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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuki Shinohara, Tomomi Ohmura, Fumiaki Sasaki, Yuichiro Sato, Takato Inomata, Toshihide Itoh, Toshibumi Kinoshita
OBJECTIVE: Hyperdense artery sign (HAS) on noncontrast brain computed tomography (CT) indicates an acute thrombus within the cerebral artery. It is a valuable imaging biomarker for diagnosing large-vessel occlusion; however, its identification may be challenging with the presence of vascular calcification. Dual-energy CT virtual noncalcium (VNCa) imaging using a 3-material decomposition algorithm is helpful for differentiating between calcification and hemorrhage. This study aimed to clarify the potential of VNCa imaging for differentiating HAS from vascular calcification...
April 24, 2024: Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gashirai K Mbizvo, Tommaso Bucci, Gregory Y H Lip, Anthony G Marson
Valproate is the most effective treatment for idiopathic generalised epilepsy. Current guidance precludes its use in women of childbearing potential, unless other treatments are ineffective or not tolerated, because of high teratogenicity. This risk was recently extended to men. New guidance will limit use both in men and women aged <55 years, resulting in withdrawal of valproate from men already taking it, as occurs for women. Whether there are risks of personal harm (including injury or death) associated with valproate withdrawal has not yet been quantified for men or women on valproate, meaning clinicians cannot reliably counsel either sex when discussing valproate withdrawal with them, despite that this concern may be at the forefront of patients' and clinicians' minds...
April 24, 2024: Brain
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yinqin Hu, Tianyun Shi, Zhaohui Xu, Meng Zhang, Jiahui Yang, Zhirui Liu, Qiqi Wan, Yongming Liu
BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) has been reported to affect cerebral cortex structure, but the underlying cause has not been determined. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to reveal the causal relationship between HF and structural changes in the cerebral cortex. METHODS: HF was defined as the exposure variable, and cerebral cortex structure was defined as the outcome variable. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression and weighted median (WME) were performed for MR analysis; MR-PRESSO and Egger's intercept was used to test horizontal pleiotropy; and "leave-one-out" was used for sensitivity analysis...
April 22, 2024: Aging
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hui Shi, Florian Prayer, Patric Kienast, Farjad Khalaveh, Christian Nasel, Julia Binder, Martin L Watzenboeck, Michael Weber, Daniela Prayer, Gregor Kasprian
OBJECTIVE: To identify brain edema in fetuses with Chiari II malformation using a multiparametric approach including structural T2-weighted, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics, and MRI-based radiomics. METHODS: A single-center retrospective review of MRI scans obtained in fetuses with Chiari II was performed. Brain edema cases were radiologically identified using the following MR criteria: brain parenchymal T2 prolongation, blurring of lamination, and effacement of external CSF spaces...
April 24, 2024: European Radiology
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua Cassinat, Joseph Nygaard, Collin Hoggard, Michael Hoffmann
INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability, often resulting in prolonged coma and disordered consciousness. There are currently gaps in understanding the factors affecting rehabilitation location and outcome after TBI. OBJECTIVE: To identify the impact of demographics, comorbidities, and complications on discharge disposition in adults with prolonged coma following TBI. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study...
April 24, 2024: PM & R: the Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatima Aidil-Carvalho, Ana Caulino-Rocha, Joaquim Alexandre Ribeiro, Diana Cunha-Reis
Novelty influences hippocampal-dependent memory through metaplasticity. Mismatch novelty detection activates the human hippocampal CA1 area and enhances rat hippocampal-dependent learning and exploration. Remarkably, mismatch novelty training (NT) also enhances rodent hippocampal synaptic plasticity while inhibition of VIP interneurons promotes rodent exploration. Since VIP, acting on VPAC1 receptors (Rs), restrains hippocampal LTP and depotentiation by modulating disinhibition, we now investigated the impact of NT on VPAC1 modulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in male Wistar rats...
April 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charlotte Oris, Samy Kahouadji, Damien Bouvier, Vincent Sapin
BACKGROUND: Despite the use of validated guidelines in the management of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), processes to limit unnecessary brain scans are still not sufficient and need to be improved. The use of blood biomarkers represents a relevant adjunct to identify patients at risk for intracranial injury requiring computed tomography (CT) scan. CONTENT: Biomarkers currently recommended in the management of mTBI in adults and children are discussed in this review...
April 24, 2024: Clinical Chemistry
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sanne Ahles, Peter J Joris, Jogchum Plat
PURPOSE: Evidence on the potential beneficial effects of anthocyanin-rich foods and supplements on cognitive performance is mainly based on acute or long-term studies in older adults. However, short-term studies focusing on a younger population are lacking. Therefore, short-term effects of Aronia melanocarpa extract (AME) supplementation on cognitive performance were investigated in healthy young adults. Potential underlying mechanisms were also addressed. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study was performed involving 35 apparently healthy young adults...
April 24, 2024: European Journal of Nutrition
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Regina S Wright, Alexa C Allan, Alyssa A Gamaldo, Adrienne A Morgan, Anna K Lee, Guray Erus, Christos Davatzikos, Desirée C Bygrave
It is not well understood how neighborhood disadvantage is associated with specific domains of cognitive function and underlying brain health within older adults. Thus, the objective was to examine associations between neighborhood disadvantage, brain health, and cognitive performance, and examine whether associations were more pronounced among women. The study included 136 older adults who underwent cognitive testing and MRI. Neighborhood disadvantage was characterized using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI)...
April 24, 2024: Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ceyda Baskan, Alkım Oden Akman, Elif Akcay, Sabite Emine Gökce, Demet Tas
PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate retinal nerve fiber and choroidal layer alterations in adolescents with anorexia nervosa using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. METHODS: Thirty patients with anorexia nervosa and 30 healthy adolescents aged 12-18 years were included in this study. Their age, sex, body mass index, anorexia nervosa type, disease duration, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography data were recorded. RESULTS: Central macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in the temporal and inferior regions were significantly lesser in patients with anorexia than in healthy controls (p<0...
2024: Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yasushi Ito, Hidetsugu Nakatsukasa, Yuriko Toyoma, Satoru Nagata, Hirokazu Oguni
AIM: To investigate the clinical characteristics of non-epileptic seizures due to transient brain dysfunction caused by energy deficiency after prolonged fasting or exercise in individuals with glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS), and then elucidate further the seizure features to distinguish non-epileptic seizures from epileptic seizures. METHOD: This retrospective case-control study included 57 non-epileptic seizures and 23 epileptic seizures (control group) in 14 individuals (11 males, three females; aged 5-44 years, median = 20 years) with Glut1DS, all with a heterozygous pathogenic SLC2A1 mutation...
April 24, 2024: Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhiwei Gu, Aiqin Yin, Li Lu, Yi Lu, Bei Jiang, Limin Yin
BACKGROUND: Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is one of the most common ischemic cerebrovascular diseases in neurology, with high morbidity, mortality, and disability. Early thrombolytic treatment of ACI has significant efficacy, but intraprocedural complications of hypoxemia can significantly reduce the efficacy. This study aims to analyze the risk factors for intraprocedural hypoxemia in patients with ACI, so as to take effective measures in advance to reduce the likelihood of adverse patient outcomes...
2024: Brain Circulation
#13
EDITORIAL
Hernando Santamaria-Garcia, Michael Corley, Agustin Ibañez
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
2024: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Beani, Veronica Barzacchi, Elena Scaffei, Beatrice Ceragioli, Fabrizia Festante, Silvia Filogna, Giovanni Cioni, Simona Fiori, Giuseppina Sgandurra
Unilateral spastic Cerebral Palsy (UCP) results from congenital brain injury, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has a role in understanding the etiology and severity of brain insult. In UCP, functional impairment predominantly occurs in the upper limb (UL) of the more affected side, where manual ability and dexterity are typically reduced. Also, mirror movements (MMs), are often present in UCP, with a further possible negative functional impact. This study aims to investigate the relationships among neuroanatomical characteristics of brain injury at MRI, manual functional impairment and MMs, in children with UCP...
2024: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael E Kim, Chenyu Gao, Leon Y Cai, Qi Yang, Nancy R Newlin, Karthik Ramadass, Angela Jefferson, Derek Archer, Niranjana Shashikumar, Kimberly R Pechman, Katherine A Gifford, Timothy J Hohman, Lori L Beason-Held, Susan M Resnick, Stefan Winzeck, Kurt G Schilling, Panpan Zhang, Daniel Moyer, Bennett A Landman
PURPOSE: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique that provides unique information about white matter microstructure in the brain but is susceptible to confounding effects introduced by scanner or acquisition differences. ComBat is a leading approach for addressing these site biases. However, despite its frequent use for harmonization, ComBat's robustness toward site dissimilarities and overall cohort size have not yet been evaluated in terms of DTI. APPROACH: As a baseline, we match <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Imaging
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paolo Massirio, Valentina Cardiello, Chiara Andreato, Samuele Caruggi, Marcella Battaglini, Andrea Calandrino, Giulia Polleri, Federica Mongelli, Mariya Malova, Diego Minghetti, Alessandro Parodi, Maria Grazia Calevo, Domenico Tortora, Andrea Rossi, Luca Antonio Ramenghi
Early extubation is considered to be beneficial for pre-term neonates. On the other hand, premature extubation can cause lung derecruitment, compromised gas exchange, and need for reintubation, which may be associated with severe brain injury caused by sudden cerebral blood flow changes. We used near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to investigate changes in cerebral oxygenation (rScO2 ) and fractional tissue oxygen extraction (+) after extubation in pre-term infants. This is a single-center retrospective study of NIRS data at extubation time of all consecutive pre-term neonates born at our institution over a 1-year period...
2024: Neurotrauma reports
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaodi Xia, Jinxiang Tang, Yadong Peng, Ying Liu, Yingying Chen, Meng Yuan, Renqiang Yu, Xiao Hou, Yixiao Fu
INTRODUCTION: Adverse life events constitute primary risk factors for major depressive disorder (MDD), influencing brain function and structure. Adolescents, with their brains undergoing continuous development, are particularly susceptible to enduring impacts of adverse events. METHODS: We investigated differences and correlations among childhood trauma, negative life events, and alterations of brain function in adolescents with first-episode MDD. The study included 23 patients with MDD and 19 healthy controls, aged 10-19 years...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniëlle van Dorth, Feng Yan Jiang, Bárbara Schmitz-Abecassis, Robert J I Croese, Martin J B Taphoorn, Marion Smits, Johan A F Koekkoek, Linda Dirven, Jeroen de Bresser, Matthias J P van Osch
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have shown potential for differentiating tumor progression from pseudoprogression. For pseudocontinuous ASL with a single postlabeling delay, the presence of delayed arterial transit times (ATTs) could affect the evaluation of ASL-MRI perfusion data. In this study, the influence of ATT artifacts on the perfusion assessment and differentiation between tumor progression and pseudoprogression were studied. This study comprised 66 adult patients (mean age 60 ± 13 years; 40 males) with a histologically confirmed glioblastoma who received postoperative radio (chemo)therapy...
April 23, 2024: NMR in Biomedicine
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah Baumeister, Jacob W Vogel, Philip S Insel, Luca Kleineidam, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Melina Stark, Helena M Gellersen, Renat Yakupov, Matthias C Schmid, Falk Lüsebrink, Frederic Brosseron, Gabriel Ziegler, Silka D Freiesleben, Lukas Preis, Luisa-Sophie Schneider, Eike J Spruth, Slawek Altenstein, Andrea Lohse, Klaus Fliessbach, Ina R Vogt, Claudia Bartels, Björn H Schott, Ayda Rostamzadeh, Wenzel Glanz, Enise I Incesoy, Michaela Butryn, Daniel Janowitz, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Ingo Kilimann, Doreen Goerss, Matthias H Munk, Stefan Hetzer, Peter Dechent, Michael Ewers, Klaus Scheffler, Anika Wuestefeld, Olof Strandberg, Danielle van Westen, Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Shorena Janelidze, Erik Stomrud, Sebastian Palmqvist, Annika Spottke, Christoph Laske, Stefan Teipel, Robert Perneczky, Katharina Buerger, Anja Schneider, Josef Priller, Oliver Peters, Alfredo Ramirez, Jens Wiltfang, Michael T Heneka, Michael Wagner, Emrah Düzel, Frank Jessen, Oskar Hansson, David Berron
Memory clinic patients are a heterogeneous population representing various aetiologies of pathological aging. It is unknown if divergent spatiotemporal progression patterns of brain atrophy, as previously described in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, are prevalent and clinically meaningful in this group of older adults. To uncover distinct atrophy subtypes, we applied the Subtype and Stage Inference (SuStaIn) algorithm to baseline structural MRI data from 813 participants enrolled in the DELCODE cohort (mean ± SD age = 70...
April 24, 2024: Brain
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rafaela Morais-Ribeiro, Francisco C Almeida, Ana Coelho, Tiago Gil Oliveira
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the hippocampus. Since hippocampal studies have highlighted a differential subregional regulation along its longitudinal axis, a more detailed analysis addressing subregional changes along the longitudinal hippocampal axis has the potential to provide new relevant biomarkers. This study included structural brain MRI data of 583 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Cognitively normal (CN) subjects, mild cognitively impaired (MCI) subjects and AD patients were conveniently selected considering the age and sex match between clinical groups...
April 23, 2024: European Journal of Neuroscience
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