G Banding

PURPOSE: Individuals with amblyopia experience central vision deficits, including loss of visual acuity, binocular vision, and stereopsis. In this study, we examine the differences in peripheral binocular imbalance in children with anisometropic amblyopia, strabismic amblyopia, and typical binocular vision to determine if there are systematic patterns of deficits across the visual field. METHODS: This prospective cohort study recruited 12 participants with anisometropic amblyopia, 10 with strabismic amblyopia, and 10 typically sighted controls (age range, 5-18 years)...

BACKGROUND: Tulathromycin (TUL) is a triamilide antibacterial drug which has been approved for use in the European Union and the United States for the treatment and prevention of bovine respiratory diseases. The existing methods for determination of TUL in its pharmaceutical bulk form are very limited and suffer from major drawbacks. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was the development of two innovative microwell spectrophotometric methods (MW-SPMs) for determination of TUL in its pharmaceutical bulk form...

BACKGROUD: This study investigated the structure, functional and physicochemical properties of lotus seed protein (LSP) under different pH environments. The structures of LSP were characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, particle size distributions, free sulfhydryl and rheological property. The functional and physicochemical properties of LSP were characterized by color, foaming property, emulsification property, solubility, oil holding capacity (OHC), water holding capacity (WHC), differential scanning calorimetry analysis (DSC) and surface hydrophobicity...

Topological electronic transition is the very promising strategy for achieving high band degeneracy (NV ) and for optimizing thermoelectric performance. Herein, this work verifies in p-type Mg3 Sb2- x Bix that topological electronic transition could be the key mechanism responsible for elevating the NV of valence band edge from 1 to 6, leading to much improved thermoelectric performance. Through comprehensive spectroscopy characterizations and theoretical calculations of electronic structures, the topological electronic transition from trivial semiconductor is unambiguously demonstrated to topological semimetal of Mg3 Sb2- x Bix with increasing the Bi content, due to the strong spin-orbit coupling of Bi and the band inversion...

Novel temperature-sensitive luminescent materials, Ba2 Gd2 Ge4 O13 doped with Bi3+ , Bi3+ /Sm3+ or Bi3+ /Eu3+ ions, have been prepared using a conventional solid-state reaction technique. The XRPD study has verified that all the synthesized germanates crystallize in the monoclinic system (space group C 2/ c , Z = 4). The crystal lattice of the compounds consists of zigzag chains of edge-sharing Me2 O7 (Me = Bi3+ , Eu3+ or Sm3+ ) dimers, [Ge4 O13 ] units, and ten-coordinated Ba atoms. Under UV excitation the powders exhibit the luminescence corresponding to the 3 P1 → 1 S0 (310-550 nm) transition in Bi3+ and 4 G5/2 → 6 H J (550-730 nm) in Sm3+ or 5 D0 → 7 F J (570-720 nm) transitions in Eu3+ ions...

Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 is a promising strategy to mitigate the effects of global warming by converting CO2 into valuable energy-dense products. Silver bismuth iodide (SBI) is an attractive material owing to its tunable bandgap and favorable band-edge positions for efficient CO2 photoreduction. In this study, SBI materials, including AgBi2 I7 , AgBiI4 , Ag2 BiI5 , and Ag3 BiI6 are first synthesized, through gas-solid reaction by controlling the stoichiometric ratio of reactants. The X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) results revealed that the distance between Ag-I is proportional to the degree of Ag ions delocalization, which occupies the vacant sites...

BACKGROUND: Treponeme-Associated Hoof Disease (TAHD) is a polybacterial, multifactorial disease affecting free-ranging wild elk (Cervus canadensis) in the Pacific Northwest. Previous studies have indicated a bacterial etiology similar to digital dermatitis in livestock, including isolation of Treponema species from lesions. The lesions appear to progress rapidly from ulcerative areas in the interdigital space or along the coronary band to severe, ulcerative, necrotic, proliferative lesions under-running the hoof wall, perforating the sole, and contributing to hoof elongation, deformity, and overgrowth...

Twist-controlled moiré superlattices (MSs) have emerged as a versatile platform for realizing artificial systems with complex electronic spectra. The combination of Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) can give rise to an interesting MS, which has recently featured a set of unexpected behaviors, such as unconventional ferroelectricity and the electronic ratchet effect. Yet, the understanding of the electronic properties of BLG/hBN MS has, at present, remained fairly limited...

Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) are glycosylated enzymes that provide an efficient method for oxyfunctionalizing a variety of substrates using only hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) as the oxygen donor. However, their poor heterologous expression has hindered their practical application. Here, a novel UPO from Marasmius fiardii PR910 (MfiUPO) was identified and heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris. By employing a two-copy expression cassette, the protein titer reached 1.18 g L-1 in a 5 L bioreactor, marking the highest record...

Molecular probes and indicators are broadly employed for pH measurements in bulk media and at interfaces. The underlying physical principle of pH measurements of most of these probes is based on a change in the electronic structure that, for example, results in a shift of the emission peak of the fluorescence probes, changes in NMR chemical shifts due to the affected electronic shielding, or magnetic parameters of pH-sensitive nitroxides as measured by EPR. Here we explore another concept for measuring local protonation state of molecular tags based on changes in rotational dynamics of electron spin-bearing moieties that are readily detected by conventional continuous wave X-band EPR...

Handedness is an essential attribute of chiral nanocrystals, having a major influence on their properties. During chemical growth, the handedness of nanocrystals is usually tuned by selecting the corresponding enantiomer of chiral molecules involved in asymmetric growth, often known as chiral inducers. We report that, even using the same chiral inducer enantiomer, the handedness of chiral gold nanocrystals can be reversed by using Au nanorod seeds with either single crystalline or pentatwinned structure. This effect holds for chiral growth induced both by amino acids (e...

PURPOSE: Fragile sites are specific chromosomal regions showing gaps, poor staining, contractions, or even breaks in the chromosomes. These spontaneous and heritable fragile sites are prone to structural variations which can lead to adverse reproductive outcomes. This paper aims to present a specific case study of a female patient, with a mosaic karyotype involving chromosome 16q22 fragile site which is very rare in clinic and her experience of infertility. CASE PRESENTATION: A 37-year-old woman is diagnosed with ten-year primary infertility...

This study evaluated the ability of portable ultra-wide band microwave system (MiS) to predict lamb carcase computed tomography (CT) determined composition % of fat, lean muscle and bone. Lamb carcases (n = 343) from 6 slaughter groups were MiS scanned at the C-site (45 mm from spine midline at the 12th /13th rib) prior to CT scanning to determine the proportion of fat, muscle and bone. A machine learning ensemble stacking technique was used to construct the MiS prediction equations. Predictions were pooled and divided in 5 groups stratified for each CT composition trait (fat, lean or bone%) and a k-fold cross validation (k = 5) technique was used to test the predictions...

A quantum chemistry (QC)/molecular dynamics (MD) scheme is developed to calculate electronic properties of semiconducting polymers in three steps: (i) constructing the polymer force field through a unified workflow, (ii) equilibrating polymer models, and (iii) calculating electronic structure properties (e.g., density of states and localization length) from the equilibrated models by QC approaches. Notably, as the second step of this scheme is generally the most time-consuming one, we introduce an alternative method to compute thermally averaged electronic properties in bulk, based on the simulation of a polymer chain in the solution of its repeat units, which is shown to reproduce the microstructure of polymer chains and their electrostatic effect (successfully tested for five benchmark polymers) 10 times faster than state-of-the-art methods...

Tunable spin-orbit interaction (SOI) is an important feature for future spin-based devices. In the presence of a magnetic field, SOI induces an asymmetry in the energy bands, which can produce nonlinear transport effects (V∼I^{2}). Here, we focus on such effects to study the role of SOI in the (111) LaTiO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} interface. This system is a convenient platform for understanding the role of SOI since it exhibits a single-band Hall response through the entire gate-voltage range studied. We report a pronounced rise in the nonlinear longitudinal resistance at a critical in-plane field H_{cr}...

Time-resolved multiterahertz (THz) spectroscopy is used to observe an ultrafast, nonthermal electronic phase change in SnSe driven by interband photoexcitation with 1.55 eV pump photons. The transient THz photoconductivity spectrum is found to be Lorentzian-like, indicating charge localization and phase segregation. The rise of photoconductivity is bimodal in nature, with both a fast and slow component due to excitation into multiple bands and subsequent intervalley scattering. The THz conductivity magnitude, dynamics, and spectra show a drastic change in character at a critical excitation fluence of approximately 6  mJ/cm^{2} due to a photoinduced phase segregation and a macroscopic collapse of the band gap...

In this article we present a quantitative analysis of the second positive system of molecular nitrogen and the first negative system of the molecular nitrogen cation excited in the presence of ionizing radiation. Optical emission spectra of atmospheric air and nitrogen surrounding 210 Po sources were measured from 250 to 400 nm. Multi-Boltzmann and non-Boltzmann vibrational distribution spectral models were used to determine the vibrational temperature and vibrational distribution function of the emitting N2 (C3 Πu ) and N2 + (B2 Σ+u) states...

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to examine the outcomes in children with anaplastic bilateral Wilms tumor (BWT) from study AREN0534 in order to define potential prognostic factors and areas to target in future clinical trials. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data from AREN0534 study patients with anaplasia (focal anaplasia [FA], or diffuse anaplasia [DA]) were compared. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were reported using Kaplan-Meier estimation with 95% confidence bands, and differences in outcomes between FA and DA compared using log-rank tests...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Characterization of visible abnormalities in Barrett esophagus (BE) patients can be challenging, especially for unexperienced endoscopists. This results in suboptimal diagnostic accuracy and poor inter-observer agreement. Computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) systems may assist endoscopists. We aimed to develop, validate and benchmark a CADx system for BE neoplasia. METHODS: The CADx system received pretraining with ImageNet with consecutive domain-specific pretraining with GastroNet which includes 5 million endoscopic images...

In the pursuit of personalized medicine, the development of efficient, cost-effective, and reliable DNA sequencing technology is crucial. Nanotechnology, particularly the exploration of two-dimensional materials, has opened different avenues for DNA nucleobase detection, owing to their impressive surface-to-volume ratio. This study employs density functional theory with van der Waals corrections to methodically scrutinize the adsorption behavior and electronic band structure properties of a DNA system composed of eight hachimoji nucleotide letters adsorbed on both MoS2 and MoSSe monolayers...