractures and post-operative complications were described. A 1:1 propensity score matching function was utilized...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38346044/mental-health-and-risk-of-death-and-hospitalization-in-covid-19-patients-results-from-a-large-scale-population-based-study-in-spain
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aida Moreno-Juste, Beatriz Poblador-Plou, Cristina Ortega-Larrodé, Clara Laguna-Berna, Francisca González-Rubio, Mercedes Aza-Pascual-Salcedo, Kevin Bliek-Bueno, María Padilla, Concepción de-la-Cámara, Alexandra Prados-Torres, Luis A Gimeno-Feliú, Antonio Gimeno-Miguel
The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented challenges for health care systems globally. This study aimed to explore the presence of mental illness in a Spanish cohort of COVID-19-infected population and to evaluate the association between the presence of specific mental health conditions and the risk of death and hospitalization. This is a retrospective cohort study including all individuals with confirmed infection by SARS-CoV-2 from the PRECOVID (Prediction in COVID-19) Study (Aragon, Spain). Mental health illness was defined as the presence of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, anxiety, cognitive disorders, depression and mood disorders, substance abuse, and personality and eating disorders...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38317275/impact-of-covid-19-on-the-development-of-major-mental-disorders-in-patients-visiting-a-university-hospital-a-retrospective-observational-study
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hee-Cheol Kim
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the development of major mental disorders in patients visiting a university hospital. METHODS: The study participants were patients with COVID-19 (n=5,006) and those without COVID-19 (n=367,162) registered in the database of Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital and standardized with the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model. Data on major mental disorders that developed in both groups over the 5-year follow-up period were extracted using the FeederNet computer program...
February 6, 2024: J Yeungnam Med Sci
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38307503/substance-use-disorders-among-adolescents-in-the-united-states-2000-2019
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brook T Alemu, Hind A Baydoun, Olaniyi Olayinka, Robyn M Treadwell
OBJECTIVES: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are characterized by impairment caused by the recurrent use of alcohol, illicit drugs, or both. SUDs are pervasive and endemic among US adolescents, with potentially negative health and social consequences. Although the term experimentation normalizes adolescent substance abuse, the long-term consequences of this behavior beginning in adolescence can be detrimental to not only the adolescent but also the adult into which he or she develops. Our objective was to examine the epidemiology of SUD among hospitalized US adolescents, 13 to 19 years of age, during the time period 2000-2019...
February 2024: Southern Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38303529/vitamin-d-as-a-modulator-of-neuroinflammation-implications-for-brain-health
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sebastián García Menéndez, Walter Manucha
Neuroinflammation represents a critical immune response within the brain, playing a pivotal role in defense against injury and infection. However, when this response becomes chronic, it can contribute to the development of various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. This bibliographic review delves into the role of vitamin D in modulating neuroinflammation and its implications for brain health, particularly in the context of neurological and psychiatric disorders. While vitamin D is traditionally associated with calcium homeostasis and bone health, it also exerts immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects within the central nervous system...
February 1, 2024: Current Pharmaceutical Design
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38298216/role-of-microglia-in-brain-development-after-viral-infection
#15
REVIEW
Pei Xu, Yongjia Yu, Ping Wu
Microglia are immune cells in the brain that originate from the yolk sac and enter the developing brain before birth. They play critical roles in brain development by supporting neural precursor proliferation, synaptic pruning, and circuit formation. However, microglia are also vulnerable to environmental factors, such as infection and stress that may alter their phenotype and function. Viral infection activates microglia to produce inflammatory cytokines and anti-viral responses that protect the brain from damage...
2024: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38294521/excess-mortality-and-its-causes-among-older-adults-with-schizophrenia-versus-those-with-bipolar-disorder-and-major-depressive-disorder-a-5-year-prospective-multicenter-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicolas Hoertel, Marina Sánchez-Rico, Sandra Abou Kassm, Benjamin Brami, Mark Olfson, Katayoun Rezaei, Valentin Scheer, Frédéric Limosin
Excess mortality observed in people with schizophrenia may persist in later life. The specific causes of increased mortality observed in older adults with schizophrenia and the potential influence of psychotropic medications remain partly unknown. We compared 5-year mortality and its causes of older adults with schizophrenia to bipolar disorder (BD) or major depressive disorder (MDD). We used a 5-year prospective cohort, including 564 older inpatients and outpatients with schizophrenia, BD or MDD (mean age: 67...
January 31, 2024: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38246289/maternal-quercetin-supplementation-improved-lipopolysaccharide-induced-cognitive-deficits-and-inflammatory-response-in-a-rat-model-of-maternal-immune-activation
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hossein Abbasi, Sina Ghavami-Kia, Nahid Davoodian, Najmeh Davoodian
BACKGROUND: There is strong evidence that prenatal infection during a specific period of brain development increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, partly through immune-inflammatory pathways. This suggests that anti-inflammatory agents could prevent these disorders by targeting the maternal inflammatory response. In the present study, we used a rat model of maternal immune activation (MIA) to examine whether maternal quercetin (QE) supplementation can alleviate behavioral deficits and inflammatory mediators in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of adult male offspring...
January 19, 2024: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38219347/the-significance-of-cerebrospinal-fluid-analysis-in-the-differential-diagnosis-of-564-psychiatric-patients-multiple-sclerosis-is-more-common-than-autoimmune-encephalitis
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Benedictine Maier, Jan Stadler, Stephanie Deest-Gaubatz, Francesca Borlak, Seda Nur Türker, Franz Felix Konen, Johanna Seifert, Cagla Kesen, Helge Frieling, Stefan Bleich, Daniel Lüdecke, Jürgen Gallinat, Niels Hansen, Jens Wiltfang, Thomas Skripuletz, Alexandra Neyazi
The analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an essential tool for the differential diagnosis of psychiatric disorders caused by autoimmune inflammation or infections. Clear guidelines for CSF analysis are limited and mainly available for schizophrenia and dementia. Thus, insights into CSF changes in psychiatric patients largely derive from research. We analyzed the clinical and CSF data of 564 psychiatric patients without pre-existing neurological diagnoses from March 1998 to April 2020. Primary aim was to detect previously undiagnosed neurological conditions as underlying cause for the psychiatric disorder...
March 2024: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38205754/observation-of-the-short-term-curative-effect-of-using-superpath-approach-to-treat-elderly-femoral-neck-fractures-with-schizophrenia
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Mi, Z Yuan, M Que, Y Yang, S Fang, X Wang
As China enters an aging society, the incidence of femoral neck fractures is increasing year by year. For some patients, total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the treatment of choice for displaced femoral neck fractures. Schizophrenia is a common combination of elderly patients with femoral neck fractures, and there are few reports on the treatment. This study describes the short-term efficacy of the supercapsular percutaneously assisted (SuperPATH) approach in the treatment of patients suffered with displaced femoral neck fractures combined with schizophrenia...
December 2023: Acta Orthopaedica Belgica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38200989/microbes-and-mental-illness-past-present-and-future
#20
REVIEW
Robert C Bransfield, Charlotte Mao, Rosalie Greenberg
A review of the association between microbes and mental illness is performed, including the history, relevant definitions, infectious agents associated with mental illnesses, complex interactive infections, total load theory, pathophysiology, psychoimmunology, psychoneuroimmunology, clinical presentations, early-life infections, clinical assessment, and treatment. Perspectives on the etiology of mental illness have evolved from demonic possession toward multisystem biologically based models that include gene expression, environmental triggers, immune mediators, and infectious diseases...
December 29, 2023: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
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