keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521387/thyroid-hormone-deprival-and-tsh-tshr-signaling-deficiency-lead-to-central-hypothyroidism-associated-intestinal-dysplasia
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Peng, Sisi Luan, Xin Shen, Huidong Zhan, Yueping Ge, Yixiao Liang, Jing Wang, Yang Xu, Shanshan Wu, Xia Zhong, Haiqing Zhang, Ling Gao, Jiajun Zhao, Zhao He
BACKGROUND: Central hypothyroidism (CH) is characterized by low T4 levels and reduced levels or bioactivity of circulating TSH. However, there is a lack of studies on CH-related intestinal maldevelopment. In particular, the roles of TH and TSH/TSHR signaling in CH-related intestinal maldevelopment are poorly understood. Herein, we utilized Tshr-/- mice as a congenital hypothyroidism model with TH deprival and absence of TSHR signaling. METHODS: The morphological characteristics of intestines were determined by HE staining, periodic acid-shiff staining, and immunohistochemical staining...
March 21, 2024: Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521048/body-composition-and-risk-for-sarcopenia-in-transgender-women
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Sánchez Amador, Antonio Becerra Fernández, María Victorina Aguilar Vilas, Rosa Rodríguez Torres, María Concepción Alonso Rodríguez
OBJECTIVES: Body composition and strength of cisgender (cis) individuals are well established. However, those for transgender women (trans women) undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy remain unclear. This study aimed to detect possible body composition and strength variations related to sarcopenia. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional comparative study of 37 trans women, 34 cis men, and 34 cis women. Body composition was measured in all individuals by bioelectrical impedance analysis; prehensile strength by dynamometry was studied in trans women...
February 19, 2024: Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517067/effects-of-microrna-305-knockdown-on-brain-gene-expression-associated-with-division-of-labor-in-honey-bee-colonies-apis-mellifera
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarai H Stuart, Amy Cash Ahmed, Laura Kilikevicius, Gene E Robinson
Division of labor in honey bee colonies is based on the behavioral maturation of adult workers that involves a transition from working in the hive to foraging. This behavioral maturation is associated with distinct task-related transcriptomic profiles in the brain and abdominal fat body that are related to multiple regulatory factors including juvenile hormone (JH) and queen mandibular pheromone (QMP). A prominent physiological feature associated with behavioral maturation is a loss of abdominal lipid mass as bees transition to foraging...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Experimental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516412/thyroid-hormone-action-in-adult-neurogliogenic-niches-the-known-and-unknown
#24
REVIEW
Victor Valcárcel-Hernández, Steffen Mayerl, Ana Guadaño-Ferraz, Sylvie Remaud
Over the last decades, thyroid hormones (THs) signaling has been established as a key signaling cue for the proper maintenance of brain functions in adult mammals, including humans. One of the most fascinating roles of THs in the mature mammalian brain is their ability to regulate adult neurogliogenic processes. In this respect, THs control the generation of new neuronal and glial progenitors from neural stem cells (NSCs) as well as their final differentiation and maturation programs. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the cellular organization of adult rodent neurogliogenic niches encompassing well-established niches in the subventricular zone (SVZ) lining the lateral ventricles, the hippocampal subgranular zone (SGZ), and the hypothalamus, but also less characterized niches in the striatum and the cerebral cortex...
2024: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513526/letrozole-delays-acquisition-of-water-maze-task-in-female-balb-c-mice-possible-involvement-of-anxiety
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacek Mamczarz, Malcolm Lane, Istvan Merchenthaler
Letrozole, an aromatase inhibitor preventing estrogen synthesis from testosterone, is used as an adjuvant therapy in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer patients. However, like other aromatase inhibitors, it induces many side effects, including impaired cognition. Despite its negative effect in humans, results from animal models are inconsistent and suggest that letrozole can either impair or improve cognition. Here, we studied the effects of chronic letrozole treatment on cognitive behavior of adult female BALB/c mice, a relevant animal model for breast cancer studies, to develop an appropriate animal model aimed at testing therapies to mitigate side effects of letrozole...
March 20, 2024: Hormones and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512422/brevipalpus-yothersi%C3%A2-baker-tenuipalpidae-development-in-sweet-orange-plants-is-influenced-by-previous-mite-infestation-and-the-presence-of-shelters
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Beatriz Piai Kapp, Jaqueline Franciosi Della Vechia, Thaís Elise Sinico, Renato Beozzo Bassanezi, Pedro Luis Ramos-González, Juliana Freitas-Astúa, Daniel Júnior Andrade
Citrus leprosis is the most important viral disease affecting citrus. The disease is caused predominantly by CiLV-C and is transmitted by Brevipalpus yothersi Baker mites. This study brings some insight into the colonization of B. yothersi in citrus [(Citrus × sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae)] previously infested by viruliferous or non-viruliferous B. yothersi. It also assesses the putative role of shelters on the behavior of B. yothersi. Expression of PR1 and PR4 genes, markers of plant defense mechanisms, were evaluated by RT-qPCR to correlate the role of the plant hormonal changes during the tri-trophic virus-mite-plant interplay...
March 21, 2024: Experimental & Applied Acarology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511762/xinjiacongrongtusiziwan-protects-triptolide-induced-rats-from-oxidative-stress-injury-via-mitophagy-mediated-pink1-parkin-signaling-pathway
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan Jin, Deng Di-Si, Wu Ke-Ming
PURPOSE: XinJiaCongRongTuSiZiWan (XJCRTSZW) is a traditional Chinese medicine compound for invigorating the kidney, nourishing blood, and promoting blood circulation. This study aimed to explore the effect of XJCRTSZW on triptolide (TP)-induced oxidative stress injury. METHODS: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats and human ovarian granulosa cell lines were treated with TP and XJCRTSZW. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, CCK-8, JC-1 staining, transmission electron microscopy, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting were performed in this study...
2024: Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508914/the-25-hydroxyvitamin-d-level-in-kidney-transplant-recipients-and-its-association-with-renal-function-and-other-cardio-metabolic-risk-markers
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M Masud Iqbal, Maleka Ali, Rana Mokarram Hossain, Md Kamrul Islam, Harun-Ur- Rashid, Shahryar Waheed, Nayan Ranjan Sarker
BACKGROUND: Vitamin D is the main hormone that plays a critical role in controlling mineral homeostasis. Transplant recipients frequently have altered levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH] D) and 1, 25-hydroxyvitamin (1, 25[OH] D). OBJECTIVES: To explore the status of vitamin D level in renal allograft recipients and its association with renal function and cardio-metabolic risk markers. METHODS: One hundred two adult kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) were included...
March 19, 2024: Transplantation Proceedings
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508752/synaptic-plasticity-and-cognitive-ability-in-experimental-adult-onset-hypothyroidism
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karim A Alkadhi
Adult-onset hypothyroidism impairs normal brain function. Research on animal models of hypothyroidism has revealed critical information on how deficiency of thyroid hormones impacts the electrophysiological and molecular functions of the brain, which lead to the well-known cognitive impairment in untreated hypothyroid patients. Currently, such information can only be obtained from experiments on animal models of hypothyroidism. This review summarizes important research findings that pertain to understanding the clinical cognitive consequences of hypothyroidism, which will provide a guiding path for therapy of hypothyroidism...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508353/rhodamine-b-an-organic-environmental-pollutant-induces-reproductive-toxicity-in-parental-and-teratogenicity-in-f1-generation-in-vivo
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P Snega Priya, P Pratiksha Nandhini, S Vaishnavi, V Pavithra, Mikhlid H Almutairi, Bader O Almutairi, Selvaraj Arokiyaraj, Raman Pachaiappan, Jesu Arockiaraj
This study investigated the reproductive toxicity of rhodamine B in zebrafish and its transgenerational effects on the F1 generation. In silico toxicity predictions revealed high toxicity of rhodamine B, mainly targeting pathways associated with the reproductive and endocrine systems. In vivo experiments on zebrafish demonstrated that rhodamine B exposure at a concentration of 1.5 mg/L led to significant impairments in fecundity parameters, particularly affecting females. Histopathological analysis revealed distinct changes in reproductive organs, further confirming the reproductive toxicity of rhodamine B, with females being more susceptible than males...
March 18, 2024: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology: CBP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508098/growth-hormone-stimulates-the-in-vitro-development-and-establishment-of-haemonchus-contortus-in-sheep
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adolfo Sánchez-Paredes, César Cuenca-Verde, María Guadalupe Prado-Ochoa, Jorge Morales-Montor, Fernando Alba-Hurtado, Marco Antonio Muñoz-Guzmán
The physiologic increase in some sex hormones has been associated with an increase in the parasite load caused by Haemonchus contortus in ewes, especially prolactin. In lambs that are especially susceptible to hemonchosis, the levels of sex hormones are low; in contrast, the levels of another pituitary hormone, growth hormone (GH), which is structurally very similar to prolactin, are high. In this study, the in vitro and in vivo effects of GH on H. contortus larvae development and establishment were evaluated...
March 8, 2024: Veterinary Parasitology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506164/thyroid-hormone-homeostasis-in-levothyroxine-treated-patients-findings-from-elsa-brasil
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gustavo C Penna, Isabela M Bensenor, Antonio C Bianco, Matthew D Ettleson
CONTEXT: The effectiveness of levothyroxine (LT4) in restoring thyroid hormone (TH) homeostasis, particularly serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels, remains debatable. OBJECTIVE: To assess TH homeostasis in LT4-treated individuals using data from the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health in Brazil (ELSA-Brasil) study. METHODS: The ELSA-Brasil study follows 15,105 adult Brazilians (aged 35 to 74 years) over 8.2 years (2008-2019) with 3 observation points assessing health parameters including serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (FT4), and free T3 (FT3) levels...
March 20, 2024: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504970/associations-between-nutritional-intake-stress-and-hunger-biomarkers-and-anxiety-and-depression-during-the-treatment-of-anorexia-nervosa-in-adolescents-and-young-adults
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica A Lin, Catherine Stamoulis, Amy D DiVasta
Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with anorexia nervosa (AN) frequently have co-occurring anxiety and depression, which can negatively impact prognosis. To inform treatment of co-occurring anxiety and depression, we assessed the association of nutritional intake and hunger/stress hormones on anxiety and depression using a six-month longitudinal study of 50 AYA females receiving care for AN. At baseline and six months, we measured anxiety (Spielberger State/Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI]), depression (Beck Depression Inventory [BDI]), body mass index (BMI), 3-day dietary intake (total calories and proportion of fat, carbohydrate, protein), and serum cortisol, leptin, and adiponectin...
December 2023: Eating Behaviors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503929/gephyrin-phosphorylation-facilitates-sexually-dimorphic-development-and-function-of-parvalbumin-interneurons-in-the-mouse-hippocampus
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin F N Campbell, Natalia Cruz-Ochoa, Kanako Otomo, David Lukacsovich, Pedro Espinosa, Andrin Abegg, Wenshu Luo, Camilla Bellone, Csaba Földy, Shiva K Tyagarajan
The precise function of specialized GABAergic interneuron subtypes is required to provide appropriate synaptic inhibition for regulating principal neuron excitability and synchronization within brain circuits. Of these, parvalbumin-type (PV neuron) dysfunction is a feature of several sex-biased psychiatric and brain disorders, although, the underlying developmental mechanisms are unclear. While the transcriptional action of sex hormones generates sexual dimorphism during brain development, whether kinase signaling contributes to sex differences in PV neuron function remains unexplored...
March 19, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503191/androgen-regulation-of-behavioral-stress-responses-and-the-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Damian G Zuloaga, Jennifer J Lafrican, Kristen L Zuloaga
Testosterone is a powerful steroid hormone that can impact the brain and behavior in various ways, including regulating behavioral and neuroendocrine (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis) stress responses. Early in life androgens can act to alter development of brain regions associated with stress regulation, which ultimately impacts the display of stress responses later in life. Adult circulating androgens can also influence the expression of distinct genes and proteins that regulate stress responses...
March 18, 2024: Hormones and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503098/the-paradox-of-spring-thyroid-and-glucocorticoid-responses-to-cold-temperatures-and-food-availability-in-free-living-carneddau-ponies
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessica Granweiler, Jurgi Cristóbal-Azkarate, Nathan Morton, Rupert Palme, Susanne Shultz
In seasonal environments, maintaining a constant body temperature poses challenges for endotherms. Cold winters at high latitudes, with limited food availability, create opposing demands on metabolism: upregulation preserves body temperature but depletes energy reserves. Examining endocrine profiles, such as thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) and glucocorticoids (GCs), proxies for changes in metabolic rate and acute stressors, offer insights into physiological trade-offs. We evaluated how environmental conditions and gestation impact on faecal hormone metabolites (fT3Ms and fGCMs) from late winter to spring in a free-living population of Carneddau ponies...
March 18, 2024: Hormones and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500209/the-acute-effect-of-a-%C3%AE-glucan-enriched-oat-bread-on-gastric-emptying-glp-1-response-and-postprandial%C3%A2-glycaemia-and-insulinemia-a-randomised-crossover-trial-in-healthy-adults
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ingrid Revheim, Simon Ballance, Adelheid Fretland Standal, Anne Rieder, Jutta Dierkes, Anette E Buyken, Odd Helge Gilja, Trygve Hausken, Hanne Rosendahl-Riise
BACKGROUND: The cereal fibre β-glucan reduces postprandial glycaemia, however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of a β-glucan-enriched oat bread on gastric emptying half-time (T1/2 ), gastric emptying lag phase (Tlag ), and gastric emptying rate (GER), and the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) as potential means to influence postprandial glycaemia. METHODS: A randomised crossover trial was conducted in 22 healthy adults (age 24...
March 18, 2024: Nutrition & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499550/in-vitro-and-in-vivo-investigation-of-a-thyroid-hormone-system-specific-interaction-with-triazoles
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asya Kadic, Patricia Oles, Benjamin Christian Fischer, Anne Elisabeth Reetz, Boubacar Sidiki Sylla, Katreece Feiertag, Vera Ritz, Tanja Heise, Philip Marx-Stoelting, Tewes Tralau, Kostja Renko, Marize de Lourdes Marzo Solano
Alterations in thyroid hormones (TH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are frequently found following exposure to chemicals of concern. Dysregulation of TH levels can severely perturb physiological growth, metabolism, differentiation, homeostasis in the adult and developmental processes in utero. A frequently identified mode of action for this interaction is the induction of hepatic detoxification mechanisms (e.g. SULTs and UGTs), which lead to TH conjugation and elimination and therefore interfere with hormonal homeostasis, fulfilling the endocrine disruptors (EDs) definition...
March 18, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497875/effect-of-melatonin-on-reproductive-function-in-propylthiouracil-induced-hypothyroidism-in-adult-male-rats
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
W Ezzat, W K Abdelbasset, R S Hussien, A R Azab, A Sulieman, S Yousry
OBJECTIVE: Thyroid hormones are essential for regulating metabolism, reproduction, and growth. Hypothyroidism is connected with lower sperm count and motility, leading to male infertility. Oxidative stress is likely to be linked to this interaction. Melatonin, being known as an oxidative scavenger, may offer a feasible treatment method for reproductive dysfunction accompanying hypothyroidism in adult male rats. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the mechanism by which melatonin treatment affected spermatogenic and steroidogenic function in an experimental model-induced hypothyroidism in adult male rats...
March 2024: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496667/sensing-of-dietary-amino-acids-and-regulation-of-calcium-dynamics-in-adipose-tissues-through-adipokinetic-hormone-in-drosophila
#40
Muhammad Ahmad, Shang Wu, Xuan Guo, Norbert Perrimon, Li He
Nutrient sensing and the subsequent metabolic responses are fundamental functions of animals, closely linked to diseases such as type 2 diabetes and various obesity-related diseases. Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as an excellent model for investigating metabolism and its associated disorders. In this study, we used live-cell imaging to demonstrate that the fly functional homolog of mammalian glucagon, Adipokinetic hormone (AKH), secreted from AKH hormone-producing cells (APCs) in the corpora cardiaca, stimulates intracellular Ca 2+ waves in the larval fat body/adipose tissue to promote lipid metabolism...
March 8, 2024: bioRxiv
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