keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38393300/a-transmandibular-lateral-transsphenoidal-navigated-surgical-approach-to-access-a-pituitary-macroadenoma-in-a-warmblood-mare
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mathieu de Preux, Christina Precht, Julien Guevar, Claudia Graubner, Sebastian Thenhaus-Schnabel, Larissa Buser, Anton Lukes, Christoph Koch
A 16-year-old warmblood mare was referred with a progressive history of behavioral changes and left-sided blindness. Following neuroanatomical localization to the forebrain, magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed a well-delineated, 4.5 cm in diameter, round pituitary mass causing marked compression of the midbrain and optic chiasm. Euthanasia was recommended but declined by the owners. Veterinary specialists and a human neurosurgeon collaboratively prepared for surgical case management. A novel navigated transmandibular lateral transsphenoidal approach was developed to access the region of the sella turcica and practiced on cadaver specimens...
December 2024: Veterinary Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38328136/propofol-disrupts-the-functional-core-matrix-architecture-of-the-thalamus-in-humans
#2
Zirui Huang, George A Mashour, Anthony G Hudetz
Research into the role of thalamocortical circuits in anesthesia-induced unconsciousness is difficult due to anatomical and functional complexity. Prior neuroimaging studies have examined either the thalamus as a whole or focused on specific subregions, overlooking the distinct neuronal subtypes like core and matrix cells. We conducted a study of heathy volunteers and functional magnetic resonance imaging during conscious baseline, deep sedation, and recovery. We advanced the functional gradient mapping technique to delineate the functional geometry of thalamocortical circuits, within a framework of the unimodal-transmodal functional axis of the cortex...
January 24, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38233353/inhibition-of-the-glutamatergic-pvt-nac-projections-attenuates-local-anesthetic-induced-neurotoxic-behaviors
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu Zou, Xin He, Zhiwen Ye, Zhengyiqi Li, Qulian Guo, Wangyuan Zou, Qianyi Peng
INTRODUCTION: Local anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity contributes to perioperative nerve damage; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of the paraventricular thalamus (PVT)-nucleus accumbens (NAc) projections in neurotoxicity induced by ropivacaine, a local anesthetic agent. METHODS: Ropivacaine (58 mg/kg, intraperitoneal administration) was used to construct the local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) mice model...
January 17, 2024: Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38230631/mesoscopic-mapping-of-hemodynamic-responses-and-neuronal-activity-during-pharmacologically-induced-interictal-spikes-in-awake-and-anesthetized-mice
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Li, Fan Yang, Fengrui Zhan, Joshua Estin, Aditya Iyer, Mingrui Zhao, James E Niemeyer, Peijuan Luo, Dan Li, Weihong Lin, Jyun-You Liou, Hongtao Ma, Theodore H Schwartz
Imaging hemodynamic responses to interictal spikes holds promise for presurgical epilepsy evaluations. Understanding the hemodynamic response function is crucial for accurate interpretation. Prior interictal neurovascular coupling data primarily come from anesthetized animals, impacting reliability. We simultaneously monitored calcium fluctuations in excitatory neurons, hemodynamics, and local field potentials (LFP) during bicuculline-induced interictal events in both isoflurane-anesthetized and awake mice...
January 17, 2024: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38180472/criticality-supports-cross-frequency-cortical-thalamic-information-transfer-during-conscious-states
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel Toker, Eli Müller, Hiroyuki Miyamoto, Maurizio S Riga, Laia Lladó-Pelfort, Kazuhiro Yamakawa, Francesc Artigas, James M Shine, Andrew E Hudson, Nader Pouratian, Martin M Monti
Consciousness is thought to be regulated by bidirectional information transfer between the cortex and thalamus, but the nature of this bidirectional communication - and its possible disruption in unconsciousness - remains poorly understood. Here, we present two main findings elucidating mechanisms of corticothalamic information transfer during conscious states. First, we identify a highly preserved spectral channel of cortical-thalamic communication that is present during conscious states, but which is diminished during the loss of consciousness and enhanced during psychedelic states...
January 5, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38169536/cerebellar-purkinje-cell-firing-promotes-conscious-recovery-from-anesthesia-state-through-coordinating-neuronal-communications-with-motor-cortex
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinpiao Zhu, Chang Chen, Xiaodong Liu, Mengying He, Yuanyuan Fang, Li Wang, Junke Jia, Juan Guo, Ziyue Zhao, Chenyi Gao, Jingang He, Chengshi Xu, Fuqiang Xu, Daqing Ma, Jie Wang, Zongze Zhang
Background: The neurobiological basis of gaining consciousness from unconscious state induced by anesthetics remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate the involvement of the cerebello-thalamus-motor cortical loop mediating consciousness transitions from the loss of consciousness (LOC) induced by an inhalational anesthetic sevoflurane in mice. Methods: The neural tracing and fMRI together with opto - chemogenetic manipulation were used to investigate the potential link among cerebello-thalamus-motor cortical brain regions...
2024: Theranostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38168365/developmentally-unique-cerebellar-processing-prioritizes-self-over-other-generated-movements
#7
Angela M Richardson, Greta Sokoloff, Mark S Blumberg
UNLABELLED: To compute internal models of movement, the cerebellum must distinguish sensory input arising from self- and other-generated movements (reafference and exafference, respectively). This distinction is enabled by copies of motor commands (i.e., corollary discharges) that are sent to the cerebellum. The capacity to compute internal models emerges gradually through a process that is not yet understood. Previously, we demonstrated in 8-day-old (P8) rats that precerebellar nuclei-including the inferior olive and lateral reticular nucleus-convey corollary discharge and reafference to the cerebellum during active (REM) sleep when pups produce self-generated limb twitches...
December 16, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38159279/the-neural-correlates-of-arousal-ventral-posterolateral-nucleus-global-transient-co-activation
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junrong Han, Qiuyou Xie, Xuehai Wu, Zirui Huang, Sean Tanabe, Stuart Fogel, Anthony G Hudetz, Hang Wu, Georg Northoff, Ying Mao, Sheng He, Pengmin Qin
Arousal and awareness are two components of consciousness whose neural mechanisms remain unclear. Spontaneous peaks of global (brain-wide) blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal have been found to be sensitive to changes in arousal. By contrasting BOLD signals at different arousal levels, we find decreased activation of the ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL) during transient peaks in the global signal in low arousal and awareness states (non-rapid eye movement sleep and anesthesia) compared to wakefulness and in eyes-closed compared to eyes-open conditions in healthy awake individuals...
December 29, 2023: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38061688/propagating-population-activity-patterns-during-spontaneous-slow-waves-in-the-thalamus-of-rodents
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Csaba Horváth, István Ulbert, Richárd Fiáth
Slow waves (SWs) represent the most prominent electrophysiological events in the thalamocortical system under anesthesia and during deep sleep. Recent studies have revealed that SWs have complex spatiotemporal dynamics and propagate across neocortical regions. However, it is still unclear whether neuronal activity in the thalamus exhibits similar propagation properties during SWs. Here, we report propagating population activity in the thalamus of ketamine/xylazine-anesthetized rats and mice visualized by high-density silicon probe recordings...
December 5, 2023: NeuroImage
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38002683/mr-guided-focused-ultrasound-for-refractory-epilepsy-where-are-we-now
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angelo Labate, Salvatore Bertino, Rosa Morabito, Chiara Smorto, Annalisa Militi, Simona Cammaroto, Carmelo Anfuso, Francesco Tomaiuolo, Paolo Tonin, Silvia Marino, Antonio Cerasa, Angelo Quartarone
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases in both adults and children. Despite improvements in medical care, 20 to 30% of patients are still resistant to the best medical treatment. The quality of life, neurologic morbidity, and even mortality of patients are significantly impacted by medically intractable epilepsy. Nowadays, conservative therapeutic approaches consist of increasing medication dosage, changing to a different anti-seizure drug as monotherapy, and combining different antiseizure drugs using an add-on strategy...
November 13, 2023: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37974577/propofol-modulates-neural-dynamics-of-thalamo-cortical-system-associated-with-anesthetic-levels-in-rats
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuliang Jiang, Xin Wen, Guoyao Ou, Shitong Li, Yali Chen, Jun Zhang, Zhenhu Liang
UNLABELLED: The thalamocortical system plays an important role in consciousness. How anesthesia modulates the thalamocortical interactions is not completely known.  We simultaneously recorded local field potentials(LFPs) in thalamic reticular nucleus(TRN) and ventroposteromedial thalamic nucleus(VPM), and electrocorticographic(ECoG) activities in frontal and occipital cortices in freely moving rats ( n  = 11). We analyzed the changes in thalamic and cortical local spectral power and connectivities, which were measured with phase-amplitude coupling (PAC), coherence and multivariate Granger causality, at the states of baseline, intravenous infusion of propofol 20, 40, 80 mg/kg/h and after recovery of righting reflex...
December 2023: Cognitive Neurodynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37817064/effects-of-isoflurane-and-urethane-anesthetics-on-glutamate-neurotransmission-in-rat-brain-using-in-vivo-amperometry
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua A Beitchman, Gokul Krishna, Caitlin E Bromberg, Theresa Currier Thomas
BACKGROUND: Aspects of glutamate neurotransmission implicated in normal and pathological conditions are predominantly evaluated using in vivo recording paradigms in rats anesthetized with isoflurane or urethane. Urethane and isoflurane anesthesia influence glutamate neurotransmission through different mechanisms; however, real-time outcome measures of potassium chloride (KCl)-evoked glutamate overflow and glutamate clearance kinetics have not been compared within and between regions of the brain...
October 10, 2023: BMC Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37549435/structural-brain-differences-in-essential-tremor-and-parkinson-s-disease-deep-brain-stimulation-patients
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giulia Franco, Paula Trujillo, Alexander M Lopez, Megan A Aumann, Dario J Englot, Allison Hainline, Hakmook Kang, Peter E Konrad, Benoit M Dawant, Daniel O Claassen, Sarah K Bick
BACKGROUND: Essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common tremor disorders and are common indications for deep brain stimulation (DBS). In some patients, PD and ET symptoms overlap and diagnosis can be challenging based on clinical criteria alone. The objective of this study was to identify structural brain differences between PD and ET DBS patients to help differentiate these disorders and improve our understanding of the different brain regions involved in these pathologic processes...
August 5, 2023: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience: Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37498741/the-non-specific-matrix-thalamus-facilitates-the-cortical-information-processing-modes-relevant-for-conscious-awareness
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eli J Müller, Brandon R Munn, Michelle J Redinbaugh, Joseph Lizier, Michael Breakspear, Yuri B Saalmann, James M Shine
The neurobiological mechanisms of arousal and anesthesia remain poorly understood. Recent evidence highlights the key role of interactions between the cerebral cortex and the diffusely projecting matrix thalamic nuclei. Here, we interrogate these processes in a whole-brain corticothalamic neural mass model endowed with targeted and diffusely projecting thalamocortical nuclei inferred from empirical data. This model captures key features seen in propofol anesthesia, including diminished network integration, lowered state diversity, impaired susceptibility to perturbation, and decreased corticocortical coherence...
July 25, 2023: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37239964/xenon-s-sedative-effect-is-mediated-by-interaction-with-the-cyclic-nucleotide-binding-domain-cnbd-of-hcn2-channels-expressed-by-thalamocortical-neurons-of-the-ventrobasal-nucleus-in-mice
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nour El Dine Kassab, Verena Mehlfeld, Jennifer Kass, Martin Biel, Gerhard Schneider, Gerhard Rammes
Previous studies have shown that xenon reduces hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels type-2 (HCN2) channel-mediated current (I h ) amplitude and shifts the half-maximal activation voltage (V1/2) in thalamocortical circuits of acute brain slices to more hyperpolarized potentials. HCN2 channels are dually gated by the membrane voltage and via cyclic nucleotides binding to the cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD) on the channel. In this study, we hypothesize that xenon interferes with the HCN2 CNBD to mediate its effect...
May 11, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37234261/validation-of-a-pharmacological-imaging-challenge-using-11-c-buprenorphine-and-18-f-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose-positron-emission-tomography-to-study-the-effects-of-buprenorphine-to-the-rat-brain
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amélie Soyer, Sarah Leterrier, Louise Breuil, Maud Goislard, Claire Leroy, Wadad Saba, Karine Thibault, Gregory Dal Bo, Michel Bottlaender, Fabien Caillé, Sébastien Goutal, Nicolas Tournier
AIM: Buprenorphine mainly acts as an agonist of mu-opioid receptors (mu-OR). High dose buprenorphine does not cause respiratory depression and can be safely administered to elicit typical opioid effects and explore pharmacodynamics. Acute buprenorphine, associated with functional and quantitative neuroimaging, may therefore provide a fully translational pharmacological challenge to explore the variability of response to opioids in vivo . We hypothesized that the CNS effects of acute buprenorphine could be monitored through changes in regional brain glucose metabolism, assessed using 18 F-FDG microPET in rats...
2023: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37225435/decreased-thalamic-activity-is-a-correlate-for-disconnectedness-during-anesthesia-with-propofol-dexmedetomidine-and-sevoflurane-but-not-s-ketamine
#17
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Oskari Kantonen, Lauri Laaksonen, Michael Alkire, Annalotta Scheinin, Jaakko Långsjö, Roosa E Kallionpää, Kaike Kaisti, Linda Radek, Jarkko Johansson, Timo Laitio, Anu Maksimow, Joonas Scheinin, Mikko Nyman, Mika Scheinin, Olof Solin, Tero Vahlberg, Antti Revonsuo, Katja Valli, Harry Scheinin
Establishing the neural mechanisms responsible for the altered global states of consciousness during anesthesia and dissociating these from other drug-related effects remains a challenge in consciousness research. We investigated differences in brain activity between connectedness and disconnectedness by administering various anesthetics at concentrations designed to render 50% of the subjects unresponsive. One hundred and sixty healthy male subjects were randomized to receive either propofol (1.7 μg/ml; n = 40), dexmedetomidine (1...
June 28, 2023: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37031803/glun2d-subunit-containing-nmda-receptors-regulate-reticular-thalamic-neuron-function-and-seizure-susceptibility
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dinesh Y Gawande, Gajanan P Shelkar, Kishore Kumar S Narasimhan, Jinxu Liu, Shashank M Dravid
Thalamic regulation of cortical function is important for several behavioral aspects including attention and sensorimotor control. This region has also been studied for its involvement in seizure activity. Among the NMDA receptor subunits GluN2C and GluN2D are particularly enriched in several thalamic nuclei including nucleus reticularis of the thalamus (nRT). We have previously found that GluN2C deletion does not have a strong influence on the basal excitability and burst firing characteristics of reticular thalamus neurons...
April 7, 2023: Neurobiology of Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36973513/emergence-of-consciousness-from-anesthesia-through-ubiquitin-degradation-of-kcc2-in-the-ventral-posteromedial-nucleus-of-the-thalamus
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiang-Jian Hu, Yuexin Liu, Hongyu Yao, Boxu Cao, Huabao Liao, Ruodi Yang, Peng Chen, Xue-Jun Song
The emergence of consciousness from anesthesia, once assumed to be a passive process, is now considered as an active and controllable process. In the present study, we show in mice that, when the brain is forced into a minimum responsive state by diverse anesthetics, a rapid downregulation of K+ /Cl- cotransporter 2 (KCC2) in the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) serves as a common mechanism by which the brain regains consciousness. Ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation is responsible for KCC2 downregulation, which is driven by ubiquitin ligase Fbxl4...
May 2023: Nature Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36897972/propofol-disrupts-alpha-dynamics-in-functionally-distinct-thalamocortical-networks-during-loss-of-consciousness
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Veronica S Weiner, David W Zhou, Pegah Kahali, Emily P Stephen, Robert A Peterfreund, Linda S Aglio, Michele D Szabo, Emad N Eskandar, Andrés F Salazar-Gomez, Aaron L Sampson, Sydney S Cash, Emery N Brown, Patrick L Purdon
During propofol-induced general anesthesia, alpha rhythms measured using electroencephalography undergo a striking shift from posterior to anterior, termed anteriorization, where the ubiquitous waking alpha is lost and a frontal alpha emerges. The functional significance of alpha anteriorization and the precise brain regions contributing to the phenomenon are a mystery. While posterior alpha is thought to be generated by thalamocortical circuits connecting nuclei of the sensory thalamus with their cortical partners, the thalamic origins of the propofol-induced alpha remain poorly understood...
March 14, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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